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87; p = 0.0001). We also identified relationships of adipocyte hypertrophy and macrophage infiltration with prognostic factors, such as cancer stage and tumour grade (p < 0.05). RNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL6, TNF) and leptin was also increased as a function of adipocyte size and CD86+/CD11c+ macrophage number/100 adipocytes (p < 0.05).

Our findings support the model of dysfunctional adipose tissue in obesity-associated breast cancer.

Our findings support the model of dysfunctional adipose tissue in obesity-associated breast cancer.

Patients with obesity and lipedema commonly are misdiagnosed as having lymphedema. The conditions share phenotypic overlap and can influence each other. Tanshinone I mw The purpose of this study was to delineate obesity-induced lymphedema, obesity without lymphedema, and lipedema in order to improve their diagnosis and treatment.

Our Lymphedema Center database of 700 patients was searched for patients with obesity-induced lymphedema (OIL), obesity without lymphedema (OWL), and lipedema. Patient age, sex, diagnosis, cellulitis history, body mass index (BMI), and treatment were recorded. Only subjects with lymphoscintigraphic documentation of their lymphatic function were included.

Ninety-eight patients met inclusion criteria. Subjects with abnormal lymphatic function (n = 46) had a greater BMI (65 ± 12) and cellulitis history (n = 30, 65%) compared to individuals with normal lymphatic function [(BMI 42 ± 10); (cellulitis n = 8, 15%)] (p < 0.001). Seventeen patients had a history of lipedema and two exhibited abnormal lymphatic function (BMI 45, 54). The risk of having lower extremity lymphedema was predicted by BMI BMI < 40 (0%), 40-49 (17%), 50-59 (63%), 60-69 (86%), 70-79 (91%), ≥80 (100%). Five patients with OIL (11%) underwent resection of massive localized lymphedema (MLL) or suction-assisted lipectomy. Three individuals (18%) with lipedema were treated with suction-assisted lipectomy.

The risk of lymphedema in patients with obesity and lipedema can be predicted by BMI; confirmation requires lymphoscintigraphy. Individuals with OIL are at risk for cellulitis and MLL. Patients with a BMI > 40 are first managed with weight loss. Excisional procedures can further reduce extremity size once BMI has been lowered.

 40 are first managed with weight loss. Excisional procedures can further reduce extremity size once BMI has been lowered.Anti-reflection and anti-contamination coatings prepared from fluorinated polymers have widespread and important applications, ranging from protective films for corrosion resistance to high-tech microelectronics and medical devices due to their transparency, low refractive index, stain resistance, and antifouling properties. However, the application of existing coatings is hindered by low surface adhesion to the target substrate and weakness when exposed to mechanical stress or damage, resulting in significant limitations to their practical applications. Herein, we incorporate perfluoropolyether (PFPE) with benzophenone (BP) to develop an efficient coating material (PFPE-BP) possessing broadband anti-reflectivity, anti-contamination properties, excellent abrasion resistance, and stability under elevated temperatures and relative humidity. The presence of BP allows the coating materials to be homogeneously mixed with a commercial hard coating solution to uniformly coat the target substrate. Furthermore, UV light irradiation on the coating surface results in excellent adhesion between BP groups of PFPE-BP and the hard coating matrix.The Stoner-Wohlfarth model predicts the crossing of the ascending and descending branches of the hysteretic magnetization curve. This crossing behavior has widely been dismissed, with the claim that it violates the laws of thermodynamics. Experimental verification of hysteresis branch crossing has not been acknowledged in the literature. Here we show, both theoretically and experimentally, that the crossing of the ascending and descending branches of the magnetization curve is a robust, reproducible phenomenon which does not violate any fundamental law.Fibroblast growth factor receptor type 2 (FGFR2) has emerged as a key oncogenic factor that regulates gastric cancer (GC) progression, but the underlying mechanism of FGF-FGFR2 signaling pathway remains largely unknown. To identify the potential molecular mechanisms of the oncogenic FGFR2 in gastric carcinogenesis and convey a novel therapeutic strategy, we profiled the FGFR alterations and analyzed their clinical associations in TCGA and Hong Kong GC cohorts. We found that FGFR2 overexpression in GC cell lines and primary tumors predicted poor survival and was associated with advanced stages of GC. Functionally, growth abilities and cell cycle progression of GC were inhibited by inactivation of ERK-MAPK signal transduction after FGFR2 knockdown, while apoptosis was promoted. Meanwhile, the first-line anti-cancer drug sensitivity was enhanced. RNA-seq analysis further revealed that YAP1 signaling serves as a significant downstream modulator and mediates the oncogenic signaling of FGFR2. When stimulating FGFR2 by rhFGF18, we observed intensified F-actin, nuclear accumulation of YAP1, and overexpression of YAP1 targets, but these effects were attenuated by either FGFR2 depletion or AZD4547 administration. Additionally, the FGF18-FGFR2 signaling upregulated YAP1 expression through activating c-Jun, an effector of MAPK signaling. In our cohort, 28.94% of GC cases were characterized as FGFR2, c-Jun, and YAP1 co-positive and demonstrated worse clinical outcomes. Remarkably, we also found that co-targeting FGFR2 and YAP1 by AZD4547 and Verteporfin synergistically enhanced the antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, we have identified the oncogenic FGF-FGFR2 regulates YAP1 signaling in GC. The findings also highlight the translational potential of FGFR2-c-Jun-YAP1 axis, which may serve as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for GC.Clinical biomarkers can predict normalization of HbA1c after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery, but it is unclear which are the most predictive.The aim of this study was to compare biomarkers for insulin sensitivity and other clinical parameters in the prediction of normalization of HbA1c after RYGB surgery. This study included 99 (23 men) obese subjects (BMI > 35 kg/m2) undergoing a laparoscopic RYGB. Clinical and biochemical examinations were performed pre-operatively and up to 2 years after surgery. Pre-operatively, normal fasting glucose levels were found in 25 individuals (NG), prediabetes in 46 and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in 28. At baseline IGF-I (SD), IGFBP-1 and adiponectin levels were low while leptin was high. Weight loss was observed in all three groups, most in the prediabetes group. After 2 years HbA1c was decreased in prediabetes and T2DM. In all three groups insulin, HOMA-IR, lipids and blood pressure improved, IGFBP-1 and adiponectin increased and leptin decreased. IGF-I (SD) increased only in T2DM.