Baxterflores7239

© 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.INTRODUCTION Various biopsychosocial factors affect women's preferences with respect to mode of birth, but they are usually not examined simultaneously and prospectively. In the current study, we assessed the contribution of personal characteristics of first-time mothers, their prior prenatal perceptions, events during birth, and subjective birth experiences, on their preference about mode of second birth. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of two prospective birth cohort studies. Participants included 832 primiparous women recruited mostly from women's health centers in Israel, and through natural birth communities and cesarean birth websites. Women completed questionnaires prenatally and were followed up at 6-8 weeks postpartum to understand their preferences for a second birth. RESULTS Regression models indicated that after vaginal first birth, being less religious, believing that birth is a medical process, and having a negative experience increased the odds of preferring primary cesarean for the second birth. After cesarean birth, being more religious, having higher education, conceiving spontaneously, having a more negative birth experience, and perceiving better treatment from the staff during birth contributed to preferring vaginal birth for the second birth. CONCLUSIONS Religiosity is central to women's preferences, probably because of its association with the desire to have many children. Modifiable factors, such as women's beliefs about the nature of birth, their overall birth experience, and their perceived treatment from the staff, could influence the uptake of having vaginal births. Intrapartum care that is empathic and encouraging, along with education about modes of birth, could help decrease cesarean birth rates. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The connection between circular RNAs (circRNAs) and gastric cancer has been reported widely in recent years. However, previous studies have focused mainly on circRNAs from gastric cancer tissue. The objectives of the present study were to detect dysregulated circRNAs from both tissue and plasma of patients with gastric cancer and to explore their potential roles in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Expression profiles of circRNAs were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and analyzed using the GEO2R tool to identify differential expressed circRNAs. The significance threshold was set as |log2 (fold change)| > 2 and adjusted P  less then  .05. The microRNA (miRNA) binding sites of the differentially expressed circRNAs were predicted using the Circular RNA Interactome web tool. TargetScan and the miRNet database were used to predict the miRNA target genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were performed using Database for Annotation Visualization and Integrated Discovery. Hub genes were identified and a network was constructed with Cytoscape. The overall survival rates for the selected miRNAs and messenger RNAs were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier Plotter. A total of three downregulated circRNAs (hsa_circ_0001190, hsa_circ_0036287, and hsa_circ_0048607) were identified in this study. Six miRNAs and eight hub genes met the significance criteria and were selected for further analysis. A circRNA-miRNA-hub gene network was constructed based on three circRNAs, six miRNAs, and eight hub genes. Evaluation of overall survival rates for the hub genes showed that low expression levels of GADD45A, PPP1CB, PJA2, and KLF2 were associated with poor overall survival. This study identified potential novel plasma circRNA biomarkers and provides insights into the underlying mechanisms of gastric cancer pathogenesis. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.BACKGROUND A respectful, person-centered philosophy of maternity care has been emerging over several decades. Research conducted on behalf of the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) to identify essential competencies for midwifery practice also identified the knowledge, skills, and professional behaviors that should be hallmarks of respectful maternity care practices among the global community of midwives. METHODS A three-round, online, modified Delphi survey was conducted between April 2016 and October 2016. A total of 895 individuals from 90 of the then-current 105 ICM member countries participated, with good representation across English, French, and Spanish speakers, high-income, medium-income, and low-income countries, and educators and clinicians. RESULTS A total of 115 respectful maternity care (RMC)-related items were endorsed by participants in Round 1 or 2. Tat-beclin 1 concentration These items received average scores of between 90.24% and 99.10%, well above the 85% threshold required to be identified as within the scope of global midwifery practice. These items were compared with the 12 domains of RMC identified by Shakibazadeh and colleagues that defined respectful care during childbirth in health facilities globally, and with similar RMC frameworks, and were found to be highly congruent, thus demonstrating the high value of RMC within the core of midwifery practice. DISCUSSION ICM survey items were endorsed across all 12 RMC domains proposed by Shakibazadeh et al, and the findings affirmed that across ICM countries and regions, the philosophy of RMC was integrally related to the knowledge, skills, and professional behaviors that emerged as essential for basic midwifery practice. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive agent that is used to prevent organ rejection after organ transplantation. Due to the widespread use of this type of surgery, the effect of cyclosporine on reproduction and fertility should have a specific interest. Our aim was to assess the effect of carvedilol and/or alpha-lipoic acid on cyclosporine-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into six equal groups Control; cyclosporine; cyclosporine + carvedilol; cyclosporine + alpha-lipoic acid; cyclosporine + carboxymethyl cellulose; and cyclosporine + carvedilol +alpha-lipoic acid. Food intake, testis weight, testicular functions, serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were measured. Also, testicular tissue 3 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17 β- hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, paroxonase-1, proinflammatory cytokines, transforming growth factor beta-1, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)/Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) content and sperm characteristics were determined.