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Fucoxanthin (FX) is a special carotenoid having an allenic bond in its structure. FX is extracted from a variety of algae and edible seaweeds. It has been proved to contain numerous health benefits and preventive effects against diseases like diabetes, obesity, liver cirrhosis, malignant cancer, etc. Thus, FX can be used as a potent source of both pharmacological and nutritional ingredient to prevent infectious diseases. In this review, we gathered the information regarding the current findings on antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, skin protective, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, and other properties of FX including its bioavailability and stability characteristics. This review aims to assist further biochemical studies in order to develop further pharmaceutical assets and nutritional products in combination with FX and its various metabolites.Vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED) is linked with the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease. Astragaloside IV (As-IV) has exhibited significant improvement for endothelial dysfunction. read more Nonetheless, the protective mechanism is not clear. Therefore, the present study investigated the potential mechanism of As-IV on VED. Calpain-1 knockout and wild-type C57BL/6 mice exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) were established and treated with As-IV (40, 80 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) subjected to CIH exposure were pretreated with As-IV, MDL-28170 (calpain-1 inhibitor) and SRT1720 (SIRT1 activator) for 48 h in vitro. The endothelial function, inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial function were measured to evaluate VED. Our data revealed that As-IV treatment ameliorated CIH-induced endothelial-dependent vasomotion and augmented nitric oxide (NO) production. As-IV administration suppressed the secretion of inflammation, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. As-IV treatment reduced the expression of calpain-1 and restored the downregulated expression of SIRT1 and Thr172 AMPK and Ser1177 eNOS phosphorylation. The effects of calpain-1 knockout and SRT1720 were similar to the effect of As-IV on VED. These findings demonstrated that As-IV ameliorated VED induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia via the calpain-1/SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway.

Telerounding is slated to become an important avenue for future healthcare practice. As utilization of telerounding is increasing, a review of the literature is necessary to distill themes and identify critical considerations for the implementation of telerounding. We provide evidence of the utility of telerounding and considerations to support its implementation in future healthcare practice based on a scoping review.

We collected articles from nine scientific databases from the earliest dated available articles to August 2020. We identified whether each article centered on telerounding policies, regulations, or practice. We also organized information from each article and sorted themes into four categories sample characteristics, technology utilized, study constructs, and research outcomes.

We identified 21 articles related to telerounding that fit our criteria. All articles emphasized telerounding practice. Most articles reported data collected from surgical wards, had adult samples, and utilized robnding can support patient care by reducing travel expenses and opportunities for infection. Evidence suggests that telerounding can reduce patient length of stay. Patients and providers are willing to utilize telerounding, but patient willingness is influenced by age and education. Telerounding does not appear to negatively impact satisfaction or patient care. Organizations seeking to implement telerounding systems must consider education for their providers, logistics associated with hardware and software, scheduling, and characteristics of the organizational context that can support telerounding. Considerations provided in this article can mitigate difficulties associated with the implementation of telerounding.

Mucormycosis is a rare systemic fungal infection, mainly observed in immunocompromised patients. It is responsible for surface and deep tissue destruction leading to perforations and hemorrhage. Its pathogenesis represented by an angio-invasion is at the origin of a local infarction and a vascular thrombosis. We report a case of gastrointestinal (GI) mucormycosis-induced multiple gastric ulcers, GI bleeding and rectal perforation.

A 75-year-old man, with type II diabetes mellitus, was admitted to the intensive care unit for an acute abdominal pain associated with massive hematochezia. Clinical examination was that of an acute peritonitis and a hemorrhagic shock state. Abdominal and pelvic CT scan with intravenous contrast concluded to a perforation of the anterior wall of the rectum. He underwent immediate laparotomy with temporary colostomy. Several upper GI endoscopies had shown multiple gastric ulcer lesions. Lower GI endoscopy showed a fistulous orifice of the rectum on its anterior surface. Histopathognosis if it is treated early with medical and surgical treatment.

