Westhhahn1877

002, 95% CI - 0.004, - 0.000, and β = - 0.016, 95% CI - 0.030, - 0.002, respectively). A significant positive association between MP and birth length was also found (β = 0.004, 95% CI 0.00, 0.00) in all the neonates. In sex-stratified adjusted models, MP and BP were found to be associated, respectively, with higher birth length and weight in male neonates (β = 0.008, 95% CI - 0.001, 0.017, and β = 7.948, 95% CI 1.045, 14.851). In girls, maternal urinary MP, PP, and BP were associated with increased birth weight (β = 0.831, 95% CI 0.043, 1.620; β = 4.178, 95% CI 0.877, 7.480; and β = 10.821, 95% CI 3.545, 18.097, respectively), and MP and BP were associated with reduced head circumference at birth (β = - 0.003, 95% CI - 0.005, - 0.001, and β = - 0.035, 95% CI - 0.055, - 0.016). These results revealed potential impacts between neonatal growth and maternal exposure to parabens. However, these findings should be interpreted while considering the limitations of the present study.Because ibuprofen is a high consumption drug, which has the waters as its final destination, causing alterations in the aquatic environment, specifically in fish. TH1760 purchase However, there is not enough knowledge about the effect it can have on neotropical fish. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different concentrations of ibuprofen on sperm quality, both in vivo and in vitro, of the striped catfish Pseudoplatystoma magdaleniatum, and analyze its effects on the reproduction of this critical extinction endangered species. For this purpose, three groups of fish, with a mean weight of 2.3 ± 0.6 kg and mean total length of 62.9 ± 6.1 cm, were placed in tanks (3 fish/tank) with water at concentrations of 0 (control), 25, and 50 μg/L of ibuprofen for 4 months. For the analysis of sperm quality for each treatment (in vivo), the males were selected in the spermiation phase. Also, the semen from the control group was used for in vitro tests and activated with type I water solutions containing 0, 25, and 50 μg/L of ibuprofen. In the in vivo and in vitro tests, when fish and semen were treated to 50 μg/l, the seminal quality of striped catfish was statistically different from the other treatments. For this study, it was shown that ibuprofen at concentrations of 50 μg/L can cause a significant reduction in sperm quality and, therefore, a threat to the reproduction of P. magdaleniatum.The increasingly serious harmful algal blooms (HABs) in Taihu Lake has brought huge losses to the local economy and people's life in Taihu Lake. Satellite remote sensing technology has become one of the most important monitoring methods for HAB disasters due to its large-scale and long-term advantages. GOCI image has become the new data source of HAB monitoring because of its large size and high time resolution. Due to the low spatial resolution (500 m) and the existence of mixed pixels, the error of HAB area obtained by the NDVI method is large. In this paper, the linear mixing model (LMM) and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) threshold method are combined to extract the HAB area from GOCI images with 500-m spatial resolution. Compared with the results of the HAB area extracted by Landsat8 OLI and MODIS data, three small areas in the study area were selected to verify the accuracy of the HAB area extracted from the GOCI image on October 2, 2015. The results show that when the NDVI threshold is 0.1, the area error of HABs is the smallest when the extracted HAB pixels mask the decomposition results of mixed pixels; besides, the area error of HABs extracted from the GOCI image is smaller than that from MODIS image; finally, GOCI image can extract the spatial dynamic distribution of HABs in Taihu Lake within 8 h a day, which has higher temporal resolution than the MODIS image. Compared with the NDVI threshold method and LMM method, the inversion accuracy is greatly improved, and the accuracy is stable in different regions. It can provide technical support for the decision-making and assessment of HAB ecological disasters.The longitudinal dispersion coefficient (LDC) of river pollutants is considered as one of the prominent water quality parameters. In this regard, numerous research studies have been conducted in recent years, and various equations have been extracted based on hydrodynamic and geometric elements. LDC's estimated values obtained using different equations reveal a significant uncertainty due to this phenomenon's complexity. In the present study, the crow search algorithm (CSA) is applied to increase the equation's precision by employing evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR) to model an extensive amount of geometrical and hydraulic data. The results indicate that the CSA improves the performance of EPR in terms of R2 (0.8), Willmott's index of agreement (0.93), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (0.77), and overall index (0.84). In addition, the reliability analysis of the proposed equation (i.e., CSA) reduced the failure probability (Pf) when the value of the failure state containing 50 to 600 m2/s is increasing for the Pf determination using the Monte Carlo simulation. The best-fitted function for correct failure probability prediction was the power with R2 = 0.98 compared with linear and exponential functions.Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an important parameter for characterization of the hydrological cycle, and it is also important for agricultural, environmental, and other studies. In this study, by collecting the daily meteorological data of 31 base stations in high-altitude areas of Tibet for 35 consecutive years, the daily reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) of each base station is calculated by the ASCE Penman-Monteith formula. The Mann-Kendall method is applied primarily to test the trend of meteorological elements and ET0. In addition, the software ArcGIS was used to generate spatial interpolation distribution maps of meteorological elements and ET0 so that the spatio-temporal variation trend of each base station is carried out. The ET0 in Shigatse shows an insignificant downward trend, while the other six regions show an upward trend, which is related to temperature and humidity directly with R2 of 0.23 and 0.67. The relative humidity (RH) and sunshine duration (SD) in Tibet show an overall three-step distribution in the east, middle, and west with RH decreasing from east to west and SD increasing from east to west.