Foleykonradsen3805

We evaluate our system using 867 images for which we have obtained line-intersect counts, attaining a Spearman rank correlation of 0.9748 and an r 2 of 0.9217. We also achieve an F 1 of 0.7 when comparing the automated segmentation to the manual annotations, with our automated segmentation system producing segmentations with higher quality than the manual annotations for large portions of the image. Conclusion We have demonstrated the feasibility of a U-Net based CNN system for segmenting images of roots in soil and for replacing the manual line-intersect method. The success of our approach is also a demonstration of the feasibility of deep learning in practice for small research groups needing to create their own custom labelled dataset from scratch. © The Author(s) 2020.Background Inflammation is an important mechanism in the pathogenesis of delirium. Since delirium might reduce by anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 fatty acids. Based on this respect, a study was conducted to indicate the effect of omega-3 fatty acids in the prevention of delirium in mechanically ventilated patients. Materials and Methods This study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. One hundred and sixty-eight mechanically ventilated patients were selected in the investigation. Patients were randomly allocated to receive either 2 g of omega-3 syrup or placebo once a day. Twice daily delirium was assessed due to Confusion Assessment Method and the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale. The number of days with delirium during the first 10 days of admission was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes had been included duration of mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and mortality. Results Patient-days with delirium (P = 0.032), the number of ICU stay (P = 0.02), and mechanical ventilation (P = 0.042) days in omega-3 group significantly were lower than control group. Mortality was not significantly different between two groups. check details Conclusion Omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the risk of delirium in mechanically ventilated patients. Copyright © 2020 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.Background Lower extremity pain after orthopedic surgery is so frequent that has led to many treatment modalities. This study aims to compare the prophylactic effects of oral gabapentin, pregabalin, and celecoxib on reducing postsurgical pain of the lower extremity orthopedic surgery. Materials and Methods In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, 120 patients were randomly divided into four groups using block design randomization. 1 h before spinal anesthesia, the studied groups received 300 mg oral gabapentin; 75 mg oral pregabalin; 200 mg oral celecoxib; and starch as placebo. The severity of postoperative pain (using visual analog scale), mean arterial pressure, heart rate, opioid consumption dose, and drug side effects were recorded for six times (each 60 min up to two times and then every 6 h for the next four times). Chi-square, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and ANOVA repeated measure tests were used for statistical analysis. Results Significant reduction of pain severity was observed only at the first time measurement between pregabalin and placebo groups (P 0.014). Patients in the pregabalin group required lower dose of opioid compared to placebo group during admission in surgical ward. There were no significant differences concerning pain reduction, opioid administration, and side effects between pregabalin, gabapentin, and celecoxib groups. Conclusion Taking 75 mg oral pregabalin before lower extremity orthopedic surgery can attenuate postoperative pain, especially during the 1st h postoperation as well as less opioid consumption and much more patients' satisfaction. Copyright © 2020 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a neglected disease prevalent in developing countries with high burden and mortality rate, and there is no effective treatment. We aimed to investigate β-eudesmol molecular target of action in human CCA cell lines using the selected key molecules of apoptotic pathways. Materials and Methods Two CCA cell lines (HuH28 and HuCCT1) were assessed at different time points after β-eudesmol treatment for mRNA and protein expression profiles of caspase-3, -8, -9, p53, p21, Bcl-2, and Bax by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. Results β-eudesmol induced expressions of p21 and p53 in mRNA/protein level in HuH28 and HuCCT1 cells. These CCA cells also expressed caspase-3, -8, -9 and bax (mRNA and/or protein level) among others after β-eudesmol treatment indicating its role in both intrinsic and extrinsic caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways. Conclusion The study demonstrated that β-eudesmol induced the expression of apoptosis pathway proteins, suggesting its potential role in promoting the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway, and induction of the cell cycle arrest in CCA cell lines. β-eudesmol can be considered as a potential compound for further investigation as an anti-CCA agent. Copyright © 2020 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.Background Acute kidney injury is a high-risk complication in a variety of clinical situations mostly due to ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries. The novel idea of remote ischemic preconditioning (rIPC) was proposed to prevent serious ischemia sequels. To address the controversy of previous reports, the current study was performed to assess the effect of rIPC on kidney IR injury. Materials and Methods Male BALB/c mice were exposed to either rIPC or sham intervention, 24 h before kidney IR. In two independent sets of experiments, rIPC was accomplished by inducing three cycles of 5 min ischemia with 5 min reperfusion intervals through the ligation of the left external iliac artery or infrarenal abdominal aorta. Kidney IR injury was performed by left renal pedicle occlusion for 35 min and simultaneous right nephrectomy. After 48 h, mice were sacrificed for the assessment of kidney function and structure. Results According to the serum urea and creatinine, as well as histopathological measures, none of the exploited rIPC procedures could significantly protect against kidney IR injury.