GI mucormycosis remains a multidisciplinary diagnostic challenge, less frequent in clinical practice, with a long diagnostic pathway. This opportunistic systemic mycosis can lead to numerous GI complications including perforation, massive GI bleeding and even multiple extra-GI complications. GI mucormycosis has a good prognosis if it is treated early with medical and surgical treatment.Finding antivirals for SARS-CoV-2 is still a major challenge, and many computational and experimental approaches have been employed to find a solution to this problem. While the global vaccination campaigns are the primary driver of controlling the current pandemic, orally bioavailable small-molecule drugs and biologics are critical to overcome this global issue. Improved therapeutics and prophylactics are required to treat people with circulating and emerging new variants, addressing severe infection, and people with underlying or immunocompromised conditions. The SARS-CoV-2 envelope spike is a challenging target for viral entry inhibitors. Pindolol presented a good docking score in a previous virtual screening using computational docking calculations after screening a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug library of 2400 molecules as potential candidates to block the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interaction with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2). Here, we expanded the computational evaluation to identify five beta-blockers against SARS-CoV-2 using several techniques, such as microscale thermophoresis, NanoDSF, and in vitro assays in different cell lines. These data identified carvedilol with a K d of 364 ± 22 nM for the SARS-CoV-2 spike and in vitro activity (EC50 of 7.57 μM, CC50 of 18.07 μM) against SARS-CoV-2 in Calu-3 cells. We have shown how we can apply multiple computational and experimental approaches to find molecules that can be further optimized to improve anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity.A novel rectangular patch antenna based on multiwall carbon nanotubes has been designed and developed for assisting the initial detection of COVID-19-affected lungs. Due to their highly conductive nature, each nanotube echoes electromagnetic waves in a unique manner, influencing the increase in bandwidth. The proposed antenna operates at 6.63, 7.291, 7.29, and 7.22 GHz with a higher bandwidth classified as an ultrawide band and can be used on a human body phantom model because of its flexibility and decreased radiation qualities. Flame retardant 4 is chosen as a substrate with a uniform thickness of 1.62 mm due to its inexpensive cost and excellent electrical properties. The maximum specific absorption rate of the proposed antenna is obtained as 1.77 W/kg for 10 g of tissues. For testing purposes, a model including all the known features of COVID-19-affected lungs is developed. The designed antenna exhibits excellent performance in free space, normal lungs, and affected lung environments. It might be utilized as a first screening device for COVID-19 patients, especially in resource-constrained areas where traditional medical equipment such as X-ray and computerized tomography scans are scarce.As early as 2001, the need for the 'functional motif theory' was pointed out, to assist the rational design of functional materials. The properties of materials are determined by their functional motifs and how they are arranged in the materials. Uncovering functional motifs and their arrangements is crucial in understanding the properties of materials and rationally designing new materials of desired properties. The functional motifs of materials are the critical microstructural units (e.g. constituent components and building blocks) that play a decisive role in generating certain material functions, and can not be replaced with other structural units without the loss, or significant suppression, of relevant functions. The role of functional motifs and their arrangement in materials, with representative examples, is presented. The microscopic structures of these examples can be classified into six types on a length scale smaller than ∼10 nm with maximum subatomic resolution, i.e. crystal, magnetic, aperiodic, defect, local and electronic structures. Functional motif analysis can be employed in the function-oriented design of materials, as elucidated by taking infrared non-linear optical materials as an example. Machine learning is more efficient in predicting material properties and screening materials with high efficiency than high-throughput experimentation and high-throughput calculations. In order to extract functional motifs and find their quantitative relationships, the development of sufficiently reliable databases for material structures and properties is imperative.The purpose of this research is to utilize factor analyses to evaluate the reliability and factorial structure of an abbreviated version of the instrument that includes indicators of perceived residential environment quality (PREQ) and neighborhood attachment (NA) in Chinese urban environments. The instrument has 11 scales that measure PREQ and 1 scale measuring neighborhood attachment (NA). Architectural and urban planning aspects (three scales Architectural and Town-planning Space, Organization of Accessibility and Roads, Green Areas), socio-relational aspects (one scale People and Social Relations), functional aspects (four scales Welfare Services, Recreational Services, Commercial Services, and Transport Services), and contextual aspects (three scales Pace of Life, Environmental Health, and Upkeep and Care) are all covered by the 11 PREQ scales. A total of 1,332 people living in Chinese urban cities completed a self-report questionnaire that included these 12 scales. A calibration sample and a validation sample that were randomly split from the total sample verified the factorial structures of this instrument, and the abbreviated instrument had acceptable reliability and validity. The validated abbreviated version of the PREQ and NA instruments allowed for a more reliable and manageable tool that might lessen respondents' exhaustion of a large number of items, this also contributed to the policy-making for urban planning and practical architectural design.