Murdockmcintyre2820

MOG-IgG optic neuritis may present with relatively preserved visual function even at its nadir. Observation may be a reasonable strategy for these patients.We present a case with an atypical presentation of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD) presenting with optic neuritis, short-segment transverse myelitis, and significant lymphocytic pleocytosis. The degree of lymphocytic pleocytosis in this case was unusually high and prompted extensive workup. Broad infectious and neoplastic work-up was unremarkable and raised the concern for aseptic meningitis. A literature review was performed of similar cases with documented CSF labs (see Table 1), which demonstrates the unique and significant pleocytosis noted in this case.

There is no validation study evaluating 2015 International Panel for neuromyelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorders (NMOSD) diagnosis (IPND) criteria in Chinese population. The association of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin-G (MOG-IgG) with NMOSD was also not investigated in previous validation studies. Hence, we aimed to validate the 2015 NMOSD criteria in a cohort of Chinese patients, and to assess the association between MOG-IgG and NMOSD.

We applied both the 2006 NMO and the 2015 NMOSD diagnostic criteria to all suspected NMOSD inpatients at the Department of Neurology of Chinese PLA general hospital diagnosed between 2016 and 2019. Demographics, core clinical features, AQP4-IgG and MOG-IgG status were retrieved and analyzed.

A total of 185 patients fulfilling the 2015 NMOSD criteria (154 AQP4-IgG positive, 23 AQP4-IgG negative, 8 AQP4-IgG status unknown) were included, whereas only 43.2% (80/185) fulfilled the 2006 NMO criteria. After assuming all the NMOSD patients with unknown Aspace, that is, having isolated core clinical feature, was the main factor precluding NMOSD diagnosis under assumption of unknown AQP4-IgG status. NMOSD with MOG-IgG was not uncommon in NMOSD without AQP4-IgG and had unique features regarding gender predominance and onset age.

The 2015 NMOSD criteria markedly improved the diagnostic rate and reduced the time taken to diagnosis in a cohort of Chinese patients, even with unknown AQP4-IgG status, in comparison with the 2006 NMO criteria. Not meeting the criterion of dissemination in space, that is, having isolated core clinical feature, was the main factor precluding NMOSD diagnosis under assumption of unknown AQP4-IgG status. NMOSD with MOG-IgG was not uncommon in NMOSD without AQP4-IgG and had unique features regarding gender predominance and onset age.The emergence of novel Coronavirus 2019 and the subsequent pandemic are presenting a challenge to neurologists managing patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The clinical management has dramatically altered and it was necessary to change and/or adapt it to the new situation. Regarding relapses management, the use of intravenous corticosteroids and hospitalization during MS relapses increase the risk of viral exposure.

To review the efficacy and safety of high dose oral corticosteroids in acute relapses treatment compared to intravenous corticosteroids.

Descriptive review of the utility of high dose oral corticosteroids for MS relapses treatment was performed. We searched the literature available on PubMed and Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo). We focused on different trials comparing the use of high dose intravenous vs oral corticosteroids.

Five studies were selected. One hundred and eighty two patients receiving treatment with high dose oral corticosteroids were included. The most frequent schedule was oral methylprednisolone 1000 mg (over three days). There were no significant differences between both routes of corticosteroids administration.

Neurologists should be aware of the current evidence on the similar efficacy of both oral and intravenous corticosteroids for MS relapses. Using oral steroids during the pandemic would be a safe option for patients.

Neurologists should be aware of the current evidence on the similar efficacy of both oral and intravenous corticosteroids for MS relapses. Using oral steroids during the pandemic would be a safe option for patients.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disorder in the central nervous system (CNS), which is mainly mediated by aquaporin 4 antibodies (AQP4-Ab). Interleukin (IL)-39 is a new pro-inflammatory cytokine which belongs to the IL-12 cytokine family. TGF-beta inhibitor However, the role of IL-39 in patients with NMOSD is not completely understood. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the possible implication of IL-39 in the pathogenesis of NMOSD.

In this study, 50 patients with NMOSD, 20 patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), 30 patients with non-inflammatory neurological disorders (NND) and 78 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. The levels of serum IL-39 were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Our study showed serum IL-39 levels in patients with NMOSD were significantly higher than that in RRMS patients, NND patients and HCs, and positively correlated with Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score.

These findings suggested that IL-39 may play a pro-inflammatory role in the pathogenesis of NMOSD and correlate with disease severity.

These findings suggested that IL-39 may play a pro-inflammatory role in the pathogenesis of NMOSD and correlate with disease severity.Boric acid-modified graphene oxide (GO-BA) paper is prepared by a green and facile water evaporation-induced self-assembly method, and its application as an early fire-alarm sensor is investigated. The nacre structure is constructed by assembling graphene oxide (GO) and boric acid (BA) as brick and mortar, respectively. Compared with pure GO paper, improved thermal-oxidative stability is obtained for GO-BA. GO nanosheets are bonded with BA molecules by forming hydrogen bonds between hydroxyl in BA and the rich oxygen-containing functional groups on GO. Notably, the insulating GO-BA paper can be rapidly thermally reduced to conductive reduced graphene oxide under flame exposure, thus providing an ideal fire-alarm response with a quick flame-detection time of ∼0.8 s. In addition, boron oxide formed under flame attack covers the surface of GO, inhibiting further oxidation of GO paper, and effectively extending the duration time of GO-BA under combustion. These results indicate that the GO-BA paper prepared has a broad prospect in the field of fire early-alarm.