Wutolstrup1190

During the coronavirus pandemic of 2019, there has been an upsurge in the number of reported cases of facial dermatosis caused by face masks wearing within the general population. Face mask-induced facial dermatosis has been investigated previously in healthcare workers without involving the general population. However, as a precautionary measure against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, wearing a face mask has become mandatory for the general population, similar to healthcare workers. Objective To measure the prevalence of COVID-19 pandemic-induced facial dermatosis. Also, to determine the type of face mask used that causes the most facial dermatosis and the association between prolonged usage of face masks and facial dermatosis in Western Saudi Arabia's population.

The study covers the Western region of Saudi Arabia. A self-administered Google survey was shared on social media. The study used prior surveys from similar studies. The data collection included participants' demographic inforon, there is a strong association between the duration of wearing the mask and facial dermatosis.

The prevalence of facial mask-induced facial dermatosis is 41.7% of the general population in which surgical mask was responsible for most cases. MK-5108 order In addition, there is a strong association between the duration of wearing the mask and facial dermatosis.Objective During the COVID-19 pandemic, certain precautionary measures were implemented to limit its effect, including the cancellation of clinics and elective surgical lists. To determine the impact, if any, of the pandemic on the running of a neurosurgical service, an audit was performed on the volume of referrals, admissions and type of surgeries performed at a tertiary institute in a low-resource setting. Methods An audit of the neurosurgical department's database was performed on the number of referrals, admissions, surgical procedures, and types of procedures done at the San Fernando General Hospital. This was divided into two 15-month periods, pre-pandemic (January 1, 2019 to March 31, 2020) and intra-pandemic (April 1, 2020 - June 30, 2021). Results During the pre-pandemic period (January 1, 2019 - March 31, 2020), 2,597 patients were referred to the service and 309 major procedures were performed. Two thousand and forty-two patients were referred during the intra-pandemic (April 4, 2020 - June 30, 2021) period, with 354 surgeries performed. More external ventricular drains (29 vs 50), craniotomies for trauma (73 vs 98), anterior cervical fusion (42 vs 47), lumbar fusions (9 vs 12), ventriculo-peritoneal shunts (16 vs 19) and aneurysm clipping (10 vs 13) were done during the intra-pandemic period. Conclusion Although elective surgical procedures and clinics were reduced, the number of patients seen and total procedures performed did not vary significantly. The neurosurgical pathology encountered remained constant during the pandemic. This shows the importance of maintaining a fully functional neurosurgical service, as we continue to adapt to the COVID-19 pandemic.A 93-year-old female presented with persistent shortness of breath and wheezing since the consumption of a meal. Her past medical history is significant for a clinical diagnosis of asthma at the age of 88 years, without pulmonary function testing, complicated by several prior visits to the emergency department (ED) for recurrent exacerbations. Multiple bronchodilators in the ED provided only minimal improvement in her symptoms. Chest imaging eventually revealed a giant, fluid-filled hiatal hernia exhibiting a compressive effect on the posterior aspect of the left atrium. The etiology of the patient's airway bronchoconstriction was likely multifactorial. We hypothesize that the extrinsic, dynamic compression of the bronchial tree by the peristaltic motion of the hiatal hernia, microaspiration from gastroesophageal reflux, and peribronchial edema from left atrial compression accounted for our patient's unique presentation. An outpatient methacholine challenge test eventually excluded bronchial asthma. Although she was considered a poor surgical candidate, she has had no further recurrences of her symptoms with counseling on conservative lifestyle changes. This case serves to highlight the heterogeneity in presentations of hiatal hernias, particularly in elderly females. Furthermore, it remains prudent to maintain a broad differential for wheezing, as evidenced by our patient who was previously managed for a number of years as poorly controlled asthma.Ross syndrome is a rare disorder of the peripheral autonomic nervous system characterized by a triad of tonic pupils with light-near dissociation, segmental anhidrosis, and areflexia. Though having a benign course, the disease can cause significant social embarrassment. Both our cases presented with complaints of segmental facial hyperhidrosis. The first case with a one-year history had findings of segmental anhidrosis up to T4 thoracic level, left tonic pupil, and absent right ankle reflex. While the second case with a history of five years had bilateral tonic pupil, absent lower limb reflexes, anhidrosis of left face, neck, and upper trunk up to T4 level, apart from having associated Horner's syndrome. Minor's (starch-iodine) test and dilute pilocarpine test were helpful for diagnosis in both cases, indicating areas of anhidrosis and pupillary cholinergic denervation hypersensitivity respectively. Both cases were provided counseling and managed conservatively.With the rise of COVID-19, the use of aerosol boxes when interacting with COVID-19 patients has increased. However, their use has been controversial. We have been involved in the development of a dome-shaped aerosol containment device with negative pressure (DAWN), an aerosol box that can maintain negative pressure inside at all times. There are two types of DAWN one is mounted on a bed (bed type) and the other is mounted on a stretcher (stretcher type). Each device has its own characteristics and can be selected depending on the situation. The bed type has enough space inside to allow procedures to be performed easily. The stretcher type can be attached to a stretcher and can maintain negative pressure when the patient is being moved. Due to the negative pressure structure and easy change of nonwoven fabric adopted in both types of DAWN, it is expected to prevent the scattering of aerosol when it is removed, which is a problem of conventional aerosol boxes. DAWN will contribute to reducing the enormous psychological stress of medical personnel who treat infections, and will contribute to reducing aerosol dispersion.Statins are a widely prescribed medication that lowers serum cholesterol by inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, a rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. Myopathy is one of the well-known adverse effects of statins, mainly when prescribed with the fibrates. However, statin-induced autoimmune necrotizing myopathy (SIANM) is an infrequent and severe complication. Hence, all clinicians should be more vigilant regarding this complication and treat it early to prevent acute kidney injury (AKI).

