Boonebjerg7739

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of congenital heart disease in Yunnan, China which has diverse ethnic groups. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 244,023 children from 2010 to 2015. To diagnose CHD, a conventional physical examination was used to screen suspicious cases, which were further confirmed by echocardiography. RESULTS A total of 1695 children were diagnosed with CHD. The estimated prevalence was 6.94%. Atrial septal defects were the most common cardiac abnormalities. A higher prevalence of CHD was observed with preterm birth, low birth weight, maternal age ≥35 years, and high-altitude regions. The prevalence also showed differences between diverse ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of CHD in China may have ethnic differences.OBJECTIVE To identify the factors influencing brain injury in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) after cardiac surgery. METHODS This retrospective study investigated 103 infants with CHD undergoing cardiac surgery between January 2013 and February 2016. Pre- and postoperative amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) recordings were assessed for background pattern, sleep-wake cycle pattern and seizure activity. Logistic regression model was used to determine the influencing factors of brain injury. RESULTS Pre-operatively, most infants in our study exhibited a normal background pattern, with 16.5% showing discontinuous normal voltage, whereas this pattern was observed in only 7.8% of infants postoperatively. The improvement in background pattern after surgery was significant (P less then 0.05) in infants at no more than 39 weeks of gestational age. Infants with postoperative sepsis or severe postoperative infection were prone to show a worse sleep-wake cycle pattern after heart surgery. CONCLUSIONS The improvement in brain function of infants with CHD after cardiac surgery was associated with the gestational age and postoperative infection.OBJECTIVE To assess outcomes and factors influencing outcomes in neonates requiring cardiac surgery in India. METHODS This study reports on review of hospital data from a tertiary care cardiac surgical institute from January-2009 to December-2015. RESULTS A total of 200 neonates were included; of them, 5% of the cases were antenatally diagnosed and most of them had unmonitored transport (111, 55.5%). The overall mortality rate was 13.5%, (n=27) and 178 (89%) underwent complete defect repair. There was a significant association of mortality with shock, the number of inotropes, intra-operative procedure, residual lesion, aortic cross-clamp and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest time (all P less then 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed ventilation duration, cardiac-bypass time, shock, and residual cardiac lesion as independent predictors of mortality. CONCLUSIONS Cardiac defects were found to have late detection and most transports were unmonitored. Complete surgical repair and shorter cardiac bypass time can potentially improve neonatal cardiac surgical outcomes.OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of the application of three growth references (Agarwal, 1992; Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP), 2015; and World Health Organisation (WHO), 2007) on interpretation of anthropometric parameters in schoolchildren. SETTING Cross-sectional school-based study. PARTICIPANTS Children 8-15 years studying in one government school and one private school of Delhi. PROCEDURE The age- and gender-specific standard deviation scores of height-for-age and BMI-for-age were estimated for each student enrolled, using the three growth references independently. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The proportion of children with short stature, thinness and overweight/ obesity determined by each growth reference were compared. Tivantinib chemical structure RESULTS A total of 1237 students participated in the study. A significantly higher proportion of children (both sexes) were classified to have short stature using WHO 2007 reference (8.8%) as compared to the Agarwal (3.3%) charts and IAP, 2015 references (3.6%). The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was highest (34.8%) by the IAP, 2015 reference as against 32% by Agarwal charts and 29.1% by WHO, 2007 reference. Good agreement existed between the IAP, 2015 reference and Agarwal charts in classifying subjects into different BMI categories (Kappa=0.82) and short stature (Kappa=0.99). CONCLUSIONS In view of differences noted, use of national population derived reference data is suggested to correctly define growth trajectories in children.BACKGROUND Impulse oscillometry is an effort-independent technique of assessment of airway resistance and reactance, and can be performed in children unable to complete spirometry. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the utility of impulse oscillometry and spirometry for assessing asthma control in children. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Children aged 5-15 years, with mild to severe persistent asthma. INTERVENTION On each 3-monthly follow-up visit, clinical assessment, classification of control of asthma, impulse oscillometry and spirometry were performed. OUTCOME Utility of impulse oscillometry parameters [impedance (Z5), resistance (R5), reactance (X5) at 5 Hz, and R5-20 (resistance at 20Hz -5Hz) (% predicted), and area of reactance (AX, actual values)] and FEV1 (% predicted) to discriminate between controlled and uncontrolled asthma was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Association of FEV1 and impulse oscillometry parameters over time with controlled asthma was evaluated by generalized estimating equation model. RESULTS Number of visits in 256 children [mean (SD) age, 100 (41.6) mo; boys 198 (77.3%)], where both impulse oscillometry and spirometry were performed was 2616; symptoms were controlled in 48.9% visits. Area under the curve for discrimination between controlled and uncontrolled asthma by FEV1, AX, R5-20, Z5, R5, and X5 were 0.58, 0.55, 0.55, 0.52, 0.52 and 0.52, respectively. FEV1 [OR (95% CI) 1.02 (1.01-1.03)] and AX [OR (95% CI) 0.88 (0.81-0.97)] measured over the duration of follow-up were significantly associated with controlled asthma. CONCLUSIONS Spirometry and impulse oscillometry parameters are comparable in ascertaining controlled asthma. Impulse oscillometry being less effort-dependent may be performed for monitoring control of childhood asthma, especially in younger children.The Participatory Approach for Nutrition in Children Strengthening Health, Education, Engineering and Environment Linkages (PANChSHEEEL) project is a collaboration between University College London, Save the Children India, Jawaharlal Nehru University and Indian Institute of Technology Delhi to develop a socio-culturally appropriate, tailored, integrated and interdisciplinary intervention in rural India and test its acceptability for delivery through Anganwadi Centre (AWCs) and schools. Recognizing the socio-ecological determinants of under-nutrition, the POSHAN Abhiyan (POSHAN Mission) adopts a multi-sectoral approach to achieve five goals, of which two are directly related to children. The POSHAN Abhiyan resonates with the conceptual framework of the PANChSHEEEL study in its interdisciplinary scope and focus on local linka ges. This paper draws upon empirical evidence from the PANChSHEEEL Project in Banswara (one of the POSHAN mission districts), Rajasthan to help understand linkages between policy and practice, specifically the challenges of operationalizing 'convergence', the core strategy of the Abhiyan.BACKGROUND There are many potential pathways in the income health relationship. Problems arise in examining the effect of income loss primarily because of difficulties in disentangling income from the effect of the labour market, but also because of the heterogenous nature of health variables. Psychological, rather than physical, health is important because younger populations are unlikely to manifest clinical evidence of physical disease in the short term. However, biological pathways of stress indicate that this can result in increased mortality and morbidity in the longer term. AIMS OF THE STUDY The study follows the example of work that has harnessed the Great Recession to examine income loss, but in contrast to previous work, this study examines the relationship of disposable income and mental health. The study exploits disposable, rather than gross, income, because of economic theory relating disposable income to consumption and research demonstrating the role of consumption in wellbeing. Data from the tly seen for those who are homeowners. Subjective reports of being in mortgage or rent arrears are also associated with an increase in depression score. DISCUSSION This group, comprising the mothers of young children, is particularly interesting in view of the credit constraints experienced by younger households during the financial crisis in Ireland. Both sets of results are consistent with qualitative studies which have shown that mortgage difficulties can lead to depression, anxiety and poor mental health, and that high status groups experience shame and self-blame when they experience a financial loss. It remains to be seen if this will have a long-term effect on the mental health of either the mothers or their children.Previous studies indicated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) played vital roles in the development of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although hsa_circ_0014130 might be a potential NSCLC biomarker, its function in NSCLC remains unknown. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of hsa_circ_0014130 in the progression of NSCLC. The levels of hsa_circ_0014130 in NSCLC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were determined by RT-qPCR. In addition, the expressions of Bcl-2, cleaved caspase 3 in A549 cells were detected with western blot. Meanwhile, the dual luciferase reporter system assay was used to determine the interaction of hsa_circ_0014130 and miR-136-5p, or Bcl-2 and miR-136-5p in NSCLC respectively. The level of hsa_circ_0014130 was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues. Downregulation of hsa_circ_0014130 markedly inhibited the proliferation and invasion of A549 cells via inducing apoptosis. In addition, downregulation of hsa_circ_0014130 inhibited the tumorigenesis of subcutaneous A549 xenograft in mice in vivo. Meanwhile, mechanistic analysis indicated that downregulation of hsa_circ_0014130 decreased the expression of miR-136-5p targeted gene Bcl-2 via acting as a competitive 'sponge' of miR-136-5p. In this study, we found that hsa_circ_0014130 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues. In addition, hsa_circ_0014130 functions as a tumor promoter in NSCLC to promote tumor growth through up-regulating Bcl-2 partially via 'sponging' miR-136-5p. Implications In conclusion, hsa_circ_0014130 might function as a prognostic factor for patients with NSCLC and might be a therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC in future. Copyright ©2020, American Association for Cancer Research.Gluconeogenesis is frequently suppressed in tumors arising in gluconeogenic organs and reexpression of a gluconeogenesis enzyme, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP1), was found to inhibit tumor growth. In this issue of Cancer Research, Liao and colleagues show that histone H3 trimethylation on lysine 27, induced by polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), is responsible for downregulating FBP1 in liver and kidney cancer cells. Moreover, they identified FBP1 repression as an important downstream mechanism of PRC2-mediated carcinogenesis. FBP1 inhibits glycolysis but also directly interferes with PRC2 function, thus FBP1 and PRC2 are part of a novel negative feedback loop that is deregulated in liver and kidney cancer.See related article by Liao et al., p. 675. ©2020 American Association for Cancer Research.