Hoffmannmccarty9276

BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells is a strategy to attain a high proliferation rate, invasion, and metastasis. In this study, the effects of phototherapy at different wavelengths were investigated on the metabolic activity of the breast cancer cells. METHODS The states of the MCF7 cells proliferation and viability were measured by the MTT assay. Glucose consumption and the lactate formation in the LED-irradiated cells culture were analyzed by biochemical assay kits. The Amino acid concentration in the culture media of the MCF7 cells was analyzed using HPLC. Moreover, the gene expression of some glycolytic, TCA cycle and pentose phosphate cycleenzymes were assessed by real time PCR. RESULTS Phototherapy at wavelength of 435 nm decreased the cell viability by 23% when the energy dose was 17.5 J/cm2 compared to the control group. The expression of the LDHA and GLS was up-regulated in 629 nm-treated cells while the expression of these genes were down-regulated in the MCF7 cells irradiated at 435 nm in comparison with the control group. Consequently, the glucose consumption and the lactate formation were diminished respectively by 22% and 15% in the 435 nm-irradiated cells while the glucose consumption and the lactate formation were increased in the 629 nm-irradiated cells by 112% and 107% in comparison with the control group. In addition, the analysis of the glutamine concentration by the HPLC indicated that the blue light irradiation decreased the glutamine consumption while the red light increased it in comparison with the control group. V.BACKGROUND The most common non-melanoma skin carcinomas (NMSC) are basal cell carcinomas (BCC). The autofluorescence study allows to perform non-invasive distinction of neoplastic lesions from benign lesions, whereas fluorescence spectroscopy enables qualification of the patient for possible photodynamic or surgical treatment. The aim of the study is to assess the suitability of autofluorescence and fluorescence imaging in the diagnosis of the stage of advancement, and the morphological type of changes in basal cell carcinoma of the skin. Molibresib Epigenetic Reader Domain inhibitor METHODS A group of 382 patients with 430 skin lesions of basal cell carcinoma were subjected to an autofluorescence study and a spectral imaging using a spectral camera. The acquired spectra and fluorescence images were analyzed using the Image Pro-Plus 5.0.2 software. An analysis of fluorescence intensity profiles in the long and short axis of the studied changes was carried out. RESULTS The fluorescence emission observed in BCC lesions with an area of ​​up to 3 cm2 showed a statistically significantly higher level of intensity in comparison to changes in lesions exceeding 3 cm2 (#p  less then  0.05, ## p  less then  0.01). In the autofluorescence evaluation, we observed significant differences in the mean values of the Numerical Colour Value (NCV) depending on the size of the area of skin occupied by skin lesions. Based on the spatial and profile assessment of the types of BCC lesions a proposed algorithm for identifying changes was developed. Analysis of green fluorescence intensity profiles, analogous to fluorescence profiles analysis, allowed to propose an algorithm of autofluorescence evaluation in the diagnosis of BCC. CONCLUSIONS Autofluorescence and fluorescence imaging allow assessment of the extent of neoplastic infiltration and distinguish types of skin lesions with BCC. The determined diagnostic algorithms seem to be an effective diagnostic solution in the diagnosis of skin lesions of this nature. V.BACKGROUND Anal canal condylomata acuminata is a common male homosexually transmitted disease caused by the human papilloma virus. Conventional cauterizing laser treatment cannot achieve a satisfactory result owing to a high recurrence rate, and the application of 5-aminolaevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) also has limitations in the anal canal. Holmium yttrium aluminum garnet (Ho YAG) laser with fiber is found to be effective at removing canal lesions, and may create suitable conditions for ALA-PDT. We aim to investigate the feasibility of Ho YAG laser combined with ALA-PDT and to explore a more optimal therapy in refractory anal canal condylomata. METHODS Data of 37 patients with anal canal condylomata (number of warts≥ 10 lesions) from May 2017 to March 2019 were reviewed. In total 17 cases were treated with Ho YAG laser plus ALA-PDT, and 20 patients treated with CO2 laser plus ALA-PDT were selected as control. Wart clearance and recurrence rates were evaluated as well as laser complications. RESULTS Most warts (88.23%) were removed after a session of Ho YAG laser pretreatment. The average number of laser sessions required to clear all warts was 1.94 in the Ho YAG laser plus ALA-PDT group, which was obviously decreasing treatment duration. Meanwhile, no wound infections or defecation disfunctions were found. Ho YAG laser with ALA-PDT could significantly reduce wart recurrence rates (17.6%) in comparison with CO2 laser with ALA-PDT (55%). CONCLUSIONS Ho YAG laser combined with ALA-PDT raised the cure rate of refractory anal canal condylomata and has important guidance implications for clinical application. V.Due to the ability to induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under light irradiation, ZnO nanoparticles show great potential in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Photo-triggered ROS production by ZnO nanoparticles and the resulting phototoxicity are efficient in killing cancer cells. This review highlights the recent exciting progress on the nanoscale ZnO-based photosensitizers (PSs) for PDT. Both the semplice ZnO nanoparticles as the PSs and the various chemicals (organic PS, dopant, metal and chemotherapeutic drugs) modified ZnO nanoparticles as the PSs show good ROS generation efficiency. The productive rate of ROS, the wavelength of exciting lights, and the therapeutic effect can be altered by doping different chemicals into ZnO nanoparticles at will. Additionally, we give some outlook on the design and functionalization of next-generation ZnO nanoparticles for more effective anti-cancer applications. V.