Hancockkelly5473

physiology including impaired calcium handling and de novo formation of dystrophin-positive revertant muscle cells in immortalized DMD hMMTs harbouring an exon 2 duplication, a feature of many DMD patients that has not been recapitulated in culture prior to this report. We further demonstrate that this "DMD in a dish" system can be used as a pre-clinical assay to test a putative DMD therapeutic and study the mechanism of action.The mechanical behavior of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) affects the interaction between vehicle occupants and restraint systems in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs). To enhance future restraints, injury countermeasures, and other vehicle safety systems, computational simulations are often used to augment experiments because of their relative efficiency for parametric analysis. How well finite element human body models (FE-HBMs), which are often used in such simulations, predict human response has been limited by the absence of material models for human SAT that are applicable to the MVC environment. In this study, for the first time, dynamic multidirectional unconfined compression and simple shear loading tests were performed on human abdominal SAT specimens under conditions similar to MVCs. We also performed multiple ramp-hold tests to evaluate the quasilinear viscoelasticity (QLV) assumption and capture the stress relaxation behavior under both compression and shear. Our mechanical characterization was suppuman adipose tissue specimens to characterize the multi-directional compression and shear behavior at impact loading rates and obtained scanning electron microscope images to investigate whether the macrostructural response can be related to the underlying microstructure. The results showed that human adipose tissue is nonlinear, viscoelastic and direction dependent, and its mechanical response under compression and shear tests at different loading rates can be captured by incorporating quasi-linear viscoelasticity in an Ogden-type hyperelastic model.Osimertinib (OSI) is the first FDA-approved third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). It can be used for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with activating EGFR mutation and for patients who are resistant to first-generation EGFR TKIs due to T790M resistance mutation. However, patients treated with OSI ultimately develop acquired resistance, which prevents its long-term benefit for patients. Therefore, the development of effective strategies to overcome OSI resistance will address a significant clinical challenge and benefit patients by prolonging their survival time. Our previous studies indicated that combination therapy was a promising strategy for overcoming OSI resistance. In this study, we developed nanoparticle (NP) formulations for co-delivery of osimertinib (OSI) and selumetinib (SEL) to treat OSI-resistant NSCLC effectively. We conjugated SEL with PEG through a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive linker to generate polyethylene greated with OSI ultimately develop acquired resistance. This study developed OSI and selumetinib (SEL) co-delivering nanoparticles to overcome OSI-acquired resistance in NSCLC. PEG-SEL conjugate functions as reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive prodrug and forms micelle nanoparticles through self-assembly to deliver OSI. The combination NP can simultaneously inhibit EGFR and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK), thus effectively inducing apoptosis in OSI-resistant NSCLC cells. In summary, the OSI and SEL nanoparticle combination therapy showed promising anticancer efficacy and demonstrated potential for treating NSCLC patients with OSI acquired resistance.In most cases, once nanoparticles (NPs) enter the blood, their surface is covered by biological molecules, especially proteins, forming a so-called protein corona (PC). As a result, what the cells of the body "see" is not the NPs as formulated by the chemists, but the PC. In this way, the PC can influence the effects of the NPs and even mask the desired effects of the NP components. While this can argue for trying to inhibit protein-nanomaterial interactions, encapsulating NPs in an endogenous PC may increase their clinical usefulness. In this review, we briefly introduce the concept of the PC, its formation and its effects on the behavior of NPs. We also discuss how to reduce the formation of PCs or exploit them to enhance NP functions. Studying the interactions between proteins and NPs will provide insights into their clinical activity in health and disease. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The formation of protein corona (PC) will affect the operation of nanoparticles (NPs) in vivo. Since there are many proteins in the blood, it is impossible to completely overcome the formation of PC. Therefore, the use of PCs to deliver drug is the best choice. De-opsonins adsorbed on NPs can reduce macrophage phagocytosis and cytotoxicity of NPs, and prolong their circulation in blood. Albumin, apolipoprotein and transferrin are typical de-opsonins. In present review, we mainly discuss how to optimize the delivery of nanoparticles through the formation of albumin corona, transferrin corona and apolipoprotein corona in vivo or in vitro.

To analyze peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) thickness (pRNFLT) alterations in non-glaucomatous eyes with high myopia (HM), and to describe its relationship with some optic disk (OD) morphologic features.

A cross-sectional case-control study includes 185 Caucasian subjects with HM and 122 healthy controls. Results of the pRNFLT analysis provided by optical coherence tomography were compared between the HM and control group, and the effects of some morphological features of OD, including tilt, OD radius, and peripapillary chorioretinal atrophy (pCRA) extension, on pRNFLT analysis were investigated.

