Watersshepard0819
Open questions about memory B cell longevity, renewal and progenitor-successor relationships with plasma cells are discussed.The nephroprotective effect of standardized aqueous root extract of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash (Family Poaceae) was investigated in doxorubicin-induced (20 mg/kg, ip) experimental nephrotoxicity model of Wistar rats. The freeze-dried aqueous refluxed (4 hr) root extract of V. zizanioides (25, 50; equivalent human therapeutic dose and 100 mg/kg) was administered separately to nephrotoxic Wistar rats (n = 6/group). Supplement of V. zizanioides resulted a dose-dependent reduction in raised serum creatinine, β2 -microglobulin, and blood urea nitrogen and a subsequent increase in serum total protein and albumin in nephrotoxic rats (p less then .05). An attenuation of the doxorubicin-induced features of renal parenchymal injury was observed on H- and E-stained sections of the kidney tissues. Nootkatone, dehydroaromadendrene, isokhusenic acid, α-vetivone, and isolongifolene were identified in the methanol extract of V. zizanioides based on the GC-MS chromatogram analysis. The findings revealed that the supplement of standardized aqueous root extract of V. zizanioides had a significant dose-dependent nephroprotective activity against doxorubicin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Vetiveria zizanioides is a medicinal plant with a variety of therapeutic applications in kidney-related diseases. Apparently, it is used as a food ingredient due to its fresh and elegant scent and potential bioactivities. The aqueous root extract of V. zizanioides exerted relatively high antioxidant potential in vitro, substantiating the health effects of the plant pertaining to kidney diseases as a potential source of dietary antioxidant. The administration of the plant extract resulted in significant nephroprotection against doxorubicin-induced experimental nephrotoxicity revealing the significance of V. zizanioides as a promising dietary supplement in the management of kidney disease.
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) is the primary cause of transfusion-related mortality. Speed and volume of transfusion are major risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion speed and volume on the development of TACO.
A validated model for TACO in anaemic Lewis rats with an acute myocardial infarction was used. The effect on pulmonary hydrostatic pressure of one, two or four units of packed RBCs transfused in either 30 or 60 min was evaluated (3.3-26.6ml·kg
·hr
). Pulmonary capillary pressure was measured as left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). Cardiac stress biomarkers atrial natriuretic-peptide (ANP) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were measured 1-h post-transfusion.
Thirty animals were included (n=5 per group). Transfusion of RBCs increased LVEDP in a volume-dependent manner (ΔLVEDP [mmHg] -0.95, +0.50, +6.26, p < 0.001). Fast transfusion increased overall ΔLVEDP by +3.5 mmHg and up to +11.8 mmHg in the four units' group (p=0.016). Doubling transfusion speed increased ΔLVEDP more than doubling volume in the larger volume groups. No difference in ANP or NT-proBNP were seen in high transfusion volume or groups.
Transfusion volume dose-dependently increased LVEDP, with speed of transfusion rapidly elevating LVEDP at higher transfusion volumes. ANP and NT-proBNP were not impacted by transfusion volume or speed in this model. TACO is seen as purely volume overload, however, this study emphasizes that limiting transfusion speed, as a modifiable risk factor, might aid in preventing TACO.
Transfusion volume dose-dependently increased LVEDP, with speed of transfusion rapidly elevating LVEDP at higher transfusion volumes. ANP and NT-proBNP were not impacted by transfusion volume or speed in this model. TACO is seen as purely volume overload, however, this study emphasizes that limiting transfusion speed, as a modifiable risk factor, might aid in preventing TACO.Probiotics can improve dyslipidemia and promote metabolic control as a therapeutic approach for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The hypoglycemic effects of space-induced Lactobacillus plantarum SS18-5 on T2DM were explored in 4-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats. The normal (N) group was fed a basal diet, while the other groups received a high glucose fat diet. T2DM was established by streptozotocin injection and the T2DM rats were randomly divided into three groups, a diabetic (D) group (T2DM rats treated with saline only), GS18 group (T2DM rats treated with 109 CFU/ml of L. plantarum GS18), and SS18-5 group (T2DM rats treated with 109 CFU/ml of L. plantarum SS18-5). After continuous gavage for 6 weeks, blood biochemical indices were measured and livers were collected for histopathological examination. The colon contents were collected for counting of Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Lactobacillus sp. The results showed that L. plantarum SS18-5 effectively controlled the weight of rats, reducedhance immune capacity, and regulate intestinal microflora, which has potential use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.Microfluidic particle focusing has been a vital prerequisite step in sample preparation for downstream particle separation, counting, detection, or analysis, and has attracted broad applications in biomedical and chemical areas. Besides all the active and passive focusing methods in Newtonian fluids, particle focusing in viscoelastic fluids has been attracting increasing interest because of its advantages induced by intrinsic fluid property. However, to achieve a well-defined focusing position, there is a need to extend channel lengths when focusing micrometer-sized or sub-microsized particles, which would result in the size increase of the microfluidic devices. This work investigated the sheathless viscoelastic focusing of particles and cells in a zigzag microfluidic channel. Benefit from the zigzag structure of the channel, the channel length and the footprint of the device can be reduced without sacrificing the focusing performance. In this work, the viscoelastic focusing, including the focusing of 10 μm polystyrene particles, 5 μm polystyrene particles, 5 μm magnetic particles, white blood cells (WBCs), red blood cells (RBCs), and cancer cells, were all demonstrated. Moreover, magnetophoretic separation of magnetic and nonmagnetic particles after viscoelastic pre-focusing was shown. This focusing technique has the potential to be used in a range of biomedical applications.
