Sinclairwulff9081

We undertook a more comprehensive analyses than our previous study (Yi et al., International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 2018, 28, 636-644) at the Gaoshan site (~2500-2000 cal. BC) to expand our understanding of the different roles of rice and millets to human subsistence strategies, diachronic shift of human diets, diversity of human life histories and cultural influence (dental ablation) to human population.

Carbon and nitrogen isotopic analyses of human (ribs and long bones, n=68) and animal (n=15) bones as well as carbonized seeds from rice and millets (n=8) were undertaken. Human bones were directly AMS-

C dated. In addition, sequential sampling of 16 individuals with varied age and sex and cultural contexts for isotopic analysis was also conducted.

The calibrated dating results (n=27) indicate that there existed two periods of occupation at the site, ~2500-2200 BC and ~2200-1900 BC. Moderate high δ

N values were found in the crops. Isotopic data from bone collagen suggest that the humans maind foods played different roles in human lives. Even though, there were similar weaning practices among the human populations. It is surprising that human individuals with dental ablation, cultural characteristic in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Valley, consumed more millets during childhood in the early period than those without dental ablation in the late period. selleck Our study here provides novel insights into cultural dynamics and the interplay between rice and millets in rice-millet agricultural system during the Late Neolithic in Southwest China.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are keystone symbionts of agricultural soils but agricultural intensification has negatively impacted AMF communities. Increasing crop diversity could ameliorate some of these impacts by positively affecting AMF. However, the underlying relationship between plant diversity and AMF community composition has not been fully resolved. We examined how greater crop diversity affected AMF across farms in an intensive agricultural landscape, defined by high nutrient input, low crop diversity and high tillage frequency. We assessed AMF communities across 31 field sites that were either monocultures or polycultures (growing > 20 different crop types) in three ways richness, diversity and composition. We also determined root colonization across these sites. We found that polycultures drive the available AMF community into richer and more diverse communities while soil properties structure AMF community composition. AMF root colonization did not vary by farm management (monocultures vs polycultures), but did vary by crop host. We demonstrate that crop diversity enriches AMF communities, counteracting the negative effects of agricultural intensification on AMF, providing the potential to increase agroecosystem functioning and sustainability.

The aim of this prospective clinical trial was to present the 6-year outcomes of a two-piece yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) implant system in partially edentulous patients.

Forty-nine two-piece zirconia implants were placed in 32 patients systemically healthy. Zirconia abutments were connected with adhesive resin cement. Single-unit full-ceramic crowns were cemented. The cases have been followed for an average of 82.2±5.86months after loading (range 74.93-92.26months).

24 participants with 39 implants were available for examination 6years after loading. The cumulative implant survival rate was 83%. On an implant level, the cumulative mechanical complication rate was 17.5%, the cumulative technical complication rate was 13%, and the biological complication rate was 8%. After 6years, subjects reported good satisfaction with the treatment 3.7±4.4 on a visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 to 100mm.

Within the limitations of this prospective case series study, two-piece zirconia implants could offer an alternative for treatment of single edentulous spaces in the posterior region. The major complication on the long term of this pioneering system was the abutment fracture; however, due to the versatility of a two-piece implant system, replacement of the broken parts was possible.

Within the limitations of this prospective case series study, two-piece zirconia implants could offer an alternative for treatment of single edentulous spaces in the posterior region. The major complication on the long term of this pioneering system was the abutment fracture; however, due to the versatility of a two-piece implant system, replacement of the broken parts was possible.

Social determinants of health (SDOH) significantly impact individuals' engagement with the healthcare system. To address SDOH-related oral health disparities, providers must be equipped with knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) to understand how SDOH affect patients and how to mitigate these effects. Traditional dental school curricula provide limited training on recognizing SDOH or developing empathy for those with SDOH-related access barriers. This study describes the design and evaluation of such a virtual reality (VR)-based simulation in dental training. We hypothesize the simulation will increase post-training KSAs.

We developed "MPATHI" (Making Professionals Able THrough Immersion), a scripted VR simulation where participants take the role of an English-speaking caregiver with limited socioeconomic resources seeking dental care for a child in a Spanish-speaking country. The simulation is a combination of 360

video recording and virtual scenes delivered via VR headsets. A pilot was conducted with 29 dental residents/faculty, utilizing a pre-post design to evaluate effectiveness in improving immediate and retention of KSAs toward care delivery for families facing barriers.

MPATHI led to increased mean scores for cognitive (pre=3.48 ± 0.80, post=4.56 ± 0.51, p<0.001), affective (pre=4.20 ± 0.4, post=4.47 ± 0.44, p<0.001), and skill-based learning (pre=4.00 ± 0.47, post=4.52 ± 0.37, p<0.001) immediately post-training. There was not a significant difference between skills measured immediately post-training and in the 1-month post-training survey (p=0.41). Participants reported high satisfaction with the content and methods used in this training.

This pilot study supports using VR SDOH training in dental education. VR technology provides new opportunities for innovative content design.

This pilot study supports using VR SDOH training in dental education. VR technology provides new opportunities for innovative content design.