Waughmcconnell4059

Reduced feed fines reduced AMEn when the dietary enzyme cocktail was not present. The feed formulation with 60% CP SBM resulted in a lower FI and an improved FCR. The enzyme cocktail interacted synergistically with screening and fed SBM source factors on the AMEn and FCR. It was concluded that both the feed form and quality, as used in this study, affect poult performance.The present study aimed to ascertain the effects of slow-growing breeder age on embryo development, incubation results, and chick quality and of the interaction between breeder age and hatching time on initial performance. A total of 630 hatching eggs obtained from a commercial flock of slow-growing broiler breeders (Isa Label Naked Neck) were evaluated in 2 experiments. The first experiment evaluated embryo development and hatching results for broiler breeder age treatments of 38 and 51 wk, whereas the second experiment evaluated broiler chick performance. For the second experiment, chicks were distributed in a 2 x 2 factorial randomized block (sex) experimental design consisting of 2 breeder ages (31 or 58 wk) and 2 hatching times (479-485 and 491-497 h). At 18 d of embryonic development, embryos of 51-wk-old breeders were larger than those of 38-wk-old breeders (P 0.05); however, chicks hatching at 491-497 h had better performance from 1 to 28 d than did chicks hatching at 479-485 h (P less then 0.05). In conclusion, the age of slow-growing breeders affects embryo villi development and chick weight but does not improve incubation results or chick quality. Chicks hatching later (491-497 h) had better performance results than chicks hatching earlier (479-485 h).Feather pecking and cannibalism are 2 major problems in laying hens' husbandry. Although additional environmental enrichment material (EM) supply is thought to lessen these problems, consistent evidences are lacking. This study examined the effects of EM supply (pecking stones and alfalfa bales) on biological performance, carcass composition, and animal losses in a littered housing system. 2,000 brown-egg and 2,000 white-egg layer hen pullets of the genetic strains Lohmann Brown classic and Lohmann Selected Leghorn classic, respectively, were reared separately in a 16-compartment aviary system until week 18. 1,320 remaining laying hens were then transferred to a 44-compartment laying stable (weeks 19-48). Both strains were tested under 4 treatment variants (n = 150-180 per strain and per variant) V1-no EM over the entire study period; V2-the rearing period with and the laying period without EM; V3-the rearing period without and the laying period with EM; V4-EM over the entire study period. Tamoxifen solubility dmso Data on developmenture to increase laying performance and reduce animal losses, but its positive effects on animal welfare should be considered.Bedding material or litter is an important requirement of meat chicken production which can influence bird welfare, health, and food safety. A substantial increase in demand and cost of chicken bedding has stimulated interest in alternative bedding sources worldwide. However, risks arising from the use of alternative bedding materials for raising meat chickens are currently unknown. Organic chemicals, elemental, and biological contaminants, as well as physical and management hazards need to be managed in litter to protect the health of chickens and consequently that of human consumers. This requires access to information on the transfer of contaminants from litter to food to inform risk profiles and assessments to guide litter risk management. In this review, contaminants and hazards of known and potential concern in alternative bedding are described and compared with existing standards for feed. The contaminants considered in this review include organic chemical contaminants (e.g., pesticides), elemental contaminants (e.g., arsenic, cadmium, and lead), biological contaminants (phytotoxins, mycotoxins, and microorganisms), physical hazards, and management hazards. Reference is made to scientific literature for acceptable levels of the above contaminants in chicken feed that can be used for guidance by those involved in selecting and using bedding materials.In recent years, the avian hepatitis E virus (HEV) has been widely spread in China, causing huge economic losses. Several studies have carried out detailed epidemiologic investigations of the avian HEV, but no data were from Jiangxi province. Since early April 2020, diseases similar to hepatic rupture hemorrhage syndrome caused by the avian HEV occurred in a Roman Brown layer farm in Jiangxi province, indicating this virus may also be epidemic there. To make this assumption clear, 20 liver samples were collected from the sick flock and then analyzed by detailed viral detection, which confirmed that the avian HEV should be responsible for the aforementioned disease (6 of 20). Then, the capsid gene of the virus was sequenced to show the molecular characteristics of the strain circulating in the aforementioned flock. Sequence comparison showed that it shared 80.7 to 94.7% identities with 12 published strains, while phylogenetic analysis confirmed that it belongs to a new subtype of genotype 3. Moreover, basing on a 242 bp fragment, the novel also shared high similarities to reference strains identified as genotypes before, revealing the genotype 3 maybe very popular in China and even can be divided into several subgroups. In conclusion, a novel avian HEV strain was identified in this study, which belongs to a new subtype of genotype 3. The analysis makes up for the molecular epidemiologic data of avian HEV and provides a basis for further understanding the spread of avian HEV in China.This study evaluates the effects of a zinc-amino acid complex on broiler's intestinal permeability and integrity challenged with Clostridium perfringens. A total of 180 Arbor Acres 1-day-old male broilers were assigned to 6 treatments in a completely randomized 2 × 3 factorial design. The experiment investigated the comparative effects of inorganic and organic zinc supplements, that is (ZnSO4 treatment 80 mg zinc/kg from ZnSO4; iso-dose replacement group. (ISO) treatment40 mg zinc/kg from ZnSO4 plus 40 mg zinc/kg from a zinc-amino acid complex; and organic treatment 40 mg zinc/kg from a zinc-amino acid complex) on C. perfringens-challenged broilers. C. perfringens, on the one hand, compromised intestinal mucosal barrier function by increasing the intestinal permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (P less then 0.05) and plasma endotoxin level, on the other hand, decreased both the transepithelial electrical resistance and the relative expression of occludin levels in the ileum at day 21 (P less then 0.