Reedharper4023

The use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) in biomedical research has expanded at a tremendous rate over the last two decades. Along with increases in laboratories using this model, we are discovering new and important diseases. We review here the important pathogens and diseases based on some 20 years of research and findings from our diagnostic service at the NIH-funded Zebrafish International Resource Center. Descriptions of the present status of biosecurity programmes and diagnostic and treatment approaches are included. The most common and important diseases and pathogens are two parasites, Pseudoloma neurophilia and Pseudocapillaria tomentosa, and mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium chelonae, M. marinum and M. haemophilum. Less common but deadly diseases are caused by Edwardsiella ictaluri and infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV). Hepatic megalocytosis and egg-associated inflammation and fibroplasia are common, apparently non-infectious, in zebrafish laboratories. Water quality diseases include supersaturation and nephrocalcinosis. Common neoplasms are spindle cell sarcomas, ultimobranchial tumours, spermatocytic seminomas and a small-cell carcinoma that is caused by a transmissible agent. Despite the clear biosecurity risk, researchers continue to use fish from pet stores, and here, we document two novel coccidia associated with significant lesions in zebrafish from one of these stores. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.This article features a partnership between a veterinary school and a charity that aims to enhance the wellbeing of low-income people. Through this partnership, the charity periodically hosts veterinary clinics for clients and their pets. Even as the veterinarians and veterinary students duly examine people's pets, these pop-up clinics aim to help people and their pets. Hence our analysis revolves around the ethics of 'more-than-human solidarity'. By 'more-than-human solidarity', we mean efforts to help others that either center on or that implicate non-human beings. To delve into the ethical and sociological implications of subsidised veterinary services, and to assist with program planning, we conducted several in-depth interviews with veterinarians. Most substantively, we found that the veterinary school's outreach clinics give rise to multi-species biographical value, which is prized as a pedagogical resource for veterinary students. The veterinarians whom we interviewed felt troubled by the extent to which the pop-up clinics ultimately benefited the veterinary school, but also by the shortage of subsidised veterinary services in the vicinity. Based on these interviews and our own reflections, we invite more scholarship on cultural, economic and political influences that shape the lives of human beings and non-human animals alike. © 2020 Foundation for the Sociology of Health & Illness.PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the relationship of the spiritual orientation of nurses with compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction of nurses working in two large hospitals. DESIGN AND METHODS This was a descriptive relational study conducted in Atatürk University Research Hospital between April and September 2016. Data were collected from 379 volunteer nurses using the convenience sampling method. A questionnaire, Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL) R-IV and Spiritual Orientation Inventory (SOI) were used to collect the research data. FINDINGS It was found that 55.7% of nurses were aged 18 to 27 years, 74.1% of nurses were females. The professional satisfaction of the nurses was high, with low rates of burnout and compassion fatigue. The spiritual orientation of the nurses was high according to the average SOI total score (98.83 ± 15.04). The mean score for compassion fatigue was 21.50 ± 8.69, and the mean score for compassion satisfaction was 34.10 ± 9.91. The mean score for burnout was 19.83 ± 6.39. Siremadlin cell line PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nurses' compassion fatigue, burnout and compassion satisfaction should be evaluated regularly. The results revealed no correlation between spiritual orientation and these parameters. Studies investigating compassion fatigue among nurses should question the time nurses spend on themselves and leisure time. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Gill parasitic infections challenge farming of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) in freshwater facilities. Apart from flagellates (Ichthyobodo, (Pinto) and ciliates (Ichthyophthirius (Fouquet), Ambiphrya (Raabe), Apiosoma (Blanchard), Trichodinella (Sramek-Husek) and Trichodina (Ehrenberg)), we have shown that amoebae are prevalent in Danish trout farms. Gills were isolated from farmed rainbow trout in six fish farms (conventional and organic earth pond and recirculated systems) and placed on non-nutrient agar (NNA) moistened with modified Neff's amoeba saline (AS) (15°C). Gill amoebae from all examined fish colonized the agar and were identified based on morphological criteria showing species within the genera Trinema (Dujardin) (family Trinematidae), Vannella (Bovee) (family Vannellidae). In addition, hartmannellid amoebae were recorded. We established a monoculture of Vannella sp., confirmed the genus identity by PCR and sequencing and performed an in vitro determination of antiparasitic effects (dose-response studies) of various compounds including sodium chloride (NaCl), hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, formalin, aqueous garlic and oregano extracts and a Pseudomonas H6 surfactant. All amoebae were killed in concentrations of 16.90 mg/ml (garlic), 17.90 mg/ml (oregano), NaCl (7.5 mg/ml), hydrogen peroxide (100 µg/ml), peracetic acid (0.03 µg/ml), formaldehyde (25 µg/ml) and the Pseudomonas H6 surfactant (250 µg/ml). © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.BACKGROUND Phase III trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC), but few real-world data are currently available. AIM To assess short-term effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in patients with UC. METHODS From January to September 2019, all patients with UC treated with ustekinumab in 20 French GETAID centres were retrospectively included. The primary outcome was steroid-free clinical remission (partial Mayo Clinic score ≤2) at weeks 12-16 without a rectal bleeding subscore >1. RESULTS Among the 103 patients included, 70% had been previously exposed to ≥2 anti-TNF agents and 85% to vedolizumab. At weeks 12-16, steroid-free clinical remission and clinical remission rates were 35.0% and 39.8% respectively; the absence of rectal bleeding with normal stool frequency was noted in 19.4% of patients. Two patients discontinued ustekinumab before the week 12-16 visit and underwent surgery. In multivariable analysis, a partial Mayo Clinic score >6 at inclusion (18.