Buttmelendez2005

Three kinds of Al flyer plates with different nanostructured absorption layers were in situ prepared by a direct laser writing technology to improve the energy conversion efficiency in a laser-driven flyer assembly. Microstructures, light absorption, and flyer velocity in the acceleration chamber were investigated. The reflectance for the flyers at 1064-nm wavelength can be reduced from 81.3 to 9.8% by the nanostructured absorption layer. The terminal velocity of a 50-μm-thick Al flyer irradiated by a 60-mJ laser pulse is 831 m/s, while the velocity of the flyer with an in situ-fabricated nano-absorption layer reaches up to 1113 m/s at the same condition. Resultantly, the energy conversion efficiency of the flyer with a nanostructure absorption layer can reach as high as 1.99 times that of the Al flyer. Therefore, the nanostructured absorption layer in situ prepared on the surface of a flyer provides a new method to significantly improve the energy conversion efficiency of a laser-driven flyer.In this paper we tried to deepen Zagaria, Andò and Zennaro's reflection on the problem of integrating psychology in their paper "Psychology A Giant with Feet of Clay" (Zagaria et al. Integrative Psychological and Behavioral Science, 54, 3, 2020). Psychology obtained this question from the uniqueness of its objects and it is an unavoidable question because of the social reality of modernity. selleck kinase inhibitor We went back to the philosophical transitions on subject and proposed that Karl Marx's thinking on the subjectivity of objective faculties can be the first principle for different schools and sub-disciplines, as it conceptualizes human beings as natural beings but with its consciousness of being from its social praxis. Thus, it provides a starting point of humanized psychology. Further direction and tasks for psychology is also examined under a call of psychology going back and entering into the life world.Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common liver cancer and featured with prominent disparity in incidence and mortality rate between male and female. It remains unclear whether alterations of phospholipids (PL) in hepatic tissues contribute to the pathogenesis, progression, and disparity of HCC. Methods Using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), PL profiles including 320 individual phospholipid species in 13 PL classes were determined in paired samples from HCC and adjacent benign hepatic tissues (BHT). Results (1) Concentrations of PLs in most of individual species, in subgroups and in total were decreased in HCC than in BHT in all studied population; (2) the number of individual PL species significantly different between HCC and BHT, and the number of PLs in six subgroups and in total decreased in HCC were more in male population than in female population; (3) panels of PL parameters (more in male population than in female population) were identified as biomarkers in differentiation of HCC from BHT, and in the prediction of pathological grade and clinical stage of HCC with high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. Conclusion It is concluded that alterations of PLs in hepatic tissues play important roles in pathogenesis, progression, and gender disparity of HCC.Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is considered leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to examine the association of IL-6 and IL-10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with the progression of chronic HCV (CHC) infection to cirrhosis and HCC. For comparative purposes, four groups were enrolled; chronic HCV group (CHC, n = 22), HCV-related liver cirrhosis group (HCV-LC, n = 22), HCV-related HCC group (HCV-HCC, n = 54), and an apparently healthy control group (controls, n = 48). HCC diagnosis and staging were in concordance to Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) staging system. IL-6 rs-1474347 and IL-10 rs-1800896 genotyping was performed by allelic (VIC- and FAM-labeled) discrimination method using assay-on-demand TaqMan real-time PCR assays. For IL-6 rs1474347, the AA genotype was more frequent in CHC, HCV-LC, and HCV-HCC compared to controls. Also, the IL-6 rs1474347 AC genotype was favorable for the progression of HCV chronic infection to cirrhosis and HCC. On the other hand, the IL-10 rs1800896 TT genotype was found to be prominent in the HCC group. Additionally, the IL-10 rs180096 TT genotype was favorable for the progression of chronic HCV infection to cirrhosis and HCC. Furthermore, higher levels of AFP were observed in HCC patients with IL-6 rs1474347 AA genotype and HCC patients with IL-10 rs1800896 CC and TT genotypes. Screening for IL-6 rs 1474347 AC genotype and IL-10 rs180096 TT genotype as well as the determination of AFP level showed to be good markers for examining the susceptibility of HCV Egyptian patients to develop cirrhosis and HCC.Stimuli from stressful events, attention in the classroom, and many other experiences affect the functionality of the brain by changing the structure or reorganizing the connections between neurons and their communication. Modification of the synaptic transmission is a vital mechanism for generating neural activity via internal or external stimuli. Neuronal plasticity is an important driving force in neuroscience research, as it is the basic process underlying learning and memory and is involved in many other functions including brain development and homeostasis, sensorial training, and recovery from brain injury. Indeed, neuronal plasticity has been explored in numerous studies, but it is still not clear how neuronal plasticity affects the physiology and morphology of the brain. Thus, unraveling the molecular mechanisms of neuronal plasticity is essential for understanding the operation of brain functions. In this timeline review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying different forms of synaptic plasticity and their association with neurodegenerative/neurological disorders as a consequence of alterations in neuronal plasticity.Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a multifactorial disorder caused by environmental and genetic factors. Studies have shown that various single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the binding sites of microRNAs contribute to the risk of developing SCZ. We aimed to investigate whether the variants located in the 3'-UTR region of LIF (rs929271T>G) and ATF6B (rs8283G>A) were associated with increased susceptibility to SCZ in a population from the south-east of Iran. In this case-control study, a total of 396 subjects were recruited. SNPs were genotyped via polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Genotyping results showed that the G allele of rs929271 significantly increased the risk of SCZ (OR = 1.58 95%CI = 1.19-2.10, p = 0.001). As for rs929271, the GG genotype of co-dominant (OR = 2.54 95%CI = 1.39-4.64, p = 0.002) and recessive (OR = 2.91 95%CI = 1.77-4.80, p less then 0.001) models were strongly linked to SCZ. No significant differences were observed between rs8283 polymorphism and predisposition to SCZ.