Mcgarrytonnesen4316

ionable, as the characteristics and design parameters of the instruments vary considerably, and the experimental setups lack additional clinical parameters and thus clinical relevance.The corrosive titanium products in peri-implant tissues are a potential risk factor for peri-implantitis. There is very limited information available on the effect of the corrosion and wear products on the dental implant corrosion. Therefore, we determined the influence of Ti-ions and Ti-particles on Ti corrosion. Eighteen commercially pure-Ti-grade-2 discs were polished to mirror-shine. Samples were divided into six groups (n = 3) as a function of electrolytes; (A) Artificial saliva (AS), (B) AS with Ti-ions (the electrolyte from group A, after corrosion), (C) AS with Ti-particles 10 ppm (D) AS with Ti-particles 20 ppm, (E) AS with Ti-ions 10 ppm, and (F) AS with Ti-ions 20 ppm. Using Tafel's method, corrosion potential (Ecorr) and current density (Icorr) were estimated from potentiodynamic curves. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) data were used to construct Nyquist and Bode plots, and an equivalent electrical circuit was used to assess the corrosion kinetics. The corroded surfaces were examined through a 3D-white-light microscope and scanning electronic microscopy. The data demonstrated that the concentration of Ti-ions and corrosion rate (Icorr) are strongly correlated (r = 0.997, p = 0.046). This study indicated that high Ti-ion concentration potentially aggravates corrosion. Under such a severe corrosion environment, there is a potential risk of increased implant associated adverse tissue reactions.The applications of coated mild steels are gaining significant attention in versatile industrial areas because of their better mechanical properties, anticorrosive behavior, and reproducibility. The life period of this steel reduces significantly under relative motion in the presence of friction, which is associated with the loss of billion-dollar every year in industry. Productivity is hampered, and economic growth is declined. Several pieces of research have been conducted throughout the industries to seeking the processes of frictional reduction. This study is attributed to the tribological behavior of electroplated mild steel under various operating parameters. The efficiency of commercial lubricant and self-lubrication characteristics of coated layer plays a significant role in the reduction of friction. The reciprocating and simultaneous motion in relation to pin as well as disc are considered during experimentation. find more The lubricating effects in conjunction with motions are responsible for compensating thon-based mechanisms where multidimensional motion cannot be ignored.This article deals with cationization of cotton during mercerization and its effects on trichromatic vat dyeing. If cationization is carried out during the after-treatment, regardless of cotton pretreatment, the reaction takes place on the surface and blocks cellulose groups, subsequently resulting in uneven coloration. However, when cationization is carried out with an epihalohydrin during the mercerization process, new cellulose is formed in which the cationic compound is uniformly distributed and trapped between cellulose chains, resulting in uniform coloration after the dyeing process. The reaction time for the process during mercerization is 24 h, thus a more favorable process was researched. Based on electrokinetic analysis, it was found that 5 h was sufficient for the reaction with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC). The cationization of cotton contributed to the processes of vat dyeing. The change in charge upon cationization resulted in very high adsorption of vat-dye anions, indicating that ionic bonding occurred in addition to van der Waals forces. The color depth improved by more than 10 times. It should be emphasized that the colors with higher chroma and targeted color hue, especially in trichromatic dyeing, were obtained on cationized cotton, in contrast to standard cotton fabrics. The color differences obtained under the different light sources indicate the occurrence of metamerism. Considering the color fastness to laundering, vat-dyed cationized fabrics of all colors may be used in hospitals or other environments where high hygiene and oxidative bleaching are required.The currently studied materials considered as potential candidates to be solid electrolytes for Li-ion batteries usually suffer from low total ionic conductivity. One of them, the NASICON-type ceramic of the chemical formula Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3, seems to be an appropriate material for the modification of its electrical properties due to its high bulk ionic conductivity of the order of 10-3 S∙cm-1. For this purpose, we propose an approach concerning modifying the grain boundary composition towards the higher conducting one. To achieve this goal, Li4SiO4 was selected and added to the LATP base matrix to support Li+ diffusion between the grains. The properties of the Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3-xLi4SiO4 (0.02 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) system were studied by means of high-temperature X-ray diffractometry (HTXRD); 6Li, 27Al, 29Si, and 31P magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MAS NMR); thermogravimetry (TG); scanning electron microscopy (SEM); and impedance spectroscopy (IS) techniques. Referring to the experimental results, the Li4SiO4 additive material leads to the improvement of the electrical properties and the value of the total ionic conductivity exceeds 10-4 S∙cm-1 in most studied cases. The factors affecting the enhancement of the total ionic conductivity are discussed. The highest value of σtot = 1.4 × 10-4 S∙cm-1 has been obtained for LATP-0.1LSO material sintered at 1000 °C for 6 h.Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was prepared by chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) (with a modified Hummers method) in aqueous solutions of hydrazine (N2H4), formaldehyde (CH2O), formic acid (HCO2H) accompanied by a microwave treatment at 250 °C (MWT) by a high pressure microwave reactor (HPMWR) at 55 bar. The substrates and received products were investigated by TEM, XRD, Raman and IR spectroscopies, XPS, XAES and REELS. MWT assisted reduction using different agents resulted in rGOs of a large number of vacancy defects, smaller than at GO surface C sp3 defects, oxygen groups and interstitial water, interlayer distance and diameter of stacking nanostructures (flakes). The average number of flake layers obtained from XRD and REELS was consistent, being the smallest for CH2O and then increasing for HCO2H and N2H4. The number of layers in rGOs increases with decreasing content of vacancy, C sp3 defects, oxygen groups, water and flake diameter. MWT conditions facilitate formation of vacancies and additional hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl groups at these vacancies, provide no remarkable modification of flake diameter, what results in more competitive penetration of reducing agent between the interstitial sites than via vacancies. MWT reduction of GO using a weak reducing agent (CH2O) provided rGO of 8 layers thickness.While the degradation of Polylactic Acid (PLA) has been studied for several years, results regarding the mechanism for determining degradation are not completely understood. Through accelerated degradation testing, data can be extrapolated and modeled to test parameters such as temperature, voltage, time, and humidity. Accelerated lifetime testing is used as an alternative to experimentation under normal conditions. The methodology to create this model consisted of fabricating series of ASTM specimens using extrusion and injection molding. These specimens were tested through accelerated degradation; tensile and flexural testing were conducted at different points of time. Nonparametric inference tests for multivariate data are presented. The results indicate that the effect of the independent variable or treatment effect (time) is highly significant. This research intends to provide a better understanding of biopolymer degradation. The findings indicated that the proposed statistical models can be used as a tool for characterization of the material regarding the durability of the biopolymer as an engineering material. Having multiple models, one for each individual accelerating variable, allow deciding which parameter is critical in the characterization of the material.The lightweight floor system (LFS) with a heating coil is one of many types of radiant heating systems. It differs from most of the others, as it has a much higher thermal efficiency at low flow temperature. To verify whether adhesive mortars can safely connect the ceramic floor with the insulating substrate, the deformations and stresses values of all light system layers under thermal action should be checked and compared to their maximum strengths. For this purpose, an LFS test field was conducted using the strain gauges and digital measurement techniques, and floor displacements and deformations were determined. The results obtained from the tests were confirmed by finite element method calculations. It was also found that the stress of each floor component was much lower than their strength. This proves that the LFS with a heating coil, without metal lamellas, meets the safety regulation for use. link2 The results of the analysis can be useful in the design of heated/cooled LFSs.Cellular structure can possess superior mechanical properties and low density simultaneously. Additive manufacturing has experienced substantial progress in the past decades, which promotes the popularity of such bone-like structure. This paper proposes a methodology on the topological design of porous structure. For the typical technologies such as the p-norm aggregation and implicit porosity control, the violation of the maximum local volume constraint is inevitable. To this end, the primary optimization problem with bounds of local volume constraints is transformed into unconstrained programming by setting up a sequence of minimization sub-problems in terms of the augmented Lagrangian method. The approximation and algorithm using the concept of moving asymptotes is employed as the optimizer. Several numerical tests are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in comparison with existing approaches. The effects of the global and local volume percentage, influence radius and mesh discretization on the final designs are investigated. In comparison to existing methods, the proposed method is capable of accurately limiting the upper bound of global and local volume fractions, which opens up new possibilities for additive manufacturing.It is difficult to accurately predict the surface roughness of belt grinding with superalloy materials due to the uneven material distribution and complex material processing. In this paper, a radial basis neural network is proposed to predict surface roughness. link3 Firstly, the grinding system of the superalloy belt is introduced. The effects of the material removal process and grinding parameters on the surface roughness in belt grinding were analyzed. Secondly, an RBF neural network is trained by reinforcement learning of a self-organizing mapping method. Finally, the prediction accuracy and simulation results of the proposed method and the traditional prediction method are analyzed using the ten-fold cross method. The results show that the relative error of the improved RLSOM-RBF neural network prediction model is 1.72%, and the R-value of the RLSOM-RBF fitting result is 0.996.