Russovinter7243

Moreover, Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio increased in RBCs and decreased in plasma of CAA patients. The role of these proteins as candidate peripheral biomarkers easily measurable with a blood sample in CAA needs to be confirmed in larger studies.

In conclusion, we provide evidence concerning the possible use of blood biomarkers for contributing to CAA diagnosis and differentiation from other NDs.

In conclusion, we provide evidence concerning the possible use of blood biomarkers for contributing to CAA diagnosis and differentiation from other NDs.

Physical inactivity is a modifiable risk factor for dementia, but there remains a research translation gap in effective physical activity (PA) implementation, particularly in the longer-term. The INDIGO trial investigated the effectiveness of a six-month PA intervention for inactive older adults at risk of cognitive decline with subjective cognitive decline or mild cognitive impairment.

This follow-up study aimed to collect feedback from INDIGO participants about their experience of involvement in the trial, including barriers and enablers to longer-term maintenance of PA.

A qualitative study using semi-structured individual interviews was conducted and transcripts analyzed thematically. All INDIGO trial completers were invited, with 29 participating (follow-up period 27-66 months post-baseline).

At long-term follow-up, participants described INDIGO trial participation as beneficial. The theme of "Motivation" (subthemes structure and accountability, knowledge and expected benefits, preferences and motcularly structure and accountability) and "Situation" factors relevant to individuals with the aim of developing self-efficacy, habit formation, and enjoyment to increase the likelihood of longer-term PA maintenance.

Cognitive reserve (CR) has been postulated to contribute to the variation observed between neuropathology and clinical outcomes in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

We investigated the effect of an education-occupation derived CR proxy on biological properties of white matter tracts in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and healthy elders (HC).

Educational attainment and occupational complexity ratings (complexity with data, people, and things) from thirty-five patients with aMCI and twenty-eight HC were used to generate composite CR scores. Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) and multi-shell diffusion MRI were used to extract macromolecular tissue volume (MTV) across major white matter tracts.

We observed significant differences in the association between CR and white matter tract MTV in aMCI versus HC when age, gender, intracranial volume, and memory ability were held constant. Particularly, in aMCI, higher CR was associated with worse tract pathology (lower MTV) in the left and right dorsal cingulum, callosum forceps major, right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) tracts. Conversely higher CR was associated with higher MTV in the right parahippocampal cingulum and left SLF in HC.

Our results support compensatory CR mechanisms in aMCI and neuroprotective mechanisms in HC and suggest differential roles for CR on white matter macromolecular properties in healthy elders versus prodromal AD patients.

Our results support compensatory CR mechanisms in aMCI and neuroprotective mechanisms in HC and suggest differential roles for CR on white matter macromolecular properties in healthy elders versus prodromal AD patients.

Tripeptide Met-Lys-Pro (MKP), a component of casein hydrolysates, has effective angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Brain angiotensin II enzyme activates the NADPH oxidase complex via angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) and enhances oxidative stress injury. ACE inhibitors improved cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models and previous clinical trials. Thus, although undetermined, MKP may be effective against pathological amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation-induced cognitive impairment.

The current study aimed to investigate the potential of MKP as a pharmaceutical against AD by examining MKP's effect on cognitive function and molecular changes in the brain using double transgenic (APP/PS1) mice.

Experimental procedures were conducted in APP/PS1 mice (n = 38) with a C57BL/6 background. A novel object recognition test was used to evaluate recognition memory. ELISA was used to measure insoluble Aβ40, Aβ42, and TNF-α levels in brain tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis allowed the assessment of glial cell activation in MKP-treated APP/PS1 mice.

The novel object recognition test revealed that MKP-treated APP/PS1 mice showed significant improvement in recognition memory. ELISA of brain tissue showed that MKP significantly reduced insoluble Aβ40, Aβ42, and TNF-α levels. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated the suppression of the marker for microglia and reactive astrocytes in MKP-treated APP/PS1 mice.

Based on these results, we consider that MKP could ameliorate pathological Aβ accumulation-induced cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, our findings suggest that MKP potentially contributes to preventing cognitive decline in AD.

Based on these results, we consider that MKP could ameliorate pathological Aβ accumulation-induced cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice. Furthermore, our findings suggest that MKP potentially contributes to preventing cognitive decline in AD.

Dementia is a priority public health issue due to its high prevalence worldwide and its economic, social, and health impact. However, there are few reports in Mexico based on formal tests and with a clinical approach based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5).

This study estimates the prevalence of the main types of dementia among elderly people living in the community in Mexico City.

