Perssonpedersen7092

6% of the participants had received undergraduate level training on the topic of CAN; The majority (86.5%) expressed the need for further education on this issue, and, also, 84.3% believed that it should be a part of postgraduate education. Conclusions Improvements in CAN education and continuing education courses are necessary to equip dentistry professionals with adequate knowledge about the physical and behavioral indicators of possible abuse, the current legislation regarding mandated reporting and the procedures for reporting suspected cases.Migration describes the movement of an unerupted tooth within the bone when normal eruption is prevented and the tooth leaves its normal site of development. This report describes a case of distal migration and ectopic eruption of the mandibular first premolar in an 8.5-year-old boy. Following early extraction of the primary second molar, the first premolar migrated distally through the extraction site of the primary second molar and erupted into occlusion just mesial of the permanent first molar.Objective This review analyzes the psychological variables most frequently studied over the last 10 years in children and adolescents with cleft lip/palate (CL/P). Such variables are assumed to be the keys to these patients' psychosocial adjustment. Study design Articles published from January 2007 to February 2017 were retrieved from PubMed to identify the psychological variables most commonly studied in children and adolescents with CL/P, irrespective of gender or type of cleft. The search terms were "cleft palate" and "psychology", with the operator AND. Results Of the 324 articles retrieved, 26 met the criteria for inclusion in the review. The psychological variables most extensively studied over the years were children's social functioning, quality of life and ability to cope. Conclusion While CL/P patients' quality of life was unanimously agreed to be affected, no consensus was found in the literature on social functioning or coping. In addition to the cleft, patient adjustment was reported to be governed by individual variables and mediators. The range of ages most frequently studied was 7 to 16.Objectives To evaluate the time taken and the mechanism through which the occlusion settles following the placement of a preformed metal crown (PMC) using the Hall technique. The secondary objective was to assess any temporo mandibular joint dysfunction (TMD) resulting from the Hall technique through a questionnaire. Study Design 44 children fulfilling the inclusion criteria were evaluated for changes in overbite and occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) following the placement of preformed metal crowns (PMCs) using the Hall technique. The overbite and OVD measurements were taken before treatment, immediately post treatment, then at one, two, three and four weeks post treatment. After four weeks, a questionnaire recorded the occurrence of any signs or symptoms of TMD. check details Results At the fourth week, the overbite measurement did not show a statistically significant difference (p value= 0.58) compared to baseline values indicating that the occlusion settled by the fourth week. By the third week the OVD values obtained did not show a significant difference compared to the baseline (p value= 0.42) indicating that the OVD had been restored. The questionnaire provided at the end of four weeks showed negative response for signs and symptoms of TMD in all the children. Conclusion Any changes in occlusion following the placement of a Hall crown settles in four weeks. The OVD settles three weeks post placement implying that extrusion of teeth do not play a role in settling of the occlusion. The children do not develop any signs or symptoms of TMD post a Hall crown.The present case report describes a rare case of dens evaginatus on the labial surface of mandibular incisor and interdisciplinary management including endodontic and periodontal treatment. A 10-year-old girl presented unusual whitish tubercle-like structure penetrated through the buccal gingiva of mandibular later incisor. In cone-beam computed tomographic view, pulpal tissue was extended from the principal root to the tubercle. Following full thickness flap reflection, the tubercle was carefully removed, resulting in dentin and pin-point pulp exposure. In order to prevent pulp necrosis and facilitate periodontal attachment to this area, Biodentine and enamel matrix derivative were applied. Gingival defect was compensated using a collagen matrix. Up to 2 years, harmonious gingiva state and no loss of tooth vitality were observed. In summary, dens evaginatus on mandibular later incisor could be successfully treated by means of interdisciplinary approach.Previous studies have suggested that action constraints influence visual perception of distances. For instance, the greater the effort to cover a distance, the longer people perceive this distance to be. The present multilevel Bayesian meta-analysis (37 studies with 1,035 total participants) supported the existence of a small action-constraint effect on distance estimation, Hedges's g = 0.29, 95% credible interval = [0.16, 0.47]. This effect varied slightly according to the action-constraint category (effort, weight, tool use) but not according to participants' motor intention. Some authors have argued that such effects reflect experimental demand biases rather than genuine perceptual effects. Our meta-analysis did not allow us to dismiss this possibility, but it also did not support it. We provide field-specific conventions for interpreting action-constraint effect sizes and the minimum sample sizes required to detect them with various levels of power. We encourage researchers to help us update this meta-analysis by directly uploading their published or unpublished data to our online repository ( https//osf.io/bc3wn/ ).A number of countries have implemented vaccination in pregnancy as a strategy to reduce the burden of influenza and pertussis. The aim of this study was to assess the involvement of Canadian maternity care providers in administration of vaccines to their pregnant patients. A cross-sectional web-based survey was sent to family physicians, obstetricians-gynecologists, midwives, pharmacists, and nurses. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine variables independently associated with offering vaccination services in pregnancy in providers' practice. A total of 1,135 participants participated. Overall, 64% (n = 724) of the participants reported offering vaccines in their practice and 56% (n = 632) reported offering vaccines to pregnant patients. The main reasons reported for not offering vaccination services in pregnancy were the belief that vaccination was outside of the scope of practice; logistical issues around access to vaccines; or lack of staff to administer vaccines. In multivariable analysis, the main factors associated with vaccination of pregnant patients in practices where vaccination services were offered were providers' confidence in counseling pregnant patients about vaccines, seeing fewer than 11 pregnant patients on average each week, and being a nurse or a family physician.