Hanssonkatz4269

Cancer is a global multifactorial disease consisting of over 200 types of cancers. It is well recognized that primary prevention is an effective way to fight cancers by using natural polyphenolic anticancer foods, vegetables and fruits, avoiding exposure to carcinogenic environment, smoking cessation, and through lifestyle modifications. The present review provides up to date information on the effects and functions of pomegranate juice and its bioactive components on the most widespread six cancer types. Pomegranate contains important polyphenolic compounds such as ellagitannins and punicalagin, with strong antioxidant ability for scavenging free radicals and producing metal-chelates in the biological tissues. The in vitro and in vivo studies suggests that antioxidant and anti-inflammation properties of pomegranate constitute have major antimutagenic and antiproliferative activities for regulating gene expression, modulating cellular mechanisms, and limiting the ability of cancers to metastasize. A limited number of clinical studies have suggested that pomegranate ingredients have the potential for the prevention and treatment of cancer, especially colorectal and prostate cancer. In cancer therapy, it remains a clinical dilemma to hit the right target without inducing side effects. The costly anticancer chemotherapies are often associated with drug resistance and serious side effects in vital organs, and noncancerous neighboring cells. It appears that the pomegranate based phytotherapies would be affordable and cost-effective for next generation non-pharmacologic anticancer remedies with lesser side effects. However, well-designed, randomized, double-blind, and multi-center studies are needed to establish the long-term safety, efficacy and dose schedules for orally deliverable pomegranate formulations.Despite several quality management tools, none or very few systematic operations are taken into account to assure the quality of the pharmaceutical products. Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) analysis is performed based on the problems encountered during the product development. In each step, some of the quality control tools are used for better maintenance of corrective and preventive actions. However, systematic use of these tools is still not made. Here we portray an example of nanoemulsion that will help justify the correct or systematic use of all the seven quality control tools in each section of PDCA cycle for better maintenance of Corrective and Preventive Actions (CAPA). The major limitations associated with the nanoemulsion i.e. non-uniform size distribution, lower encapsulation efficiency, lower magnitude of zeta potential, non-scalable and expensive synthesis procedures have taken into consideration for this portray. This review summarizes the productive use of 7 QC tools in PDCA cycle to ensure the optimum quality of nanoemulsion in an industry.

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLNs) is the drug delivery systems that has the capability to improve drug release at the desired tumor site. The aim of present study was to develop Glyceryl Monostearate (GMS) based SLNs for the controlled delivery of docetaxel.

Hot Melt Encapsulation (HME) method was employed avoiding the use of organic solvents and therefore, regarded as green synthesis of SLNs.

Optimized DTX-SLNs showed desirable size (100 nm) with low poly dispersity index and excellent entrapment efficiency. Surface charge confirmed the stability of formulation. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis showed spherical shaped particles and Fourier Transform Infrared Microscopy (FTIR) revealed compatibility among formulation excipients. Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) analysis revealed that melting transition peak of optimized formulation was also greater than 40°C indicating that SLNs would be solid at body temperature. In-vitro release profile (68% in 24 hours) revealed the controlled release profile of DTX-SLNs indicating lipophilic docetaxel drug was entrapped inside high melting point lipid core. Cytotoxicity study revealed that blank SLNs were found to be biocompatible while dose dependent cytotoxicity was shown by DTX-SLNs.

These studies suggest that DTX-SLNs have potential for controlled delivery of docetaxel and improved therapeutic outcome.

These studies suggest that DTX-SLNs have potential for controlled delivery of docetaxel and improved therapeutic outcome.Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common solid tumours and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Advanced-recurrent HCC often requires a systemic drug therapy where multi tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sorafenib represents the first-line therapy option, but it exhibited very limited survival benefit and tumour response due to the early emergence of drug resistance and drug-related adverse effect. Immunotherapy approaches now being widely studied as an effective alternative treatment for HCC. Several immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as Nivolumab are approved as monotherapy in sorafenib resistant HCC patients. But, the existence of a plethora of immunosuppressive signals in the tumour microenvironment often leads to unsuccessful immunotherapies. In this context, combinatorial immunotherapies are getting much acceptance as a way to improve therapeutic outcome by blocking immunosuppressive signals in the tumour microenvironment. The combination of VEGF inhibitors with ICI resulted in significant synergistic effects in various preclinical and clinical studies. However, the adverse effects associated with current synthetic VEGF inhibitors limits its clinical utility. In this review, we have summarised the potential of phytochemicals especially the category of flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, and coumarin as the available-affordable-safe-effective repositories of VEGF inhibitors. BIX 01294 research buy Their possibilities as an alternative for synthetic VEGF inhibitors by synergistical combination with ICI is reviewed, thereby enhancing patient compliance and survival rates. This review highlights the demand for a detailed investigation of the plausible role of plant-based antiangiogenic-immunotherapy combination against HCC.

