Portersampson3099

Background Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) is a neglected and disabling gynaecological disorder that is difficult to diagnose and is part of the wider spectrum of urogenital disease caused by the waterborne parasite Schistosoma haematobium. Over 90% of human schistosomiasis cases are found in sub-Saharan Africa with 3.8 million people infected with schistosomes in Zambia. Reported FGS prevalence ranges from 33-75% of those with urinary schistosomiasis in endemic areas, suggesting a potentially high FGS burden in Zambia alone. SL-327 The Bilharzia and HIV (BILHIV) study evaluated home self-sampling genital collection methods for the diagnosis of FGS. Methods Eligible participants included non-pregnant, sexually active women aged 18-31 who were previously recruited for the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial in Livingstone, Zambia. Household demographic and symptom questionnaires were administered by community workers. Participants were offered vaginal and cervical self-swabs and a urine cup. Cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) was osis of FGS.The article highlights the course of life, scientific, pedagogical and social activities of Nikolai Andreevich Vinogradov, the eminent therapist of the XIX century and the disciple of S. P. Botkin.Nikolai Olegovich Milanov, the academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, leading Russian surgeon, Merited Scientist of the Russian Federation, is one of the pioneers of development of reconstructive microsurgery in our country. He made immense contribution to development of modern plastic and reconstructive microsurgery. He is the author of unique developments that inputted significantly into successive achievements in treatment of traumatic and iatrogenic tissue defects and congenital pathology. The priority areas of his research were replantation of fingers, hands and larger segments of limbs in adults and lower extremities in children, abjuncted because of wheeled traumas, auto-transplantation of revasculized tissue complexes in post-traumatic, congenital and acquired pathologies in adults and children, in oncologic diseases, in extensive tracheal defects, reconstructive microsurgery of blood and lymph vessels and peripheral nerves, reconstructive microsurgery in male and female infertility. ation" of various tissue complexes with desired properties for their subsequent auto-transplantation. Under the direction of N. O. Milanov, the new scientific school was formed that included such well-known surgeons as R. T. Adamyan, A. I. Nerobeev, I. V. Reshetov and many others.In 1920s - late 1980s, active cooperation between the USSR and Mongolia in the field of medicine and health care had been occurred. The Mongolian People's Republic was the first country to which the USSR exported its organization of health care system, using it as a means of geopolitical influence and instrument of the socialist transformation of traditional nomadic society. At the same time, assistance to Mongolia began when the USSR itself had not yet completed the organization of new health care system, including needed medical personnel and resources, receiving assistance from Germany and other European countries. The article discusses the reasons of the Soviet leadership's hasty decision to force assistance to the Mongolian People's Republic in the field of medicine and health care. Two approaches to its implementation are singled out and explained the evolutionary one, when experienced Soviet doctors were selected and sent to the Mongolian Department of Health care, and the forced one - through organization of expeditions of the People's Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR, which simultaneously studied the medical and sanitary situation in the country and organized medical institutions where the assistance was needed the most.The article is devoted to the history of organization and functioning of the section of physician everyday life at the sessions of the Congress of the Society of Russian Physicians in memory of N. I. Pirogov (Pirogov Society). The section, going beyond everyday life and occupational problems, considered issues related to economic and legal status of physicians. The section, having no hope in government assistance, tried to organize public organizations protecting interests and rights of physicians and loan-society as well.The article, on the basis of declassified archival documents, considers the issue of centralized state distribution of penicillin in the USSR in the second half of 1940s. The mechanism of determining the need in medication using special coefficient is presented. It is demonstrated that in conditions of acute shortage, this approach became an attempt to ensure physical accessibility of medication for patient. However, by the end of 1940s, when acute shortage was overcome, free state supplies created preconditions for mismanagement and misuse at national and local levels, that affected timing and volume of supplies of antibiotic to medical institutions, as well as quality of medication supplied to patient. The district hospitals of provincial towns occurred in the worst condition. The article presents the facts testifying that penicillin supply solved not only health problems, but also domestic and foreign policy problems of the post-war USSR.The article considers main directions of health care reform in the USSR during first post-war decades. The brief description of the state of health and health care in the USSR on the eve of the reform is presented. The main transformations implemented in 1945-1965 are adduced and analyzed. The corresponding impact on