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We suggest that curvilinear, plateauing effects may be an artifact of data loss when analyzing individuals in relationships rather than whole dyads, and suggest that scholars study positive and negative exchanges with both members of a dyad moving forward. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth in the United States are met with systemic barriers that affect their physical and mental health. Recent scholarship has found that TGD youth have been negatively impacted as a result of antitransgender federal, state, and local laws and bills. Given the crucial role of parental figures in the well-being of TGD youth (e.g., supporting their child's health-care decisions), parents can provide important insight about the experiences of their children as they navigate the effects of antitransgender legislation. selleck inhibitor This study aimed to explore parental figures' perceptions of how bans on gender affirming care affect their TGD child and parental figures' advice for legislators/policymakers regarding the impact of these laws and bills on the well-being of TGD youth. Responses to an online survey with 134 self-identified parental figures of TGD youth were analyzed. Thematic analysis revealed five themes regarding the impact that these antitransgender laws and bills have on TGD youth, including (a) depression and suicidal ideation/risk of suicide, (b) anxiety, (c) increased gender dysphoria, (d) decreased safety and increased stigma, and (e) lack of access to medical care. Parental figures also provided direct feedback to legislators/policymakers regarding the impact of these laws and bills on the well-being of TGD youth, including (a) transgender youth health is not a political issue, (b) decriminalize gender affirming medical care, (c) decrease discrimination and violence against transgender people, and (d) become educated on transgender health-care issues. Recommendations for research and practice are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).The present study examined familism as a central cultural value that may predict Mexican-origin adolescents' disclosure to and secrecy with mothers and fathers. The data came from 246 Mexican-origin adolescents in the southwestern United States (51% female, Mage = 12.8 years, SD = .58, 38% born in Mexico) and their mothers (Mage = 39.0 years; SD = 4.6) and fathers (Mage = 41.7 years; SD = 5.7). Data were collected at two time points over a 2-year period (90% retention). Cross-lagged panel models examined the longitudinal effects of youth familism on disclosure to and secrecy with mothers and fathers. Results indicated that familism served as a promotive factor for youth information management strategies. Differences in the association between familism and youth disclosure were found by youth gender, highlighting the significance of gender in family dynamics among Mexican-origin families. Discussion focuses on how cultural values such as familism may promote resilience among Mexican-origin adolescents by bolstering parent-child relationships. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

We aimed to identify patient-level demographic and behavioral characteristics associated with higher social isolation among patients with cancer throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Moffitt Cancer Center patients seen on or after January 1, 2015, had a last known alive vital status, a valid e-mail address, and were 18-89 years old, were emailed a survey regarding social isolation. We collected information on age, sex, race, ethnicity, marital status, smoking, self-reported cancer diagnosis, cancer treatment, and perceived life changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We calculated a COVID-19 risk mitigation score by summing the frequency of risk mitigation behaviors (e.g., mask wearing). Social isolation was assessed with the self-reported Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Social Isolation Short Form. Logistic regression models compared characteristics of participants reporting higher versus lower social isolation (T-scores >60 vs. ≤60).

Most partiunmarried, current smokers, more risk mitigation behaviors, and more perceived life changes increased odds of social isolation for patients with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic. This can inform identification of patients with cancer at higher risk of social isolation for targeted mitigation strategies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

The aim of this study was to investigate whether three facets of lung cancer stigma (internalized stigma, constrained disclosure, and perceived subtle discrimination) uniquely predicted psychological and physical health-related adjustment to lung cancer across 12 weeks. Additionally, self-compassion was tested as a moderator of the stigma-health relationship.

Adults receiving oncologic treatment for lung cancer (N = 108) completed measures of lung cancer stigma, self-compassion, depressive symptoms, cancer-related stress, and physical symptom bother. Multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships (at 6- and 12-week follow-up) between indicators of stigma and health-related outcomes, controlling for covariates. Self-compassion was tested as a moderator of these relationships.

At study entry, higher internalized stigma, constrained disclosure, and perceived subtle discrimination were associated significantly and uniquely with higher depressivrelated adjustment to lung cancer. Supportive care programs that bolster self-compassion may be useful for reducing lung cancer stigma. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Resilience is the ability to cope and function despite adversity, such as a cancer diagnosis, and has been conceptualized as the other end of a distress-resilience continuum. There are known associations among resilience, distress, depression, and anxiety-yet the nature of the associations is not well characterized. Less is known about the relationship among these variables for caregivers. We examined these associations in a convenience sample from a clinical setting with these hypotheses (a) patients and nondyadic caregivers will report elevated, comparable levels of distress, depression, and anxiety, and (b) resilience will moderate the effect of distress on depression and anxiety.

Participants were patients with a cancer diagnosis (n = 328) and nondyadic caregivers (n = 169). Participants completed a demographic/clinical questionnaire and self-report measures (National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer, Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System anxiety and depression measin cancer caregivers. Resilience appears to be an important variable to consider alongside distress and may enhance our understanding of the relationships among distress and depression/anxiety, especially for individuals with cancer. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Psychological resilience represents an important construct for physical and behavioral health. This article introduces a special section on resilience as it relates to health psychology. In this special section, resilience in the context of cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, sleep disorders, and cancers are studied. This special section is part of an American Psychological Association (APA) interdivisional journal series on resilience. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).The present study investigated how attentional selection is affected by simultaneous statistical learning of target and distractor regularities. Participants performed an additional singleton task in which the target singleton was presented more often in one location while the distractor singleton was presented more often in another location. On some trials, instead of the search task, participants performed a probe task, in which they had to detect the offset of a probe dot. This probe task made it possible to take a peek at the proactive selection priorities just at the moment the search display was presented. The results show that observers learn the regularities present in the search display such the location that is most likely to contain the target is enhanced while the location that is most likely to contain a distractor is suppressed. We show that these contingencies can be learned simultaneously resulting in optimal selection priorities. The probe task shows that both spatial enhancement and spatial suppression are present at the moment the actual search display is presented, indicating that the attentional priority settings are proactively modulated. We claim that through statistical learning the weights within the spatial priority map of selection are set in such a way that selection is optimally adapted to the implicitly learned regularities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).The prominent view in numerical cognition is that highly overlearned arithmetic facts are verbally mediated and unilaterally processed in a left-hemispheric network, including language areas. However, this view has recently been challenged. Here, we evaluated the hemispheric specialization of verbal arithmetic fact retrieval and number magnitude processing using two verification tasks (i.e., multiplication and number magnitude comparison) in a divided hemifield paradigm in healthy participants (n = 35). In the number comparison task, we replicated bilateral processing advantages for the unit-decade compatibility effect. Magnitude processing was facilitated after bilateral compared with a unilateral presentation. In the multiplication task, lateralized presentation to the left hemisphere yielded processing advantages in arithmetic fact retrieval when the required interhemispheric transitions from the input, processing, and output stages were considered. Crucially, we observed a systematic processing advantage in left visual hemifield stimuli presentation (i.e., initial right-hemisphere processing). Our findings corroborate the assumption that arithmetic fact retrieval is subserved by left-lateralized verbal/linguistic processing. Thereby, they suggest a distinction between unilateral left-hemispheric linguistic processing of arithmetic fact retrieval and bilateral number magnitude processing. Interestingly, however, our data present right-hemispheric processing advantages in identifying early processed visual symbolic numerical stimuli. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).People sometimes avoid giving feedback to others even when it would help fix others' problems. For example, only 2.6% of individuals in a pilot field study provided feedback to a survey administrator who had food or lipstick on their face. Five experiments (N = 1,984) identify a possible reason for the lack of feedback People underestimate how much others want to receive constructive feedback. Initial experiments demonstrated this underestimation of others' desire for feedback in hypothetical scenarios (Experiment 1), recalled feedback experiences (Experiment 2), and real-time feedback among friends (Experiment 3). We further examine how people ascertain others' desire for feedback, testing how much they consider the potential consequences of feedback for themselves (e.g., discomfort giving feedback or harm to their relationship with the receiver) or the receiver (e.g., discomfort receiving feedback or value from feedback). While we found evidence that people consider both types of consequences, people particularly underestimated how much receivers value their feedback, a mechanism not extensively tested in prior research.