A population-based, two-step study was conducted, including 6,204 elderly individuals aged 60 or above with in-home assessment. All participants were screened for cognitive impairment; those who presented some cognitive problem underwent a standardized neurological examination. Each diagnosis was based on the criteria for dementia in the DSM-5, and the final consensus diagnosis of dementia was determined by an expert panel.

The global estimated prevalence of dementia in the Mexican population was 7.8% met the criteria for Alzheimer's disease, 4.3% for vascular dementia, and 2.1% for mixed dementia. The prevalence of dementia was higher in women than in men (15.3% versus 12.5%, respectively).

These results provide evidence to propose strategies for Latin American countries where dementia represents a challenge due to the heterogeneity of the populations and socioeconomic disparities, requiring early diagnosis and at the first levels of care.

These results provide evidence to propose strategies for Latin American countries where dementia represents a challenge due to the heterogeneity of the populations and socioeconomic disparities, requiring early diagnosis and at the first levels of care.

Dementia is a risk factor for undernutrition. However, it is not clear if specific cognitive deficits have a higher risk of undernutrition and how much appetite/nutritional problems and caregiver stress mediate this association.

To evaluate the relationship between nutritional status and severity of global and function-specific scores of cognitive dysfunctions, and to which extent this association is mediated by appetite/nutritional problems and caregiver stress.

Cross-sectional analysis of the ReGAl study data, including 761 older adults attending a Memory Clinic. Nutritional status was evaluated with Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The relationship between scores at neuro-cognitive tests and risk of undernutrition was evaluated using logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. To allow comparison between different tests, all scores were standardized. Mediation analysis was used to evaluate how much appetite/nutritional problems and caregiver stress mediate this association.

Mea population.

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) can be disruptive for patients and their families.

We aimed to classify patients based on NPS and to explore the relationship of these classes with sex and with caregiver burden.

The study cohort comprised individuals with AD dementia diagnosed at Ace Alzheimer Center in Barcelona, Spain, between 2011-2020. NPS were ascertained by using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire. learn more Latent class analysis was used to identify clusters of individuals sharing a similar NPS profile. We evaluated the caregiver burden using the Zarit Burden Interview. Multivariable regression models were used to obtain adjusted estimates of the association between sex, NPS classes, and caregiver burden.

A total of 1,065 patients with AD dementia and their primary caregivers were included. We classified patients into five different classes according to their NPS profile "Affective", "High-behavioral-disturbance", "Negative-affect", "Affective/deliriant", and "Apathy". We found that age, sex, and type of AD diagnosis differed greatly across classes. We found that patients from the "High-behavioral-disturbance" (OR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.00-6.56), "Negative-affect" (OR = 2.72, 95% CI 1.26-3.64), and "Affective/deliriant" (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.26-3.64) classes were over two times more likely to have a female caregiver than those in "Apathy" class. These three classes were also the ones associated to the greatest caregiver burden in the adjusted analyses, which seems to explain the increased burden observed among female caregivers.

Caregiver burden is highly dependent on the patient's NPS profiles. Female caregivers provide care to patients that pose a greater burden, which makes them more susceptible to become overwhelmed.

Caregiver burden is highly dependent on the patient's NPS profiles. Female caregivers provide care to patients that pose a greater burden, which makes them more susceptible to become overwhelmed.

Previous studies have shown that impaired pulmonary function may be associated with cognitive decline, posing the question of whether peak expiratory flow (PEF) % pred could present a modifiable risk factor.

To assess the association between PEF% pred and future cognitive function among Chinese participants aged 45 years and above.

Data came from four waves fielded by the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Cognitive function was assessed by a global cognition score. Multivariate linear regression models and generalized estimating equation (GEE) were used to investigate associations between PEF% pred and later cognitive function.

A total of 2,950 participants were eligible for the final data analysis. After adjustment for baseline cognition and potential confounders, the association remained statistically significant (β = 0.0057, p = 0.027). Domains with increases were focused on episodic memory (β= 0.0028, p = 0.048) and figure drawing (β= 0.0040, p = 0.028). But these associations were not found in women (β= 0.0027, p = 0.379). However, GEE suggested that the rates of decline in global cognition decreased by 0.0096 (p < 0.001) units per year as baseline PEF% pred increased by 1% in middle-aged and elderly individuals, regardless of sex. And higher baseline PEF% pred correlated with declined rates of decrease of in episodic memory, figure drawing, and Telephone Interview of Cognitive Status (TICS).

Higher baseline PEF% pred was significantly associated with slower cognitive decline in global cognition, episodic memory, figure drawing, and TICS in middle aged and elderly Chinese adults.

Higher baseline PEF% pred was significantly associated with slower cognitive decline in global cognition, episodic memory, figure drawing, and TICS in middle aged and elderly Chinese adults.