Brodersenpeck7170
These new findings of the microbiome and detected proteins could start a new era of proteomics to study the bacterial community as a whole and detect the way it interacts with each other and with the host. SIGNIFICANCE This paper would represent a reference work for investigations on microbiota that present on AD, from both a microbiological and a functional proteomic point of view. We focused on analysisng bacteria community and proteins produced and its role in the disease, highlighting some functional characteristics of certain proteins and discussing its potential role in AD.A semi-parametric stochastic ordering model (SPSO) is introduced to characterize functional relationships between dose level and the probabilities of binary Efficacy and Toxicity events. This model is used to implement a Bayesian adaptive phase I-II clinical trial using one of two different optimality criteria, either dose desirability defined as a function of the marginal Efficacy and Toxicity probabilities, or mean utility based on numerical scores of the four possible (Efficacy, Toxicity) events. A simulation study is conducted to compare designs using the SPSO model to the parametric EffTox model described in Thall and Cook, with each (model, optimality criterion) combination. Each of these four designs adaptively assigns patient cohorts to estimated optimal dose levels after restricting assignments to dose levels that are acceptably efficacious and safe. The simulation study shows that different design configurations may have superior performance depending on the assumed true dose-outcome scenario.Disparities in pediatric asthma morbidity and healthcare utilization exist on the basis of race, ethnicity, environment, and income; interventions are needed to address these inequities. selleck compound The following protocol describes an evidence-based intervention, RVA Breathes, designed to coordinate pediatric asthma care across family, home, community, and medical sectors. Community stakeholder feedback was utilized to refine the intervention specifically for the Richmond, Virginia community. The aims of this study are to assess the effect of RVA Breathes on asthma-related healthcare utilization, as well as secondary outcomes of asthma control, asthma symptoms, and quality of life. We will enroll 300 elementary school children from the Richmond City Public School system. Participants will be between the ages of 5-11, have a diagnosis of asthma, and have had an asthma exacerbation (as indicated by an asthma-related ED visit, hospitalization, unscheduled PCP visit, or use of systemic steroids) in the last two years. Participants will be randomized to one of three groups asthma education + home environment remediation + school intervention, asthma education + home environment remediation, or a comparator condition. Data will be collected across one baseline research visit, four intervention sessions, and four follow-up research visits over the course of 18 months. A General Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) will be used to test primary aims. We expect the findings will provide support for coordination of asthma care across sectors. Further, we hope RVA Breathes will serve as a model of community-based pediatric asthma care.One of the undeniable issues with cancer eradication is the evolution of chemoresistance in due course of treatment, and the mechanisms of chemoresistance have been the subject of extensive research for several years. The efficacy of chemotherapy is hindered by cancer epithelium, mostly in a cell-autonomous mechanism. However, recently the valid experimental evidence showed that the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME) is equivalently responsible for the induction of chemoresistance. Of the verities of cells in the tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the major cellular component of TME and act as a key regulator in the acquisition of cancer chemoresistance by providing a protective niche to the cancer cells against the anti-cancer drugs. Moreover, the symbiotic relationship between the tumor and CAFs to obtain key resources such as growth factors and nutrients for optimal tumor growth and proliferation favors the chemoresistance phenotype. Here, in this review, we provide an up-to-date overview of our knowledge of the role of the CAFs in inducing chemoresistance and tumor progression. We also further delineated the emerging events leading to the CAF origins and activation of normal fibroblasts to CAFs. Along with this, we also discuss the novel area of research confined to the CAF targeted therapies of cancer. The identification of CAF-specific markers may allow unveiling new targets and avenues for blunting or reverting the detrimental pro-tumorigenic potential of CAFs in the foreseeable future.Despite the recent advances in cancer research and treatment, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remain the most common deadly disease worldwide. The aberrant DNA replication serves as a major source of genomic instability and enhances cell proliferation that contributes to tumor initiation and progression. Minichromosome maintenance family (MCMs) is a well-recognized group of proteins responsible for DNA synthesis. Recent studies suggested that dysregulated MCMs lead to tumor initiation, progression, and chemoresistance via modulating cell cycle and DNA replication stress. Their underlying mechanisms in various cancer types have been gradually identified. Furthermore, multiple studies have investigated the association between MCMs expression and clinicopathological features of cancer patients, implying that MCMs might serve as prominent prognostic biomarkers for GI cancers. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the oncogenic role of MCM proteins and highlights their clinical implications in various malignancies, especially in GI cancers. Targeting MCMs might shed light on the potential for identifying novel therapeutic strategies.Systemic and organ-confined inflammation has been associated with cancer development and progression. Resistin, initially described as an adipocyte-derived cytokine in mice, is mostly expressed by the macrophages in humans. It has potent pro-inflammatory properties, and its elevated serum levels are detected in cancer patients. Aberrant expression of resistin receptors is also reported in several malignancies and associated with aggressive clinicopathological features. Several lines of evidence demonstrate that resistin, acting through its different receptors, promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and chemoresistance by influencing a variety of cellular phenotypes as well as by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Racially disparate expression of resistin has also attracted much interest, considering prevalent cancer health disparities. This review discusses the aberrant expression of resistin and its receptors, its diverse downstream signaling and impact on tumor growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, and therapy resistance to support its clinical exploitation in biomarker and therapeutic development.
Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth (Bignoniaceae) is an attractive evergreen plant known as kusi urakame, koyawari, Palo amarillo, tronadora, yellow-elder, yellow trumpet bush, trumpet-flower, yellow-bells, trumpet bush, ginger-Thomas, esperanza, and timboco. It is widely used in traditional Mexican medicine, to treat hyperglycemia, gastrointestinal and urinary tract disorders, jaundice, toothaches, headaches, colds, skin infections, and scorpion, snake, and rat bites. Current research focusses on evaluating its bioactive components and therapeutic potential.
The current article reviewed the information available on Tecoma stans ethnopharmacology, geographical distribution, chemical composition, phytochemistry, therapeutic effects, and toxicology.
Information of botanical description, distribution, traditional uses, chemical composition, bioactive components, and therapeutic investigations was gathered from a comprehensive literature search of electronic databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Scferent parts of Mexico. The above information shows that the plant holds many hidden potentials and can, therefore, be studied extensively for its phytoconstituents and therapeutic effects. However, while going through the literature, it was observed that incomplete data is reported on in vivo trials, especially concerning its dosage, positive and negative control groups, intervention time, and toxicity studies. Additionally, there is a lack of information on its complete nutritional and phytochemical profiling. We trust that this review will help lay the groundwork for encouraging pharmacological and pharmaceutical studies. It will also direct us to understand the clinical relevance and applications of bioactive compounds from Tecoma stans in the prevention and treatment of diseases.
Sleep disorders affect an estimated 150 million people worldwide and result in adverse health, safety, and work performance-related outcomes that have important economic consequences. In Taiwan, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is a complementary natural medicine and has been widely used as an adjunctive therapy.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of CHM on dementia risk in patients with sleep disorders in Taiwan.
We identified 124,605 patients with sleep disorders between the ages of 20 and 60 years. Of these, 5876 CHM users and 5876 non-CHM users were matched according to age and gender. The chi-squared test, Cox proportional hazard model, Kaplan-Meier method, and log-rank test were used for the comparisons. Association rule mining and network analysis were applied to determine a CHM pattern specialized for sleep disorders.
More CHM users did not use sleeping pills than non-CHM users. CHM users had a lower risk of dementia than non-CHM users after adjusting for age, gender, and sleeping pill use (hazard ratio (HR) 0.469, 95% CI=0.289-0.760; p-value=0.002). The cumulative incidence of dementia was lower among CHM users (long-rank test, p-value<0.001). Association rule mining and network analysis showed that Ye-Jiao-Teng (YJT; Caulis Polygoni Multiflori; Polygonum multiflorum Thunb), Suan-Zao-Ren-Tang (SZRT), Jia-Wei-Xiao-Yao-San (JWXYS), He-Huan-Pi (HHP; Cortex Albizziae; Albizia julibrissin Durazz.), and Suan-Zao-Ren (SZR; Semen Zizyphi Spinosae; Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) were important CHMs for patients with sleep disorders in Taiwan.
A comprehensive list of herbal medicines may be useful for the clinical treatment of patients with sleep disorders, and for future scientific investigations into the prevention of dementia in these patients.
A comprehensive list of herbal medicines may be useful for the clinical treatment of patients with sleep disorders, and for future scientific investigations into the prevention of dementia in these patients.
Astragalus membranaceus and Codonopsis pilosula which are two Chinese medicinal herbs are often combinedly used as monarch drugs in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescriptions to treat ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the exact mechanisms and effective constituents of the two herbs remain unclear.
Polysaccharides are the main active ingredients of the two medicinal herbs and some specific polysaccharides extracted from the two medicinal herbs have been proven effective in relieving colitis. Hence, we speculated that polysaccharides of the two medicinal herbs may be the material basis for compatibility in TCM prescriptions to treat UC. In the research, total polysaccharides of A. membranaceus and C. pilosula extractum, named AERP and CERP respectively, were administrated to 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis mice by dosing alone and in combination to test this hypothesis.
5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA, 100mg/kg/d) was selected as the positive drug. The basic indexes of colitis mice including body weight, stool bleeding, stool consistency and colon lengths were recorded.
