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Copyright © 2020 by the American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.IMPORTANCE Poor outcomes after upper extremity peripheral nerve injury (PNI) may arise, in part, from the challenges and complexities of cortical plasticity. Occupational therapy practitioners need to understand how the brain changes after peripheral injury and how principles of cortical plasticity can be applied to improve rehabilitation for clients with PNI. OBJECTIVE To identify the mechanisms of cortical plasticity after PNI and describe how cortical plasticity can contribute to rehabilitation. DATA SOURCES PubMed and Embase (1900-2017) were searched for articles that addressed either (1) the relationship between PNI and cortical plasticity or (2) rehabilitative interventions based on cortical plastic changes after PNI. Study Selection and Data Collectio PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were followed. Articles were selected if they addressed all of the following concepts human PNI, cortical plasticity, and rehabilitation. Phantom limb pain and sensatin changes after PNI and how occupational therapy practitioners can take advantage of those changes for rehabilitation. Copyright © 2020 by the American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.IMPORTANCE Underutilization of hospice occupational therapy may be attributable to a lack of evidence on efficacy. OBJECTIVE To conduct a scoping review of occupational therapy outcome studies to ascertain how efficacy is captured in the literature. DATA SOURCES PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Scopus, Directory of Open Access Journals, Web of Science, OT Search, and Google Scholar. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA COLLECTION Search terms hospice, palliative care, occupational therapy, rehabilitation, outcome measure, and assessment. Inclusion criteria research studies in English, centered on adult hospice care, published between January 1997 and September 2017, and investigated occupational therapy efficacy with an outcome measure. this website Exclusion criteria systematic reviews, participants not at terminal disease end stages, or intervention program reviews lacking differentiated occupational therapy outcomes. FINDINGS Seven articles met the inclusion criteria. Findings include frequent use of noncontrolled, quasi-experimental, prospective research designs; a focus on occupational performance; and no generally accepted hospice occupational therapy outcome measure. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Outcome measures of participation in end-of-life occupations and environmental influences on occupational engagement are needed to effectively support occupational therapy practice and research with people who are terminally ill. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS Occupational therapy in end-of-life care is growing in complexity yet remains low in utilization. This review adds insights into current practice and future research foci for the profession. Copyright © 2020 by the American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.IMPORTANCE Women with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptoms may experience difficulty carrying out desired life roles and activities. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a 7-wk tailored occupation-based intervention can reduce perceived stress and ADHD symptoms and enhance perceived performance of and satisfaction with daily roles and activities among women with ADHD. DESIGN Randomization to intervention (n = 11) and control (n = 12) groups. SETTING Home and community. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-three participants ages 20-55 yr, English speaking, and with a self-reported diagnosis of ADHD. INTERVENTION The intervention was administered for 7 wk in individual 1-hr sessions and addressed routine establishment, organization, time management, stress management, and sensory regulation in the home and community. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Report Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. RESULTS At 1-wk postintervention, statistically significant differences were found between intervention and control groups in perceived stress (Z = -3.838, p less then .000, d = -2.66), ADHD symptoms (Z = -3.605, p less then .000, d = -2.17), and COPM Performance (Z = -4.074, p less then .000, d = 3.04) and Satisfaction change scores (Z = -3.759, p less then .000, d = 2.82). CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE A 7-wk tailored intervention reduced perceived stress and ADHD symptoms and enhanced perceived performance of and satisfaction with desired occupational roles and activities in a sample of women with ADHD. Further research is warranted to determine whether the intervention can be useful to women with ADHD beyond the present sample. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS This intervention may offer an effective nonpharmacological option for women with ADHD symptoms. Copyright © 2020 by the American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.IMPORTANCE Previous research has calculated normative data for the Dynavision D2 Visuomotor Training (D2) System among healthy athletes to understand concussion management, but to date no studies have identified the norms for healthy adults over a large age range (18-80 yr) for physical response speed. OBJECTIVE To provide normative data for the D2 for physical response speed in adults ages 18-80 yr. DESIGN Cross-sectional, descriptive study to obtain normative data on physical response speed using the D2 for adults in age categories 18-40, 41-60, and 61-80 yr. SETTING Genesis Physical Therapy and Wellness Center, a Midwestern outpatient hospital-based therapy center. PARTICIPANTS Three hundred adults, stratified into three different age categories. Normal standards with quartiles were identified for each age and sex category. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Multiple regression model of the inverse response times. RESULTS The results showed a significant difference in physical response speed between men and women and between the different age groups. Women in all age categories were slower than men. Physical response speed increased with age in both sexes, but each had significantly different age and sex main effects (p less then .0005). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Occupational therapy practitioners can use the normative standards identified in this study in their assessment of clients with visual and cognitive deficits after a brain injury, stroke, or other neurologic pathology. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS This study's results can be added to the battery of other common evaluation measures that occupational therapists use to evaluate visual and cognitive deficits after neurological impairments. Copyright © 2020 by the American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc.