Grautempleton8586

This in-bath print and cure (IBPC) 3D printing process for thermosetting polymers is low-cost, scalable, high-speed (nozzle speeds exceeding 720 cm/min), and high-resolution (down to 220 μm filament size). We demonstrate potential applications for hobbyists, structural and aerospace components, and fiber-reinforced composites, among others.Exploring new structural materials with strong He damage tolerance is one of the key tasks for the development of nuclear reactors. Helium (He), one of the most common elements in the nuclear environment, often forms undesired bubbles in metallic materials and may result in void swelling as well as high-temperature intergranular embrittlement. In this study, the behaviors of He in high-entropy alloy (HEA) TiZrHfMoNb and its constituents are systematically investigated both theoretically and experimentally. Density functional theory calculations show that the He atom prefers to occupy tetrahedral and octahedral interstitial sites in a HEA. The migration pathway for He in TiZrHfMoNb is explored and the migration energy barrier is determined. Besides, the He clustering behavior in TiZrHfMoNb is investigated. MRTX-1257 Through transmission electron microscopy analysis, a smaller He bubble size is observed in TiZrHfMoNb than in Ti, which is proposed to result from the lower tendency to form He clusters, a weaker coarsening effect, and severe lattice distortion in HEA. The current study thus provides deep insights into the He behaviors in HEAs and may help to develop structural materials with enhanced He damage tolerance in nuclear reactors.The cyclometalated platinum(II) complexes [PtMe(C∧N)(L)] [1 PS C∧N = 2-phenylpyridinate (ppy), L = SMe2; 1 BS C∧N = benzo[h]quinolate (bhq), L = SMe2; 1 PP C∧N = ppy, L = PPh3; and 1 BP C∧N = bhq, L = PPh3] containing two different cyclometalated ligands and two different ancillary ligands have been investigated in the reaction with CX3CO2H (X = F or H). When L = SMe2, the Pt-Me bond rather than the Pt-C bond of the cycloplatinated complex is cleaved to give the complexes [Pt(C∧N)(CX3CO2)(SMe2)]. When L = PPh3, the selectivity of the reaction is reversed. In the reaction of [PtMe(C∧N)(PPh3)] with CF3CO2H, the Pt-C∧N bond is cleaved rather than the Pt-Me bond. The latter reaction gave [PtMe(κ1N-Hppy)(PPh3)(CF3CO2)] as an equilibrium mixture of two isomers. For L = PPh3, no reaction was observed with CH3CO2H. The reasons for this difference in selectivity for complexes 1 are computationally discussed based on the energy barrier needed for the protonolysis of the Pt-Csp3 bond versus the Pt-Csp2 bond. Two pathways including the direct one-step acid attack at the Pt-C bond (SE2) and stepwise oxidative-addition on the Pt(II) center followed by reductive elimination [SE(ox)] are proposed. A detailed density functional theory (DFT) study of these protonations along with experimental UV-vis kinetics suggests that a one-step electrophilic attack (SE2) at the Pt-C bond is the most likely mechanism for complexes 1, and changing the nature of the ancillary ligand can influence the selectivity in the Pt-C bond cleavage. The effect of the nature of the acid and cyclometalated ligand (C∧N) is also discussed.Functionalized antibodies and antibody fragments have found applications in the fields of biomedical imaging, theranostics, and antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). In addition, therapeutic and theranostic approaches benefit from the possibility to deliver more than one type of cargo to target cells, further challenging stochastic labeling strategies. Thus, bioconjugation methods to reproducibly obtain defined homogeneous conjugates bearing multiple different cargo molecules, without compromising target affinity, are in demand. Here, we describe a straightforward CRISPR/Cas9-based strategy to rapidly engineer hybridoma cells to secrete Fab' fragments bearing two distinct site-specific labeling motifs, which can be separately modified by two different sortase A mutants. We show that sequential genetic editing of the heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) loci enables the generation of a stable cell line that secretes a dual tagged Fab' molecule (DTFab'), which can be easily isolated. To demonstrate feasibility, we functionalized the DTFab' with two distinct cargos in a site-specific manner. This technology platform will be valuable in the development of multimodal imaging agents, theranostics, and next-generation ADCs.Exposure to bioaerosols has been implicated in adverse respiratory symptoms, infectious diseases, and bioterrorism. Although these particles have been measured within residential and occupational settings in multiple studies, the deposition of bioaerosol particles within the human respiratory system has been only minimally explored. This paper uses real-world environmental measurement data of total fungal spores using Air-o-Cell cassettes in 16 different apartments and residents' physiological data in those apartments to predict respiratory deposition of the spores. The airborne spore concentrations were measured during the spring, summer, and fall. The respiratory deposition of five most prevalent spore genera-Ascospores, Aspergillus, Basidiospores, Cladosporium, and Myxomycetes-was predicted using three empirical models the Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry model, using both the Yeh and age-specific versions, and the Bioaerosol Adaptation of the International Committee on Radiological Protection's Lung deposition model. The predicted total deposited number of spores was highest for Ascospores and Cladosporium. While the majority of spores deposit were in the extrathoracic region, there is a significant deposition for both Aspergillus and Cladosporium in the alveolar region, potentially leading to the development of aspergillosis or allergic asthma. Although the dose-response relationship is unknown, the estimate of the actual spore deposition could be the first step in determining such a relationship.We introduce a general and relatively straightforward protocol aimed at determining the absolute photoinduced radical generation efficiency via NMR monitoring. This approach relies on the use of a radical scavenger probe that combines a nitroxide moiety that specifically reacts with radicals and a trifluoromethyl group used as a 19F NMR signaling unit. Using an LED source, whose fluence is precisely determined by a chemical actinometry procedure also described herein, the method is used to determine the radical photogeneration quantum yields of three well-known polymerization initiators azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), 4,4'-bis(N,N-diethylamino)benzophenone (BDEBP, a derivative of Michler's ethyl ketone), and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide (MAPO). The overall good agreement with values previously reported in the literature proves the robustness of this new method. We then extended the study to the precise measurement of the quantum yield of free-radical photogeneration on a newly synthesized photoinitiator used for two-photon direct laser writing. This study highlights the potential of this methodology for the quantitative determination of photoinduced radical generation efficiency used in many fields of applications.The poor water resistance property of a commercial Mn4+-activated narrow-band red-emitting fluoride phosphor restricts its promising applications in high-performance white LEDs and wide-gamut displays. Herein, we develop a structural rigidity-enhancing strategy using a novel KHF2Mn4+ precursor as a Mn source to construct a proton-containing water-resistant phosphor K2(H)TiF6Mn4+ (KHTFM). The parasitic [HMnF6]- complexes in the interstitial site from the fall off the KHF2Mn4+ are also transferred to the K2TiF6 host by ion exchange to form KHTFM with rigid bonding networks, improving the water resistance and thermostability of the sample. The KHTFM sample retains at least 92% of the original emission value after 180 min of water immersion, while the non-water-resistant K2TiF6Mn4+(KTFM) phosphor maintains only 23%. Therefore, these findings not only illustrate the effect of protons on fluoride but also provide a novel insight into commercial water-resistant fluoride phosphors.Two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskites have emerged as outstanding semiconducting materials thanks to their superior stability and structural diversity. However, the ever-growing field of optoelectronic device research using 2D perovskites requires systematic understanding of the effects of the spacer on the structure, properties, and device performance. So far, many studies are based on trial-and-error tests of random spacers with limited ability to predict the resulting structure of these synthetic experiments, hindering the discovery of novel 2D materials to be incorporated into high-performance devices. In this review, we provide guidelines on successfully choosing spacers and incorporating them into crystalline materials and optoelectronic devices. We first provide a summary of various synthetic methods to act as a tutorial for groups interested in pursuing synthesis of novel 2D perovskites. Second, we provide our insights on what kind of spacer cations can stabilize 2D perovskites followed by an extensive review of the spacer cations, which have been shown to stabilize 2D perovskites with an emphasis on the effects of the spacer on the structure and optical properties. Next, we provide a similar explanation for the methods used to fabricate films and their desired properties. Like the synthesis section, we will then focus on various spacers that have been used in devices and how they influence the film structure and device performance. With a comprehensive understanding of these effects, a rational selection of novel spacers can be made, accelerating this already exciting field.Strain engineering as a method to control functional properties has seen in the last decades a surge of interest. Heterostructures comprising 2D-materials and containing van der Waals(-like) gaps were considered unsuitable for strain engineering. However, recent work on heterostructures based on Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3, and GeTe showed the potential of a different type of strain engineering due to long-range mutual straining. Still, a comprehensive understanding of the strain relaxation mechanism in these telluride heterostructures is lacking due to limitations of the earlier analyses performed. Here, we present a detailed study of strain in two-dimensional (2D/2D) and mixed dimensional (2D/3D) systems derived from mica/Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3/Bi2Te3, and Bi2Te3/GeTe heterostructures, respectively. We first clearly show the fast relaxation process in the mica/Bi2Te3 system where the strain was generally transferred and confined up to the second or third van der Waals block and then abruptly relaxed. Then we show, using three independent techniques, that the long-range exponentially decaying strain in GeTe and Sb2Te3 grown on the relaxed Bi2Te3 and Bi2Te3 on relaxed Sb2Te3 as directly observed at the growth surface is still present within these three different top layers a long time after growth. The observed behavior points at immediate strain relaxation by plastic deformation without any later relaxation and rules out an elastic (energy minimization) model as was proposed recently. Our work advances the understanding of strain tuning in textured heterostructures or superlattices governed by anisotropic bonding.