Ruizlink3787
Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the good potential of PTT/PDT for tumor inhibitors.
The TB@PLGA NPs prepared in this study were applied as a dual-mode phototherapeutic agent under single laser irradiation. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the good potential of PTT/PDT for tumor inhibitors.
The biofilms could protect bacteria from antibiotics and promote the production of drug-resistant strains, making the bacteria more difficult to be eradicated. Thus, we developed an AMP@PDA@AgNPs nanocomposite, which is formed by modifying silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antimicrobial peptides (AMP) modified nanocomposite to destroy biofilm in this study.
The AMP@PDA@AgNPs nanocomposite was prepared with polymerization method and characterized by using ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The antibacterial effects of the nanocomposite were investigated by using agar diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test. The quantitative analysis of the biofilm formation by the nanocomposite was conducted using crystal violet staining and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).
The DLS and TEM analysis showed it was a spherical nanocomposite with 200 nm size at of bacterial infection.
Nanoparticles are extensively applied in pharmaceutical, agriculture, food processing industries, and in many other fields. In the current experiment, we have determined the mechanism of toxicity of lanthanum oxide nanoparticles (La
O
NPs) on human liver cell lines.
Before the investigation, we have characterized the size and shape of La
O
NPs using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The mean size of the La
O
NPs was found 32 ±1.6 nm with a sheet-like shape. The cytotoxicity effect of La
O
NPs for 24 h on CHANG and HuH-7 cells was determined by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays.
The cytotoxicity was observed in a concentration-dependent manner in both cells but NPs were more toxic to HuH-7 than CHANG cells. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was determined using fluorescent dye 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) and high green fluorescence was observed in HuH-7 cells than CHANG cells. Oxidative stress biomarker such as glutathione (GSH) was decreased and antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) was increased but SOD level was decreased in HuH-7 cells than CHANG cells. Apoptotic cells were determined by using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Maximum percentage of the apoptotic cell was observed at 300 µg/mL in HuH-7 cells. DNA double-stranded breakage was observed by comet assay and maximum DNA damage was found in CHANG cells than HuH-7 cells at 300 µg/mL La2O3 NPs for 24 h.
Thus, this study demonstrated that La2O3 NPs were toxic to human liver cells and induced more toxicity in HuH-7 cells than CHANG cells.
Thus, this study demonstrated that La2O3 NPs were toxic to human liver cells and induced more toxicity in HuH-7 cells than CHANG cells.
Prescribing inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for bronchiectasis (BE) in the absence of obstructive lung disease is controversial. Studies investigating ICS therapy and impact on morbidity and mortality in BE are sparse.
This study comprises all patients with BE managed at respiratory outpatient clinics at two university hospitals in the Capital Region of Denmark 2014-2015. Baseline data were obtained from patient medical records, and patients were followed until April 2020.
Out of 264 patients, 122 (46%) were prescribed ICS with no demographic differences between users/non-users of ICS. Among patients prescribed ICS, 21% did not have a concomitant diagnosis of asthma or COPD. Patients prescribed ICS had lower lung function (median FEV
65.2 vs 80.9%pred, p<0.001) and a higher symptom burden in terms of cough (p 0.028), sputum production (p <0.001) and dyspnea (p <0.001).
-positive sputum cultures were more common in ICS-treated patients (6.5 vs 20%, p 0.010), as were previous severe exacerbations (41% vs 21%, p <0.001). In terms of mortality, high-dose ICS use was associated with increased mortality in multivariable Cox regression adjusted for age, sex, FEV
and concomitant asthma/COPD (HR 4.93 [95% CI 1.73-14.0], p 0.003).
In this cohort, close to one out of five patients with BE were prescribed ICS despite having no concomitant diagnosis of asthma or COPD. Overall, ICS treatment was associated with higher morbidity and mortality, though causation is difficult to establish.
In this cohort, close to one out of five patients with BE were prescribed ICS despite having no concomitant diagnosis of asthma or COPD. Overall, ICS treatment was associated with higher morbidity and mortality, though causation is difficult to establish.
Emerging evidence has reported that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are aberrantly expressed and act as significant regulators in pathological processes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here, the purpose of this article was to evaluate and clarify the biological functions and mechanism of circRNA single stranded interacting protein 1 (circ-RBMS1) in cigarette smoke (CS)-induced COPD.
Human bronchial epithelial cells 16HBE treated with or without cigarette smoke extract (CSE) were used in the experimental group in vitro. Levels of circ-RBMS1, microRNA (miR)-197-3p, and F-box only protein 11 (FBXO11) were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. The present study used cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EDU), flow cytometry and Western blot assays to determine the survival of 16HBE cells. The activity of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was evaluated using the relativuggesting a new insight into the pathogenesis of CS-induced COPD.
