Bockryan0832

Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide IgG antibodies (anti-CCP) are produced as an immune response in the presence of post-translational modified peptides known as cyclic citrullinated peptides (CCP). Anti-CCP have been considered as specific biomarkers for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and due to their high specificity, it is possible to make a differential diagnosis of other rheumatic diseases. These autoantibodies can be detected in the early stages of RA and even up to 10 years before presenting the first symptoms of the disease opening a window of opportunity for timely treatment. In this work, a simple straight channel microdevice and CCP conjugated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs-CCP) as solid support was developed for quantifying anti-CCP. An additional microdevice with an optical flow Z cell design coupled with optical fibers was used to perform the spectrophotometric detection. The dynamic range of concentrations was determined between 0.70 and 2000 U mL-1 with a limit of detection of 0.70 U mL-1. The developed microdevice immunoassay was probed using a positive control and a negative control of plasma employing only 6 μL of both samples and reagents. The results showed that the proposed microdevice was almost nine times faster than using a commercial anti-CCP ELISA kit obtaining equivalent results and being 16 times more sensitive. The microdevice immunoassay, with conjugated MNPs-CCP is a simple method for anti-CCP quantification being cheaper, faster, and more sensitive than the ELISA kit.Phage therapy could offer a safe and effective alternative to antibiotic treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus that have emerged as a significant threat in hospital and community environment and is attracting growing interest among clinicians. The legislation process of approving the phage therapeutics by pharmaceutical authorities requires rapid analytical techniques for assessment of phage activity. Here, we present a three-step method for on-line monitoring the phage effect on bacterial cells dynamically adhered from microliter volumes of high conductivity matrix onto the inner surface of fused silica capillary with a part etched with supercritical water. Metabolism inhibitor Phage K1/420 particles of the Kayvirus genus generated by propagation on the host S. aureus cells together with the uninfected cells were concentrated, separated and detected using capillary electrophoretic methods. The phage interactions with selected S. aureus strains exhibiting differences in phage susceptibility were compared. The method allowed determination of the phage burst size and time of phage latent period in analyzed strains. Apart from enumeration of bacteriophages by the plaque assays, the proposed method is suitable for phage activity testing.A novel vortex-assisted solid-phase extraction method based on MIL-68(Al)/Chitosan-melamine sponge column (or V-MIL-68(Al)/CS-SC-SPE) is presented in this paper. The MIL-68(Al)/Chitosan-sponge column was prepared by a simple infiltration method and a preparation process that does not consume organic solvents. Scanning electron microscopy was used to characterize the functionalized sponge columns, and the skeleton and pores of the melamine sponge were successfully modified with the coating material (MIL-68(Al) and chitosan). Chitosan was used successfully not only as an adsorption adjuvant material, but also as an adhesive in the preparation of MIL-68(Al)/CS coating sponge materials. The presented method was further combined with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and used in the determination of trace parabens (including methyl-, ethyl-, propyl- and butyl-parabens) in environmental water samples. Several important factors that affect the extraction performance were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, the method was successfully used to detect the four kinds of parabens in different water samples (domestic water, lake water and river water). The limits of detection ranged between 0.21 and 0.50 ng/mL, and the relative standard deviations for all parabens were below 10.8%.Three intelligent chemometric multi-way calibration methods including alternating trilinear decomposition (ATLD), alternating trilinear decomposition assisted multivariate curve resolution (ATLD-MCR) and multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) combined with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) were used to quantify ten molecular targeted anti-tumor drugs in three complex biological matrices (plasma, urine and cell culture media matrices). All analytes can be successfully eluted in 6.5 min. In this experiment, various degrees of time shifts occurred in different samples. While slight time shifts exist in the chromatographic analysis, satisfactory results can be obtained by the three proposed methods. When the time shift was large (5.6 s), the average spiked recoveries obtained by ATLD analysis were in the range of 58.9%-116.5%, which was less than satisfactory. However, the average recoveries obtained by MCR-ALS and ATLD-MCR analysis were 89.8%-114.8% and 84.5%-106.1% respectively, and more satisfactory results were obtained. For further research, ATLD-MCR and MCR-ALS methods were compared, and the results were evaluated by statistical tests. Accuracies of concentrations obtained by them were considered to be no significant difference. In addition, compared with other methods currently published, the proposed chemometric methods combined with the HPLC-DAD can rapidly, simultaneously and accurately determine varieties of molecular targeted anti-tumor drugs in different complex biological matrices even in the presence of severe peak overlaps, severe time shifts, slight baseline drifts and different unknown background interferences.Herein, a two dimensional metal-organic framework (2D MOF) is introduced as an efficient adsorbent for simultaneously extraction of fluoroquinolones (FQs) from milk samples. The proposed MOF was synthesized by solvothermal method. The high surface area and high accessible sites of prepared MOF offered a unique adsorbent for solid phase extraction (SPE). The experiments showed the great ability of 2D MOF for the retention of ofloxacin (OF), ciprofloxacin (CIP) and norfloxacin (NOR). It was also found that acetic acid (ACA) solution can effectively elute the adsorbed FQs with a high recovery, eliminating the need for other toxic organic elution solvents, which are utilized for the common C18 cartridges. A 3D printed microchip containing a microcolumn was also examined for the SPE process using magnetic composite of 2D MOF, which was fix inside the column using simple magnet. The extracted analytes were gathered to be analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), as the potent detection system.