Vincentgold5040
MM should always be kept in mind in differential diagnosis of metastatic hepatic tumors with unknown primary because of its various morphological characteristics.
MM should always be kept in mind in differential diagnosis of metastatic hepatic tumors with unknown primary because of its various morphological characteristics.
The present study aimed to explore the effect of neoadjuvant therapy and tumor regression grade (TRG) on the shrinkage in the distal surgical margin (DSM) induced by formalin fixation in rectal cancer. Materials and.
In this prospective study, the DSM of resected 61 specimens of rectal and rectosigmoid junction adenocarcinoma were measured following fresh and formalin fixation. The measurements were performed within the first 15 min after resection and at 24 h after formalin fixation without pinning and were compared with regard to neoadjuvant treatment status and TRG.
In the patients that received neoadjuvant therapy, the fresh and postfixation DSM values were 32.2 mm and 22.7 mm, respectively, and the mean shrinkage rate was 34.7% (P < 0.001). In the patients that did not receive neoadjuvant therapy, the fresh and postfixation DSM values were 54.03 mm and 41.9 mm, respectively, and the mean shrinkage rate was 23.7% (P < 0.001). The mean shrinkage rate was 41.9% in TRG 1, 29.4% in TRG 2, and 31.9 in TRG 3 specimens. The mean shrinkage rate was higher in specimens with a DSM of ≤20 mm compared to specimens with a DSM of >20 mm (46.2% vs. 24.9%).
A complete or near-complete tumor regression in patients with rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy increases the shrinkage of DSM. Moreover, this shrinkage rate is likely to be higher and the pathological DSM is likely to be closer than expected in cases that present a better clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy, particularly in distal rectal cancer.
A complete or near-complete tumor regression in patients with rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy increases the shrinkage of DSM. Moreover, this shrinkage rate is likely to be higher and the pathological DSM is likely to be closer than expected in cases that present a better clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy, particularly in distal rectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly occurring cancer in men and the second most common cancer in women. Despite advances in surgical techniques and chemotherapeutic regimens, CRC continues to be one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths in the world.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and the relationship between HER2, clinicopathological parameters, and microsatellite instability (MSI).
Two hundred and forty resected CRCs at our institution between 2016 and 2019 were included in the study. Tumors were re-evaluated and classified according to the World Health Organization. Tissue macroarray techniques were used to generate tissue samples. HER2 antibody was performed using the automated system.
HER2 antibody was score 3 positive in only 5 cases. Score 2 was observed in 13 cases, score 1 in 27, score 0 in 195. All of the HER2-positive cases were metastatic. All of them were tubular adenocarcinoma. HER2 positive cases were well and moderately differentiated. Four of the HER2 positive cases were T3 stage, and one was T4.
A total of 2.1% of CRCs were positive for HER2 antibody. There was a positive correlation between HER2 and distant metastasis. There was no significant relationship between MSI, other prognostic parameters, and HER2.
A total of 2.1% of CRCs were positive for HER2 antibody. There was a positive correlation between HER2 and distant metastasis. There was no significant relationship between MSI, other prognostic parameters, and HER2.
NOTCH1 pathway activation has been recently described to be a key player in gastric carcinogenesis, enhance the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and mediate chemoresistance in several malignancies.
This study investigated the correlation between NOTCH1 and CSC marker OCT4 (octamer binding transcription factor-4) expression and the clinicopathological properties, survival and treatment outcome in patients with gastric carcinoma (GC) receiving adjuvant chemotherapy. Materials and.
NOTCH1 and OCT4 were immunohistochemically detected in 50 post-operated specimens of GC. Patients' data regarding disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and the response to the chemotherapy was statistically analyzed.
NOTCH1 and OCT4 overexpression was detected in 60% and 52% of GC tissues, respectively, and that was significantly higher than the rates in adjacent non-neoplastic gastric mucosa (P < 0.05). A significant correlation was detected between overexpression of NOTCH1 and OCT4 in GC and aggressive clinicopathological features; poor differentiation (P = 0.021, P = 0.037, respectively), depth of tumor invasion (P < 0.001 for both), TNM stage (P < 0.001 for both), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.002, P = 0.003, respectively) and distant metastasis (P < 0.001 for both). NOTCH1 was positively correlated with OCT4 (P = 0.002). Survival analysis disclosed that upregulation of NOTCH1 and OCT4 was associated with worse DFS (P = 0.013, P < 0.001, respectively) and OS (P < 0.001 for both). Overexpression of NOTCH1 and OCT4 correlated with poor response to chemotherapy (P = 0.013, P = 0.005, respectively) and worse clinical outcome.
Combined detection of these proteins might disclose even better predictive value for shorter survival and resistance to chemotherapy.
Combined detection of these proteins might disclose even better predictive value for shorter survival and resistance to chemotherapy.