The EPISoDe (Experience Success in Donation) study investigated the effect of interventions on self-reported vasovagal reactions (VVRs) in first-time and novice (second to fourth donation) whole blood donors aged ≤30 years, demonstrating a 23% reduction of VVR from water drinking shortly before donation in the novice donors. Because donation experience and complications affect donor retention, we analysed intervention group donors' return for subsequent donation, a predefined secondary outcome.
The interventions were as follows 330 ml water, 500 ml water, ball squeezing before phlebotomy (placebo) and a control group. All donors received an online questionnaire about their experience within a week after donation. In the Netherlands, eligible donors are invited at least yearly depending on hospitals' needs. We analysed attendances within 421 days through return percentages and binomial logistic regression.
Of the 8300 EPISoDe participants, 6538 (78.8%) returned within 421 days. selleck Return did not differ between the two water groups, whereas odds for return were significantly higher in both water and placebo intervention donors compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.29 and 1.22, 1.05-1.43, respectively) after adjustment for occurrence of VVR, unsuccessful collection, gender and donation history. Staff-recorded or self-reported VVR at index donation was associated with reduced odds for return (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.37-0.60 and OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.46-0.61, respectively).
In this cohort of younger inexperienced blood donors, 78.8% returned for subsequent donation. Donors who received an active study intervention, either water or placebo, were more likely to return than control group donors.
In this cohort of younger inexperienced blood donors, 78.8% returned for subsequent donation. Donors who received an active study intervention, either water or placebo, were more likely to return than control group donors.
A statewide 6-month school administrator health and wellness program encouraged participants to use a fitness tracker to self-monitor their physical activity and sleep patterns. The purpose of this study was to examine participants' experience in a school administrator health and wellness program and their perceptions of the impact on health-related behaviors, including activity/movement, nutrition, and sleep.
Each of the 45 participants completed a semi-structured interview at three points in the program. Questions were designed to discern school administrators' perceptions of their ideal health and wellness balance at home and work.
School administrators reported new insights into their own well-being, benefits of social supports in their personal wellness journey, an expanded understanding of their ideal health and wellness balance at home and work, and a stronger sense of serving as a role model who needs to take care of him/herself.
Although the program was helpful in establishing an ideal health and wellness balance at home and work for some school administrators, future programs should better emphasize nutrition and scaffold opportunities to maintain new habits following program completion.
Although the program was helpful in establishing an ideal health and wellness balance at home and work for some school administrators, future programs should better emphasize nutrition and scaffold opportunities to maintain new habits following program completion.
Laser smoke is a biohazard that contains potentially dangerous toxic and biological components. In laser hair removal (LHR), practitioners undergo prolonged exposure asthis procedure is widely used without protective measures. Little is known about the effect of smoke evacuators on ultrafine particle concentrations during LHR. This study aims to assess the effect of different laser devices and different smoke evacuators on the ultrafine particle concentrations in the room during LHR.
In a prospective observational study, we included patients with skin phototypes 2-4 for 755 nm Alexandrite LHR at two study sites, receiving treatment in axillae and pubic areas. Ultrafine particle concentrations were measured during LHR for two different alexandrite lasers, with and without an external smoke evacuator. Moreover, we assessed a device for LHR with a smoke evacuator integrated into the handpiece. Primary outcomes were the concentration of ultrafine particles (0.2-0.3 µm) per m
at 1 min after initiation of trecentrations during LHR. Once particle concentrations are elevated and the process had been completed, clearance of ultrafine particles is rather slow.
