Stougaardlake9887
Ten years following an index date of mTBI exposure or mid-point of military deployment, combat-exposed SM/Vs with both mTBI history and PTSD had the highest rates of depression symptoms, pain, and sleep apnea risk relative to SM/Vs without both of these conditions. SM/Vs with PTSD, irrespective of mTBI history, had high rates of obesity, sleep problems, and pain.
The long-term symptom reporting and health comorbidities among SM/Vs with mTBI history and PTSD suggest that ongoing monitoring and intervention is critical for addressing symptoms and improving quality of life.
The long-term symptom reporting and health comorbidities among SM/Vs with mTBI history and PTSD suggest that ongoing monitoring and intervention is critical for addressing symptoms and improving quality of life.
Discourse impairments are common sequelae following TBI. Even though handling discourse is thought to be a basic requirement for social participation and quality of life, few test procedures to assess discourse disorders have been developed so far.
The main aim of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate the use of the MAKRO Screening for detecting deficits in discourse production and reception in a group of participants with TBI in the post-acute and chronic phase and their relation to executive functions (EF) and severity of brain injury.
Twenty individuals with TBI and a control group of healthy speakers performed on the MAKRO and on tests of EF (Regensburger Verbal Fluency Test; Tower of London; WAIS-IV digit span index). Group performance was evaluated on the basis of a scoring system and qualitative discourse analysis with focus on main concepts and coherence. Further, MAKRO scores were correlated with measures of EF.
Individuals with TBI demonstrated significantly poorer performance within all MAKRO subtests. Discourse analysis revealed fewer main concepts and more frequent use of thematically inappropriate utterances. Performance can be partly explained by severity of initial injury and executive disorders. MAKRO presents a reliable and functional measure for discourse impairments.
Individuals with TBI demonstrated significantly poorer performance within all MAKRO subtests. Discourse analysis revealed fewer main concepts and more frequent use of thematically inappropriate utterances. Performance can be partly explained by severity of initial injury and executive disorders. MAKRO presents a reliable and functional measure for discourse impairments.
Return to independent driving is an important goal following acquired brain injury which may be explored through driving rehabilitation. Whilst on-road driving remediation often form the basis for rehabilitation, the efficacy of such intervention is uncertain.
To describe current evidence regarding the use of on-road driving remediation to facilitate return to independent driving following acquired brain injury and define gaps in research.
CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE (OVID), PsycInfo and Scopus were the primary information sources searched 8th and 29th January 2020 using the Joanna Briggs Institute protocol for scoping review.
Searching identified 904 studies, after 442 duplicates were eliminated, 462 studies screened. Title and abstract screening revealed 447 irrelevant studies with 13 full-text studies assessed for eligibility. Six studies [cohort studies (n=4) and case report (n=2)] were selected for data extraction. c.
Emerging evidence indicates a level of support for the use of on-road driving remediation as a rehabilitation tool following acquired brain injury. Further research is required to define which goals are suited to on-road remediation as a return to driving intervention and explore the capacity of participants to sustain any gains made through on-road driving remediation at follow-up.
Emerging evidence indicates a level of support for the use of on-road driving remediation as a rehabilitation tool following acquired brain injury. Further research is required to define which goals are suited to on-road remediation as a return to driving intervention and explore the capacity of participants to sustain any gains made through on-road driving remediation at follow-up.
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) on periodontal homeostasis in mice and the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs).
Micro-computed tomography and histology were performed to compare the alveolar bone volume, density, and bone-related markers between PEDF-deficient (PEDF
) and wild-type (WT) mice. Furthermore, after recombinant human PEDF treatment, the PDLF viability and osteogenic differentiation were examined using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay, Von Kossa staining, Alizarin red staining, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and immunoblotting.
The alveolar bone volume and density of PEDF
mice were significantly lower than those of the WT mice. Higher receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) expression and lower osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression levels were observed in the PEDF
group. Moreover, PEDF treatment did not affect the PDLF proliferation. PEDF dose-dependently improved mineral deposition. Compared with the control group, 250ng/mL PEDF promoted OPG mRNA expression in PDLFs on Day 3 but inhibited RANKL, Wnt5a, GSK3b mRNA, and non-phosphorylated β-catenin protein expression. However, 250ng/mL PEDF had no significant effect on the expression of Wnt3a. On Day 7, after culture with 250ng/mL PEDF in osteogenic medium, the ALP and RUNX2 protein levels were upregulated. VEGF protein expression was reduced in a dose-dependent manner after PEDF stimulation. The PEDF protein expression increased as the osteogenic induction time increased.
