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The present study analyzes at the national level, the presence of circulating Legionella in the artificial aquatic systems of different facilities of all of them state-owned centers throughout Spain for 12 months. 1754 water samples from various state-owned centers were collected from January to December 2014. Samples were collected from the cooling towers and evaporative condensers (CTC), and water distribution networks such as domestic hot water (DHW), cold water for human consumption (CW), sprinkler irrigation systems (SIS), fire sprinkler systems (FSS), and water from decorative fountains (DF). All these facilities are considered, according to current regulations, as potential amplifying systems for bacteria and possible sources of infection by the generation of droplets and aerosols. Acetylcysteine supplier The isolation and counting of Legionella in water samples was carried out using microbiological culture following the international normative UNE-EN-ISO 11,7312007 (ISO 11,7311998) and UNE-EN ISO 81992008 (ISO 81992005).The dy concludes that the presence of Legionella pneumophila and Legionella non-pneumophila species in these systems can be a potential threat to public health and should be examined thoroughly with complementary techniques, such as molecular techniques as a screen for routine diagnosis.Feathers regenerate through proliferation of cells derived from follicle stem cells. Immunoloblotting for telomerase in chick embryonic and juvenile feathers shows immunopositive bands around 100 kDa, 75 and 60 kDa only in embryonic feathers, indicating fragmentation of the protein due to physiological processing or artifacts derived from protein extraction. Immunolabeling for telomerase is present in the cytoplasm and nuclei of cells of the collar epithelium and bulge located in the follicle, and in sparse cells of the dermal papilla. PCNA-immunolabeling indicates that the collar and dermal papilla contain numerous proliferating cells, including the ramogenic zone where barb ridges are formed. Ultrastructural labeling indicates that a telomerase-like protein or its fragment is localized in nucleoli and in sparse nuclear clumps, likely representing Cajal bodies. The cytoplasm shows sparse immune-gold particles, also associated to mitochondria and sparse keratin filaments. An intense labeling is present in some areas of condensing chromosomes in dividing cells. Since telomerase positive cells are also seen in suprabasal layers of the collar epithelium and in the ramogenic zone, it is suggested that they represent dividing cells, most likely transit amplifying cells that give rise to the corneocytes of feathers. The significance of telomerase localization in chromatin is unknown.

To assess the psychometric properties of the Fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S) scale and to determine its associated factors among the Pakistani patients with diabetes.

This observational study was conducted in 24-h helpline service, a department of Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology (BIDE). Study duration was from August to September 2020. The target population was registered adult patients with type 2 diabetes aged >16 years. Baseline demographic details were obtained from hospital management system of BIDE. Forward-backward translation method was used to translate the existing Fear scale (FCV-19S). Symptoms of depressive disorder were assessed through Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9).

Total of 380 participants with mean age 51.93±12.03 years contributed in the study. Three factors loading and item correlation of fear COVID-19 explained 96% of total variance having unidimensional Cronbach's alpha of 0.881. All demographic indicators that showed significance in univariate model were included in multivariate model. Females had more fear for COVID-19 compared to males (OR=1.73, 95% CI (1.15-2.6)), whereas current smokers had also showed 4 times more fear than non-smokers (OR=4.19, 95% CI (1.18-14.83). Depression assessed by PHQ9 showed maximum fear of COVID-19 in participants with moderate depression.

FCV-19S had adequate psychometric properties for assessing effects of pandemic in people with diabetes attending tertiary care center.

FCV-19S had adequate psychometric properties for assessing effects of pandemic in people with diabetes attending tertiary care center.

Worldwide, many diabetes cases are occurring mainly due to lifestyle risk factors. Hence, to quantify and compare the attributable burden of key modifiable risk factors associated with increased Blood Glucose (BG) among Indian states and districts.

The study used the National Family Health Survey (2015-16) data to estimate Population Attributable Risk (PAR) for increased BG (>140mg/dl) among men aged 15-54 years in 640 districts of 36 States/Union Territories (UTs), India. We have considered three key modifiable factors such as high Body Mass Index (BMI), use of tobacco and alcohol. Population Attributable Risk techniques were employed to address the attributable burden of increased blood glucose due to modifiable risk factors.

Substantial variations were found in the burden of increased BG due to high BMI, alcohol and tobacco use in India. The overall burden of increased BG due to high BMI, tobacco and alcohol in India was 28.5%, 2.1% and 6.4%, respectively. Regional variations in BG were found in high BMI, tobacco and alcohol consumption groups. The high burden of increased BG related to the above key modifiable risk factors mostly seen in North-Eastern' districts due to alcohol, Southern and Northern' districts was due to high BMI. However, the higher burden due to tobacco was reported in Central, Eastern and North-Eastern' districts.

Three modifiable risk factors are contributing significantly to increased BG among men. Since there are regional differences in their contributions, state/district, specific targeted interventions may be necessary to control increased BG among men in India.

Three modifiable risk factors are contributing significantly to increased BG among men. Since there are regional differences in their contributions, state/district, specific targeted interventions may be necessary to control increased BG among men in India.