Cerebellar pilocytic astrocytoma (PCA) is one of the few CNS tumors that can be cured with gross-total removal (GTR). In this series, we had 39 patients diagnosed with cerebellar PCA, 27 patients (70%) had GTR, and mean follow-up period was 62 months with no tumor recurrence.

To assess the long-term outcome of childhood cerebellar PCA treated at our institute during the period 2000-2020 and to highlightour surgical protocol.

Retrospective review of all patients under 18years of age who were diagnosed with cerebellarPCA andhad surgical excisionbetween 2000 and 2020 at the Medical City of King Saud University.

The study included 39 patients 17 males and 22 females, the mean age was 8.4 years.Radiologically, the tumor was solid in eight patients, cystic in 15 patients, and mixed components were found in 16 patients. The lesion waslocatedin the right cerebellar hemisphere in 12 patients, left cerebellar hemisphere in five patients, and midline 22 patients. The tumor size ranged from 2 to 7 cm in its great It is easy to harvest pericranial graft from the external ventricular drain (EVD) site. The insertion of EVD synchronously with GTR of the tumor and gradual weaning of EVD could avoid the insertion of V-P shunt.

GTR, if achievable, is curative for childhood cerebellar PCA. Many posterior fossa surgical complications could be avoided with watertight dural closure. Although new dural substitutes are available we prefer using autologous grafts (pericranium). It is easy to harvest pericranial graft from the external ventricular drain (EVD) site. The insertion of EVD synchronously with GTR of the tumor and gradual weaning of EVD could avoid the insertion of V-P shunt.Inguinal hernia repair is a commonly performed surgical procedure and generally is well tolerated with minimal complications. We present the case of a 70-year-old male with an anomalous tract involving the subcutaneous tissue and cecum after an open right inguinal hernia repair via plug and patch approach. A partial cecectomy with appendectomy with excision of the tract was performed. While most complications are relatively minor and fistulas are quite rare, mesh migration is a possibility that should be considered during preoperative planning for recurrent hernia surgery.Hip fractures commonly occur in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. Contracting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) when healing from hip fractures places the patients at a higher risk of respiratory compromise and death. This study aimed to compare the 30- and 90-day mortality rates of patients with hip fracture with and without COVID-19. The secondary aim was to determine the impact of COVID-19 on the parameters of morbidity such as health complications and length of hospital stay. All patients with hip fractures who presented to our hospital between March and December 2020 were classified into one of two subgroups those with a clinical and/or laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 and those without. Patient demographics, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, Nottingham Hip Fracture Score, Charlson Comorbidity Index, complications, length of stay, and 30- and 90-day mortality rates were measured in patients with hip fractures with and without a clinical diagnosis of COVID-19. We found that COVID-19 infection independently increased the 30- and 90-day mortality rates, respiratory complications, and length of hospital stay in patients with hip fractures. This is the first study to report the 90-day mortality of COVID-19 infection in such patients.Hyperglycemia is a common complication among transplant patients without a history of diabetes mellitus (DM). Although new and potent immunosuppressants have improved short and long-term outcomes after transplantation, these drugs themselves may be associated with a greater risk of hyperglycemia. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) in post renal transplant patients in Sudan, and compare the effect of cyclosporine and tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive regimens. All adult kidney transplant recipients without pre-transplant diabetes who attended the transplant clinic at Ahmed Gasim Cardiac Surgery and Renal Transplant Center in Sudan were included. A total of 100 cases with functioning kidney allografts were enrolled in this study. The majority of cases were in the age range between 20 and 60 years (92%). Males and females were nearly equally distributed (56% vs 44%). Fifty-two percent of patients were on cyclosporine and 48% on tacrolimus. Overall, 18% of patients suffered from post-transplant diabetes mellitus.