Circ-RBMS1 knockdown alleviated CSE-induced apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in 16HBE cells via miR-197-3p/FBXO11 axis, suggesting a new insight into the pathogenesis of CS-induced COPD.Alopecia is a challenging problem for both physicians and patients in terms of diagnosis and treatment. Alopecia usually has negative effects on patients' emotional and psychological well-being. Several studies have examined the effect of alopecia on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and have consistently reported poor scores. However, deeper insight into the impact of alopecia on affected individuals and its measurement using HRQoL questionnaires is lacking in the literature. In this article, the methods for measuring the HRQoL of patients with alopecia were comprehensively reviewed. Their applications and limitations were also discussed.
Effective pain management is limited for patients during prostate biopsy (PBx). Touch support, such as hand holding, has stress-buffering benefits and effective analgesic effects. We conducted a prospective, single-center randomized clinical trial to assess whether hand holding can reduce patient anxiety, pain, and dissatisfaction during PBx.
Between April 2020 and October 2020, 120 male patients were randomized into three groups a hand holding with relatives (HR) group, a hand holding with strangers (HS) group and a control group. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used for self-assessments of pain and satisfaction. Anxiety levels were quantified according to the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Hemodynamic changes were also measured.
The degree of pain and anxiety in the hand-holding groups was significantly better than that in the control group (
<0.001), and the patients were more willing to undergo repeat PBx (
=0.017). The anxiety levels in the HR group were significantly lower than those in the HS group (
=0.019). During PBx, the changes in systolic blood pressure and heart rate in the hand-holding groups were more stable than those in the control group (
<0.01), and the fluctuations in heart rate in the HR group were smaller than those in the HS group (
<0.01).
Hand holding, especially with relatives, can promote incremental reductions in anxiety, pain and dissatisfaction in patients during PBx. Hence, we recommend hand holding with relatives as an effective adjunct during PBx.
Hand holding, especially with relatives, can promote incremental reductions in anxiety, pain and dissatisfaction in patients during PBx. Hence, we recommend hand holding with relatives as an effective adjunct during PBx.
Kidney tubular epithelial injury is one of the key factors in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Wogonin is a kind of flavonoid, which has many pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation and anti-fibrosis. However, the effect of wogonin in renal tubular epithelial cells during DN is still unknown.
STZ-induced diabetic mice were given doses of wogonin (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) by intragastric administration for 16 weeks. The metabolic indexes from blood and urine and pathological damage of renal tubules in mice were evaluated. Navitoclax chemical structure Human tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were cultured in high glucose (HG) condition containing wogonin (2μM, 4μM, 8μM) for 24 h. Tubular epithelial cell inflammation and autophagic dysfunction both in vivo and in vitro were assessed by Western blot, qRT-PCR, IHC, and IF analyses.
The treatment of wogonin attenuated urinary albumin and histopathological damage in tubulointerstitium of diabetic mice. We also found that wogonin down-regulated the expressmedial drug against tubular epithelial injury in DN by targeting PI3K.
The Chinese herbal formula Qing-Luo-Yin (QLY) has been successfully used in rheumatoid arthritis treatment for decades. It exhibits notable immune and metabolism regulatory properties. Thereby, we investigated its effects on the interplay between (pre)-adipocytes and monocytes/macrophages under adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) circumstances.
Fat reservoir and histological characteristics of white fat tissues (WAT) in AIA rats receiving QLY treatment were examined upon sacrifice. Metabolic parameters, clinical indicators, and oxidative stress levels were determined using corresponding kits, while mRNA/protein expression was investigated by PCR and immunoblotting methods. M1 macrophage distribution in WAT was assessed by flow cytometry. The effects of QLY on (pre)-adipocytes were further validated by experiments in vitro.
Compared with normal healthy controls, body weight and circulating triglyceride were declined in AIA rats, but serological levels of free fatty acids and low-density lipoprotein cholestemed pre-adipocytes and reduced adiponectin secretion.
QLY was potent in promoting PPAR-γ expression and consequently disrupted inflammatory feedback in WAT by altering monocytes/macrophages polarization and adipocytes differentiation.
QLY was potent in promoting PPAR-γ expression and consequently disrupted inflammatory feedback in WAT by altering monocytes/macrophages polarization and adipocytes differentiation.
MBL and OXA-48 genes in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) have emerged as a major public health problem worldwide, including Thailand. Due to the lack of susceptibility data and dosing regimens of ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) against CRE in Thailand, especially in colistin-resistant era, we aimed to demonstrate in vitro susceptibility data of CZA and optimal dose based on Monte Carlo simulation of CZA to expand the treatment options.
We collected 49 carbapenem-resistant
(CRKP) clinical isolates from unique patients at Phramongkutklao Hospital (June-October 2020). CZA disk diffusion and E-test testing were performed to obtain minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Each drug regimen was simulated using the Monte Carlo technique to calculate the probability of target attainment (PTA) and the cumulative fraction of response (CFR).
The most common genotypes of CRKP were
(53.1%) and
+
(42.8%). CZA showed 47.7% and 90.5% susceptible rate against all genotypes of carbapenemases and OXA-48 type CRKP isolates.
