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too-related infections were uncommon, previous radiation and prepectoral IBR were both found to be independent predictors of tattoo-related breast infection. There is a role for preprocedural prophylactic antibiotics in these patients to mitigate infectious risk.

Breast reconstruction in the prepectoral plane has recently fallen into favor. Minimizing the number of revisionary procedures after reconstruction is an important factor in improving patient care, but long-term studies on the effects of prepectoral reconstruction are limited. In this study, we compare the revision rates after delayed-immediate, autologous reconstruction between prepectoral and subpectoral reconstructions.

Postoperative charts for all patients undergoing subpectoral or prepectoral delayed-immediate autologous breast reconstruction were retrospectively reviewed at our single tertiary-care institution between 2009 and 2018. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and oncologic history were recorded. Charts after second stage reconstruction were reviewed for up to eighteen months to determine if revisions were necessary. Data collected included the total number of surgeries performed, the average number of procedures performed during each surgery, and the type of revision that was performed. Stectoral plane is associated with lower overall rates of revisionary surgery. Rates of soft tissue rearrangement, fat grafting, and nipple reconstruction after autologous reconstruction trended higher in subpectoral reconstructions.

Breast reconstruction performed in the prepectoral plane is associated with lower overall rates of revisionary surgery. Rates of soft tissue rearrangement, fat grafting, and nipple reconstruction after autologous reconstruction trended higher in subpectoral reconstructions.

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges for surgical teaching programs, as operating rooms closed and resources were redirected for patient care. As a result, both educational challenges and opportunities emerged. The objective of this study was to assess the changes used by plastic surgery programs as a result of the pandemic.

A 34-question American Council of Academic Plastic Surgeons-approved survey was distributed on April 29, 2020, to attendings in academic plastic surgery programs in the United States. Variables were controlled whenever multiple attending responses were submitted from the same program.

A total of 113 attendings, including 30 (27.8%) program directors, responded to the survey. Most respondents were located in the northeast (41.4%). The average percentage of elective case volume was 23% of pre-COVID states. Those who reported a decrease in emergent surgical case volume (55.2%) estimated it to be at an average of 45% of the normal. Almost all the respondents (95.6%) agreed that they were working fewer hours than usual, and 40.9% of those reported a decrease of more than 20 hours per week of work. Most attendings (82.1%) also reported a decrease in their monthly salary. The percentage projected current salary compared with normal was 85%.

Our survey data suggest that academic plastic surgery programs have had impactful changes to their operative and educational schedules, teaching, revenue, and patient care. The data described in this study could be used as a baseline for future pandemics affecting plastic surgery programs to help strategize their operational and educational structures.

Our survey data suggest that academic plastic surgery programs have had impactful changes to their operative and educational schedules, teaching, revenue, and patient care. The data described in this study could be used as a baseline for future pandemics affecting plastic surgery programs to help strategize their operational and educational structures.

Conducting research during specialty training provides an opportunity to develop critical thinking and leadership skills along with a better understanding of the scientific literature. However, trainees often find it difficult to undertake research, in the context of labor-intensive surgical training. The aim of this study is to evaluate the research output and limitations of plastic surgery residents in different countries.

An international cross-sectional study involving plastic surgery trainees and recent postgraduates from Brazil, Chile, Germany, and the United Kingdom was conducted. A survey inquiring into academic productivity, limitations to conducting research, and working-hours patterns was distributed among eligible participants.

From September to December 2019, 106 surveys were retrieved. Most respondents declared having participated in at least 1 project that resulted in a presentation or publication during their training (90.6% in national presentations, 68% international presentations, 67%cally oriented trainees to further develop their research skills. Protected time and adequate mentoring can help not only to increase residents' research output, but also to recruit the next generation of academic plastic surgeons.

Interest in labiaplasty as a way to alter and improve genital appearance has been on the rise. Labiaplasty procedures can be performed in the office setting under local anesthesia. However, these procedures are often performed under general anesthesia for patient comfort and to facilitate the operative technique and to potentially improve outcomes. ABR-238901 mw Outcomes after labiaplasty performed under general anesthesia as compared with that performed under local anesthesia in the office setting have not been well-defined. This article aimed to compare outcomes after central wedge labiaplasty performed under general anesthesia versus that performed under local anesthesia.

A retrospective chart review identified patients who underwent central wedge labiaplasty performed by a single surgeon from 2011 to 2019. Demographic, clinical, and operative information were reviewed and recorded. Outcomes were assessed by evaluating postoperative complications and the need for revision surgery.

Thirty-two women with a mean age ications after labiaplasty performed under general or local anesthesia. Outcomes after labiaplasty performed under general anesthesia were comparable to those performed under local anesthesia. Further studies are needed to assess outcomes after labiaplasty performed under general anesthesia versus that performed under local anesthesia.

Postoperative asymmetry and dehiscence were the most common complications after labiaplasty performed under general or local anesthesia. Outcomes after labiaplasty performed under general anesthesia were comparable to those performed under local anesthesia. Further studies are needed to assess outcomes after labiaplasty performed under general anesthesia versus that performed under local anesthesia.