changes in medical demographic indices is demonstrated.The article considers issues of professional orientation of future medical students. Their professional and career attitudes were identified. The percentage of students (19%) was determined who already at the stage of education have no plans to work in health care area, partly due to disappointment in their choice of profession. It is established that primary professional career paths for graduates of medical universities are admission to clinical residency (67%) and work in hospital. It is noted that the percentage of graduates wishing to work in private sector of medical services reached 20%. The respondents indicated among causes of problematic employment of graduated professionals lack of experience, lack of knowledge, low wages and overrated expectations of graduates themselves. It is recommended to improve quality of professional selection of applicants, to increase the degree of possession of practical skills and applied knowledge, to ensure increasing of accessibility of clinical residency training and to expand financial support of graduates of medical universities.The personnel policy is one of priority areas of developing national health care. Its effective implementation requires evidence-based development of relevant program documents, the most important of which is the Concept of health care personnel policy that currently exists only in a number of regions of the Russian Federation. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to develop approaches to scientific justification and development of the Concept of health care personnel policy at the level of region of the Russian Federation, as exemplified in the Irkutsk oblast. The article describes progress of this large-scale and lengthy study, its main results included. The developed approaches resulted in comprehensive organizational technology of development corresponding Concept. The results of this experience can be implemented in other regions of the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is of scientific and practical interest for all potential developers of similar program documents and wide range of specialists in health care organization.The article considers main issues of implementing the lean polyclinic project in practice of Russian polyclinic institutions. The main problems that can be solved by implementing the principles of economical production, optimizing operations and eliminating losses, including financial ones, are identified. It is concluded that saved funds can be distributed to motivate employees in the form of higher salaries and bonuses, as well as to provide training opportunities, to attend conferences by specialists. This approach results in reasonable use of the Federal funds, the mandatory medical insurance Fund, and regional budgets.The achievements of modern medicine resulted in an increase of number of patients living with chronic diseases that turned out as significant burden for national economics. The oncologic diseases are one of the most widespread ones, determining patient vital prognosis. The modern achievements in medicine determine possibility of optimizing clinical prognosis and chronic course of disease. In modern Russia, the health care system functions in accordance with model of urgent, fragmented medical care that does not meet current needs of patients with chronic diseases. In Russia, actual procedures of medical care of oncologic patients do not consider interdisciplinary continuum scenario. Therefore, the need for its conceptualization. The article proposes model of continuum of oncologic care of patients in the context of an integrated health care system, that presupposes complex interdisciplinary follow-up of patients with chronic disease in situations of disease.The article presents review of publications and official documents of international state, departmental and public organizations related to implementation of targeted programs of enrichment of vitamins and minerals with food rations and food products, including application of up-to-date technologies. The data is presented about practical implementation of developments in the field of problems of modern molecular nutrition, nutrigenomics, investigating effect of human nutrition on gene expression, and as well as on bioinformation approaches of nutrigenomics, intestinal microbiota metagenome, gene regulation or gene expression in a microbiome.The reliable statistical information is undoubtedly an important point in making any management decisions. The main instrument for recording and analyzing health data is international statistical classification of diseases and related health problems, 10th revision. The article presents results of study of quality of coding information concerning hospital morbidity and mortality of patients of palliative care department of multidisciplinary hospital.The article analyzes and systematizes legislative rules of the medical care quality expertise. The paramount place of clinical recommendations in development of legal acts regulating expertise and assessment of medical care quality, quality control and safety of medical activity is determined.The article presents basic methods of assessing and calculating production potential of medical organization. providing specialized medical care in round-the-clock hospital. The described techniques are used to develop standards of provision of medical care as part of territorial program of state guarantees of free medical care for citizens and to improve organizational processes of provision of medical car that allows to more efficiently apply available resources of medical organization.