Schmidtbaldwin0617

INTRODUCTION Management of idiopathic overactive bladder (iOAB) after the failure of sacral nerve modulation (SNM) is very challenging. To the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the use of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) after SNM failure for iOAB. The aim of this study is to evaluate the tolerance and efficacy of BoNT-A injection after the failure of SNM for iOAB. METHODS We conducted a retrospective multicentric analysis of all patients who had received either onabotulinumtoxinA or abobotulinumtoxinA intradetrusor injection for iOAB after SNM failure, between January 2004 and December 2017. The primary outcome was the percentage of success of first BoNT-A injection (either resolution of their urinary incontinence or their frequency or more than 50% reduction in frequency). Secondary outcomes were results of urodynamic studies, complications, total number of injections, causes of withdrawal, and subsequent treatment. RESULTS Seventy-six patients (62 female) were included. The percentage of success of first BoNT-A injection was 43.4% (n = 33). All overactive bladder symptoms were significantly improved on the 3-day bladder diary. Twenty-eight patients (36.8%) were put under clean intermittent self-catheterization transitory. After a mean follow-up of 57.7 (±38.5) months, median number of injections was 2 (1-15). Overall, 42 patients (55.2%) stopped injections during follow-up. The estimated 36-months discontinuation-free rate was 48.1%. Mean cause of discontinuation was a primary failure (n = 32; 42.1%). CONCLUSION BoNT-A can be used in SNM nonresponders with a success rate of 43.4% but is associated with a high long-term discontinuation rate. https://www.selleckchem.com/MEK.html © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.AIMS To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Xin Huang Pian skin-patches for patients with acute gouty arthritis. BACKGROUND In China, patients with acute gouty arthritis benefit from skin-patcheses with herbal medicines. But the clinical effects of skin-patches with Xin Huang Pian are rarely reported. DESIGN A Randomized, Double-Blind, Active-Controlled Trial. METHODS The trial was performed from January 2015 - December 2018 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University in China. It was conducted with one intervention group (skin-patches of Xin Huang Pian, N =30) and one active control group (skin patches of Diclofenac Diethylamine Emulgel, N = 31). Participants and study investigators were both blinded to the treatment assignments. The primary outcomes were the improvement of joints' symptoms. The secondary outcomes were changes in white blood cells, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein. RESULTS Skin-patches of Xin Huang Pian showed quick effect on decreasing joint pain at thritis may benefit from skin-patches of Xin Huang Pian for effective relief from joint pain and swelling. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.All mammalian species depend on the placenta, a transient organ, for exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste between the mother and conceptus. Besides serving as a conduit for such exchanges, the placenta produces hormones and other factors that influence maternal physiology and fetal development. To meet all of these adaptations, the placenta has evolved to become the most structurally diverse organ within all mammalian taxa. However, commonalities exist as to how placental responses promote survival against in utero threats and can alter the trajectory of fetal development, in particular the brain. Increasing evidence suggests that reactions of the  placenta to various in utero stressors may lead to long-standing health outcomes, otherwise considered developmental origin of health and disease effects. Besides transferring nutrients and gases, the placenta produces neurotransmitters, including serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine/epinephrine, that may circulate and influence brain development. Neurobehavioral disorders, such as autism spectrum disorders, likely trace their origins back to placental disturbances. This intimate relationship between the placenta and brain has led to coinage of the term, the placenta-brain-axis. This axis will be the focus herein, including how conceptus sex might influence it, and technologies employed to parse out the effects of placental-specific transcript expression changes on later neurobehavioral disorders. Ultimately, the placenta might provide a historical record of in utero threats the fetus confronted and a roadmap to understand how placenta responses to such encounters impacts the placental-brain-axis. Improved early diagnostic and preventative approaches may thereby be designed to mitigate such placental disruptions. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND AND AIM DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification that can promote the development of various cancers. The STAT1 and SOCS3 have been observed to be hypermethylated in tumor tissues and peripheral blood. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the methylation status of the STAT1 and SOCS3 in peripheral blood and gastric cancer (GC). METHODS This hospital-based case-control study involved 372 patients with GC and 379 controls. The methylation status of the STAT1 and SOCS3 was semiquantitatively determined using the methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting method. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the STAT1 and SOCS3 methylation status and GC susceptibility. Moreover, propensity scores were used to control confounding factors. RESULTS Compared with negative methylation, the positive methylation of SOCS3 significantly increased the risk of GC (ORa  = 1.820, 95% CI 1.247-2.658, P = 0.002). This trend was also found via stratified analysis, and methylation positivity of the SOCS3 significantly increased the risk of GC in the less then  60 years group, in the ≥ 60 years group, and in the positive Helicobacter pylori infection group (ORa  = 1.654, 95% CI 1.029-2.660, P = 0.038; ORa  = 1.957, 95% CI 1.136-3.376, P = 0.016; ORa  = 2.084, 95% CI 1.270-3.422, P = 0.004, respectively). Additionally, no significant association was found between STAT1 methylation and GC risk (ORa  = 0.646, 95% CI 0.363-1.147, P = 0.135). This study found that the interaction between the methylation status of STAT1 and SOCS3 and environmental factors did not have an impact on GC risk. CONCLUSION SOCS3 methylation may serve as a new potential biomarker for GC susceptibility. © 2020 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.