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to rise worldwide. Despite the advances on pharmacotherapy, the etiopathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) remains underexplained. The migratory waves are a challenging setting to analyze the evolution of IBD prevalence and to infer its triggering factors.

Our study aimed to overview the literature regarding IBD prevalence and phenotype in first- and second-generation migrants Also, we aimed to summarize the migration history and to draw a possible correlation with IBD distribution.

A non-systematic review was performed following electronic (PubMed and Web of Science) and manual searches on relevant topics.

Overall, first-generation migrants tend to maintain the IBD risk of the native country. On the following generation, the risk tends to converge to that of the destination country. Earlier age at migration modulates IBD risk, suggesting that the degree of exposure to environmental and socio-economic factors can be decisive for disease progression. In general, CD needs more time to reach a disease burden similar to that of the host country, indicating that UC may be more affected by nongenetic factors and genetic-nongenetic interactions.

IBD phenotypes and natural history vary in migrants and according to ethnicity; however, the trends are not consensual among cohorts. Further studies are warranted to analyze the effect of genetic background and environmental risk factors in different ethnic groups, providing evidence to move towards the identification of at-risk individuals, prevention and earlier diagnosis of IBD.

IBD phenotypes and natural history vary in migrants and according to ethnicity; however, the trends are not consensual among cohorts. Further studies are warranted to analyze the effect of genetic background and environmental risk factors in different ethnic groups, providing evidence to move towards the identification of at-risk individuals, prevention and earlier diagnosis of IBD.Vaccination with small antigens, such as proteins, peptides, or nucleic acids, is used to activate the immune system and trigger the protective immune responses against a pathogen. Currently, nanovaccines are undergoing development instead of conventional vaccines. The size of nanovaccines is in the range of 10-500 nm, which enables them to be readily taken up by cells and exhibit improved safety profiles. However, low-level immune responses, as the removal of redundant pathogens, trigger counter-effective activation of the immune system invalidly and present a challenging obstacle to antigen recognition and its uptake via antigen-presenting cells (APCs). In addition, toxicity can be substantial. To overcome these problems, a variety of cell-penetrating peptide (CPP)-mediated vaccine delivery systems based on nanotechnology have been proposed, most of which are designed to improve the stability of antigens in vivo and their delivery into immune cells. CPPs are particularly attractive components of antigen delivery. Thus, the unique translocation property of CPPs ensures that they remain an attractive carrier with the capacity to deliver cargo in an efficient manner for the application of drugs, gene transfer, protein, and DNA/RNA vaccination delivery. CPP-mediated nanovaccines can enhance antigen uptake, processing, and presentation by APCs, which are the fundamental steps in initiating an immune response. This review describes the different types of CPP-based nanovaccines delivery strategies.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a disease which affects the bone marrow as well as lymphoblast which are expressed on T-cell immune phenotype. Diagnosis of T-ALL patients have shown that the disease presents large tumour burdens and leukemia cells in peripheral blood which often infiltrates into the central nervous system.

Chemotherapy has been used as the main treatment method for this disease but with the recent research on molecular techniques, the studies have shown that NOTCH1 signalling could be a solution to this disease. NOTCH signalling undergoes non regulation in most T-ALL resulting to mutations in NOTCH1. Gamma-secretase (GS) plays a key role of blocking proteolytic activation of NOTCH receptors which could be a therapy for this kind of leukemia. This study thus aims at outlining the role of γ-secretase inhibitor via NOTCH signalling in T-ALL.

The role of GSI (γ-secretase inhibitor) in most T-ALL cell lines has been associate with pathway activity of NOTCH signalling. NOTCH1 mor NOTCH-1 activated T-ALL, not all patients with this condition would be expected to respond. Long-term therapeutic success in cancer is rarely achieved with monotherapy, and even targeting developmental pathways such as NOTCH will most likely require the development of combination regimens. Ultimately, the best use of these new therapeutic targeted agents, may become the next tools of 'individualized medicine'.A serine/threonine protein kinase, recognized as Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) is documented as a regulator of assorted cellular roles. GSK-3 phosphorylates and thereby controls the action of many physiologic, messengers, and membrane-bound structures. GSK-3α and GSK-3β are two vastly homologous forms of GSK-3 in mammals. Recent information has recommended that GSK-3β is a constructive controller of cancer cell proliferation and subsistence affords GSK-3β as a key target in cancer. GSK-3 is overexpressed in various tumor types including ovarian tumors. In human breast carcinoma, it has been revealed that overexpression of GSK-3β was linked with breast cancer patients. The inhibition of GSK-3 or inhibitors of GSK-3 is a promising therapeutic tactic to overcome breast and ovarian cancer. This article features an important aspect of inhibitors of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 as a new lead to treating Breast and Ovarian Cancer.