HER2-targeted therapy has been shown to benefit HER2-positive gastric cancer. It is very important to determine the HER2 expression level correctly to select the appropriate test and sampling method.
In this study, we investigated the frequency of overexpression of HER2 and intratumoral heterogeneity of HER2-positive cases, comparison of HER2 used immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) performance in biopsy and resection specimens, the correlation of HER2 status between biopsy and resection specimens, and its relationship with clinicopathological findings.
Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens of a total of 40 surgically resected and biopsy specimens of gastric cancer were analyzed. HER2 status was examined using both IHC and FISH techniques, and the findings and their association with different clinicopathological parameters were evaluated.
The concordance rate between the results of IHC and FISH in biopsy and resection specimens was 96.6% and 86.6%, respectivebetween HER2 positivity and clinicopathological parameters. Overall, both biopsy and resection specimens are appropriate for HER2 testing.
Helicobacter pylori infection is a chronic bacterial infection associated with some extragastric diseases as well as gastric involvements that occur most commonly worldwide. In our study, we aimed to investigate the usability of immature granulocytes as a basic indicator that can reflect the severity of helicobacter pylori inflammation, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time.
Patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between April 2019 and April 2020 and were diagnosed with antral gastritis were included in this study. The relationship between helicobacter infection and its severity detected in gastric biopsies of patients and immature granulocyte count (IGC), immature granulocyte percentage (IG%), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were investigated.
Of the 868 patients, 210 were HP negative, 658 were HP positive (218 mild HP positive, 293 moderate HP positive, and 147 severe HP positive). There were statistically significant differences between the HP negative and HP positive groups in terms of IGC, IG%, NLR, and PLR. However, IG% and IGC were not clinically useful because the median IG% (0.3 vs 0.3) and IGC (0.02 vs 0.02) were the same in the HP negative and total HP positive groups.
In our study, IGC and IG% were not found useful to detect H. pylori intensity and severity of inflammation.
In our study, IGC and IG% were not found useful to detect H. pylori intensity and severity of inflammation.
Invasive solid papillary carcinomas (ISPC) are rare malignant neoplasms in the classification of WHO 2019 breast tumors.
We aimed to investigate the correlations between programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression status of tumor and immune cells and clinicopathological parameters by molecular classification of this rare morphological subtype. This study will contribute to the literature about the PD-L1 expression state of ISPCs for the first time.
The study included 19 invasive solid papillary carcinoma cases diagnosed between 2009 and 2019 in Pathology Department. Molecular subtyping was performed in 19 cases by immunohistochemical studies (ER/PR, Her-2/neu, Ki-67), and PD-L1 expression was evaluated in neoplastic and immune cells.
PD-L1 expression was detected in 4 (21%) cases, 3 (75%) of them were in luminal B and 1 (25%) were in the luminal A group. The correlation between molecular subtypes and PD-L1 expression was statistically significant (P = 0.016). Patients with PD-L1 expression had ae predictive about immunotherapy.
As targeted therapies are promising in the treatment of lung cancer (LC), it is important to identify the genetic variations in tumors. The present research aimed to determine the regional prevalence of alterations in ALK, ROS1, and EGFR genes. Materials and.
ALK rearrangement in 1152, ROS1 rearrangement in 390, and EGFR mutations in 1054 cases with LC were evaluated.
Alteration rates of ALK, ROS1, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) genes were 3.5%, 0.4%, and 11.2% in the samples, respectively. ALK rearrangements were mainly detected in young patients (P < 0.01) and in females (P < 0.01). Females were also more often inflicted by EGFR variations, especially from the exon 19 deletion. Exon 21 L858R mutations were more frequently found in men. However, any statistical significance between EGFR alterations and gender or age was not discovered.
In this study, molecular changes were less frequent than expected. We thought that this low rate confirmed the aphorism of "smokes like a Turk, " which could be because almost all patients were active or passive smokers.
In this study, molecular changes were less frequent than expected. Lorlatinib We thought that this low rate confirmed the aphorism of "smokes like a Turk, " which could be because almost all patients were active or passive smokers.
Targeted therapy using tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cases of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) that harbor epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations has drastically improved the overall survival rate. The current study estimated the frequency of EGFR mutations in the Indian population by analyzing the diagnostic parameters of various techniques available for the detection of these mutations.
A case series of 100 histologically diagnosed and immunohistochemically confirmed NSCLC with the adenocarcinoma phenotype comprises the study sample. EGFR mutations were detected using clone-specific immunohistochemistry (IHC), real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and Sanger sequencing.
EGFR mutations were identified in 48% cases with 72.78% mutations involving exon 19. Clone-specific IHC had a low sensitivity of 46.43%, and the specificity was 79.17%. Sanger sequencing yielded interpretable results in 16% cases only, which were in concordance with the results of real-time PCR.
EGFR mutations are increasingly being explored for targeted therapy and personalized medicine.