PEDF gene knockout suppresses periodontal homeostasis in mice, and PEDF treatment induces PDLF osteogenic differentiation
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PEDF gene knockout suppresses periodontal homeostasis in mice, and PEDF treatment induces PDLF osteogenic differentiation in vitro.Gut microbiota (GM) is essential for host health, and changes in the GM are related to the development of various diseases. Recently, secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), the most abundant immunoglobulin isotype in the intestinal mucosa, has been found to play an essential role in controlling GM. SIgA dysfunction can lead to changes in the GM and is associated with the development of various GM-related diseases. Although in early stage, recent studies have shown that assorted dietary interventions, including vitamins, amino acids, fatty acids, polyphenols, oligo/polysaccharides, and probiotics, can influence the intestinal SIgA response and SIgA-GM interaction. Dietary intervention can enhance the SIgA response by directly regulating it (from top to bottom) or by regulating the GM structure or gene expression (from bottom to top). Furthermore, intensive studies involving the particular influence of dietary intervention on SIgA-binding to the GM and SIgA repertoire and the precise regulation of the SIgA response via dietary intervention are still exceedingly scarce and merit further consideration. This review summarizes the existing knowledge and (possible) mechanisms of the influence of dietary intervention on the SIgA-GM interaction. Key issues are considered, and the approaches in addressing these issues in future studies are also discussed.
A systematic review was performed to determine if the continuous laryngoscopy exercise test (CLE) has been used in the diagnostics of exercise dyspnea in adults with asthma, and whether inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO) is found in those with asthma or with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma.
We used Scopus and PubMed databases. The articles published up to 13 August 2019 were considered.
We excluded manuscripts that did not contain information about adult patients with asthma. We included six studies from 59 search results in Scopus and none from the 17 search results in PubMed.
The articles included 455 study individuals. Of these, 229 (50.3%) had diagnosed asthma or were treated with asthma medication. Altogether 31/229 (13.5%) subjects with diagnosis of asthma or previous asthma treatment had exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) as comorbidity. The CLE test was performed on 229 patients with asthma. The method was used only for differential diagnosis of exercise-induced dyspnea to confirm EILO. At least 10/455 (2.2%) out of the 455 subjects experienced adverse events.
This systematic review revealed that only a small proportion of patients with asthma had undergone the CLE test to assess exercise-induced dyspnea. None of the selected manuscripts reported severity of asthma. Whether CLE provides a valuable diagnostic tool for patients with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma cannot be determined according to this review.
This systematic review revealed that only a small proportion of patients with asthma had undergone the CLE test to assess exercise-induced dyspnea. None of the selected manuscripts reported severity of asthma. Whether CLE provides a valuable diagnostic tool for patients with severe or difficult-to-treat asthma cannot be determined according to this review.
To compare treatment patterns of United States (US) veterans stable on innovator infliximab (IFX) who switched to an IFX biosimilar (switchers) or remained on innovator IFX (continuers).
US Veterans Healthcare Administration data (01/2012-12/2019) were used to identify adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), plaque psoriasis (PsO), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), or Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (i.e. inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]), treated with innovator or biosimilar IFX. Index date was the first IFX biosimilar administration for switchers or a random innovator IFX administration for continuers. Patients were required to have ≥5 innovator IFX administrations during the 12 months pre-index (prevalent population). Patients with ≥12 months of observation prior to the first innovator IFX administration were analyzed as the primary population (incident population), and data were assessed from start of innovator IFX. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to bal to innovator IFX) than those remaining on innovator IFX; however, reasons for discontinuation and switching are unknown.
Patients switching from innovator to biosimilar IFX were more likely to discontinue treatment and switch to another innovator biologic (notably back to innovator IFX) than those remaining on innovator IFX; however, reasons for discontinuation and switching are unknown.
Open-angle glaucoma (OAG), accounting for 90% of all glaucoma cases, is a progressive optic nerve neuropathy. It may lead to irreversible loss of visual field and complete blindness. When conservative treatment becomes insufficient to stop OAG progression, a surgical intervention is considered. Currently, canaloplasty procedure is being introduced instead of conventional trabeculectomy for invasive OAG treatment. The aim of the study is to asses safety and efficacy of canaloplasty.
This prospective study included 67 eyes that received 360° canaloplasty with placement of a tensioning suture. Primary OAG (n=35), secondary OAG in pseudoexfoliative syndrome (n=13), and pigmentary glaucoma (n=19) patients were included. find more Control check-ups were conducted pre-operatively and in a 18-month follow-up time. Study endpoints involved reduction in IOP values and in the number of glaucoma medications after the intervention.
The intervention led to a significant 38% reduction in IOP value from the preoperative baseline to 18months after the intervention.