The mean pRNFL of the HM group was significantly thinner than the control group in the inferior (p <0.001), superior (p <0.001), and nasal (p=0.001) quadrants. In the HM group, the superior quadrant pRNFL was significantly thinner in the tilted OD subgroup compared to the non-tilted OD subgroup (p <0.001). The mean pRNFLT was negatively correlated with pCRA extension in the inferior (r =-0.209 and p=0.020), superior (r =-0.308 and p <0.001), and nasal (r =-0.235 and p=0.008) quadrants.

In non-glaucomatous Caucasian subjects with HM, pRNFL is thinner compared to controls in the inferior, superior, and nasal quadrants, and this thinning is negatively correlated with pCRA extension. Superior quadrant pRNFL is also thinner in tilted OD than non-tilted OD. The morphological characteristics of OD in non-glaucomatous eyes with HM are closely associated with the results of pRNFLT analysis.

In non-glaucomatous Caucasian subjects with HM, pRNFL is thinner compared to controls in the inferior, superior, and nasal quadrants, and this thinning is negatively correlated with pCRA extension. Superior quadrant pRNFL is also thinner in tilted OD than non-tilted OD. The morphological characteristics of OD in non-glaucomatous eyes with HM are closely associated with the results of pRNFLT analysis.

Different therapies such as clindamycin, rifampicin, isotretinoin, or corticosteroids have been used for folliculitis decalvans with poor results. Recently, PDT has been used for treating folliculitis decalvans more frequently. However, the efficacy of PDT for treating folliculitis decalvans is lacking consensus. In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluated the status of PDT for the treatment of folliculitis decalvans.

13 cases of folliculitis decalvans patients were treated with ALA-PDT. The treatment totals 3 times, and the interval between each treatment was 10-14 days. A follow-up was conducted at 12 months after the last treatment. The condition was graded according to the following evaluation criteria recovery, significant improvement, moderate improvement, ineffective.

A total of 7 cases improved significantly, and 6 cases improved moderately followed the first treatment. After the second treatment, 10 cases showed significant improvement, and 2 cases responded poorer than the first treatment. After the third treatment, 4 cases recovered, 7 cases improved significantly, and 2 case moderately improved. At the 12-months follow-up, 9 out of 13 patients were well controlled and with no recurrence. The other 4 patients relapsed.

In summary, photodynamic therapy shows overall favorable effect on folliculitis decalvans and should be considered as a  method for the treatment of folliculitis decalvans.

In summary, photodynamic therapy shows overall favorable effect on folliculitis decalvans and should be considered as a  method for the treatment of folliculitis decalvans.This report presents the clinical and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) findings from a case of acute and chronic solar retinopathy (SR) caused by sun gazing while under the influence of the hallucinogenic drug methylenedioxymethamphetamine, which is commonly known as ecstasy. This retrospective and observational case report involves a 16-year-old male patient who developed disruption of all foveolar layers two days after using ecstasy and subsequently gazing at the sun. KT 474 molecular weight The patient underwent visual acuity testing, dilated fundus examination, visual field analysis, OCT, and OCTA imaging. He exhibited visual recovery with the permanent disruption of the photoreceptor outer layers, and demonstrated enlargement in the deep foveal avascular zone areas during later follow-up periods, from one month to two years. This report aims to draw attention to SR that may occur after sun gazing while using hallucinogenic drugs and the importance of OCT and OCTA imaging in follow-up exams in such cases.

Isolated lung metastases in sarcoma and colorectal cancer patients are inadequately treated with current standard therapies. In Vivo Lung Perfusion, a novel platform, could overcome limitations to photodynamic therapy treatment volumes by using low cellular perfusate, removing blood, theoretically allowing greater light penetration. To develop personalized photodynamic therapy protocols requires in silico light propagation simulations based on optical properties and maximal permissible photodynamic threshold dose of lung tissue. This study presents quantification of optical properties for two perfusates and the photodynamic threshold for 5-ALA and Chlorin e6.

Porcine and human lungs were placed on Ex Vivo Lung Perfusion, and perfused with acellular solution or blood. Isotropic diffusers were placed within bronchi and on lung surface for light transmission measurements, from which absorption and light scattering properties were calculated at multiple wavelengths. Separately, pigs were injected with 5-ALA oc therapy protocols in the lung, especially during lung perfusion.Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a rare disease and this pathology provokes insufficient oncological alertness among clinicians. A possible way to increase the accuracy of early diagnosis of rare skin neoplasms is "optical biopsy" using Raman spectroscopy tissue response. This case report of a 32-year-old woman with a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans demonstrates that Raman spectroscopy based "optical biopsy" can help to diagnose rare tumors.