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In vivo scaffold replacement of SD rat, sciatic nerves showed that the nerve guide scaffold composed of PLLA/gelatin nanofibers was helpful to the myelination of SCs and the remolding of epineurium in the injured area, which could effectively rehabilitate the motor and sensory functions of the injured nerve and prevent the atrophy of the target muscle tissue. This study showed that the synergistic impact of nano topographical and biochemical clues on designing biomimetic scaffolds could efficiently promote regenerating nerve tissue.Biodegradable strain sensors able to undergo controlled degradation following implantation have recently received significant interest as novel approaches to detect pathological tissue swelling or non-physiological stresses. In this study, the physicomechanical, electrochemical and active pressure sensing behavior of an electrically conductive and biodegradable poly(glycerol sebacate urethane) (PGSU) composite, reinforced with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOTPSS) functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs), was evaluated in vitro. Analysis of these PGSU-CNTs composites demonstrated that the incorporation of functionalized CNTs into a biodegradable elastomer resulted in enhanced mechanical strength, conductivity and tailored matrix biodegradation. PGSU-CNT composites were subsequently formulated into flexible and active pressure sensors which demonstrated optimal sensitivity to applied 1% uniaxial tensile strains. Finally, cytocompatibility analysis a with primary neural culture confirmed that PGSU-CNT composites exhibited low cytotoxicity, and supported neuron adhesion, viability, and proliferation in vitro.Mechanical properties of tissue engineering nanofibrous scaffolds are of importance because they not only determine their ease of application, but also influence the environment for cell growth and proliferation. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are natural renewable nanoparticles that have been widely used for manipulating nanofibers' mechanical properties. Liraglutide In this article, cellulose nanoparticles were incorporated into poly(caprolactone) (PCL) solution, and composite nanofibers were produced. Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW) methodology and X-ray diffraction were used to investigate the effect of CNC incorporation on PCL crystalline structure and its biological properties. Results showed that CNC incorporation up to 1% increases the crystallization activation energy and reduces the crystal volume, while these factors remain constant above this critical concentration. MTT assay and microscopic images of seeded cells on the nanofiber scaffolds indicated increased cell growth on the samples containing CNC. This behavior could be attributed to their greater hydrophilicity, which was confirmed using parallel exponential kinetics (PEK) model fitting to results obtained from dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) studies. Superior performance of CNC containing samples was also confirmed by in vivo implantation on full-thickness wounds. The wound area faded away more rapidly in these samples. H&E and Masson's trichrome staining showed better regeneration and more developed tissues in wounds treated with PCL-CNC1% nanofibers.Thymidine kinase expressing human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (TK-hAMSCs) in combination with ganciclovir (GCV) are an effective platform for antitumor bystander therapy in mice models. However, this strategy requires multiple TK-hAMSCs administrations and a substantial number of cells. Therefore, for clinical translation, it is necessary to find a biocompatible scaffold providing TK-hAMSCs retention in the implantation site against their rapid wash-out. We have developed a microtissue (MT) composed by TKhAMSCs and a scaffold made of polylactic acid microparticles and cell-derived extracellular matrix deposited by hAMSCs. The efficacy of these MTs as vehicles for TK-hAMSCs/GCV bystander therapy was evaluated in a rodent model of human prostate cancer. Subcutaneously implanted MTs were integrated in the surrounding tissue, allowing neovascularization and maintenance of TK-hAMSCs viability. Furthermore, MTs implanted beside tumors allowed TK-hAMSCs migration towards tumor cells and, after GCV administration, inhibited tumor growth. These results indicate that TK-hAMSCs-MTs are promising cell reservoirs for clinical use of therapeutic MSCs in bystander therapies.Polymeric, biodegradable, microspheres (MS) presenting a biomimetic surface of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are currently used for transporting cells and/or encapsulated proteins for regenerative medicine studies. They can be made of (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) or of a more hydrophilic PLGA-P188 (Poloxamer188)-PLGA polymer allowing for the complete release of the therapeutic proteins. They promote stem cell adhesion, cell survival and differentiation after transplantation. Although the biological effectiveness of these microcarriers is established, a detailed understanding of the protein and cell interactions with the microcarrier surface remain unclear due to a lack of information of their surface properties. The aim of this study was to characterize the physicochemical properties of two polymeric MS systems and determine the effect of laminin and poly-d-lysine coated microcarriers on stem cell adhesion, survival and neuronal differentiation. The hydrophobicity and topography of PLGA MS promoted protein adsorption and the stem cells quickly adhered and spread on the surface of these microcarriers. In contrast less proteins adsorbed onto PLGA-P188-PLGA MS and although cells adhered to these microcarriers, they remained round and did not spread on their surface. Despite these early-stage differences, our results suggest that the nature of the MS does not strongly influence the long-term cell behavior. The cells exhibit the same cell number, differentiation profile and ability to secrete ECM molecules regardless of the type of microcarrier used. Likely the ECM molecules that form a microenvironment around both of these 3D microcarrier/cell constructs over time play a role in this converging cell behavior. We have thus furthered our understanding of the physicochemical properties of polymeric cell carriers affecting stem cell behavior to help tailor suitable microcarriers for neuroregenerative applications.