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The novel biochanin A-chromium(III) complex was synthesized by chelating chromium with biochanin A (BCA). The structure of the complex was determined and the complex ([CrBCA3]) was composed of chromium(III) and three ligands, and the chromium content was 55 μg/mg. The hypoglycemic activity of the complex was studied in db/db mice and C57 mice. The sub-acute toxicity test of the complex was carried out by the maximum limit method in KM mice. The hypoglycemic activity showed that the complex could reduce the weight of db/db mice and lower the fasting blood glucose and random blood glucose levels. The complex also improved the organ index, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) results of db/db mice, and some of the indicators were similar to those of the positive control group after treatment with the complex. The histopathology study showed significant improvements in the liver, kidney, pancreas and skeletal muscle compared with the diabetes model group. The complex also showed a significant improvement in serum biochemical indices and antioxidant enzyme activities, as well as glycogen levels. The sub-acute toxicity study showed that the complex did not cause death or any dangerous symptoms during the study. In addition, the sub-acute toxicity study showed that the complex had no significant effect on the serum biochemical indices, antioxidant capacity and organs of normal mice. This study showed that [CrBCA3] had good hypoglycemic activity in vivo and had no sub-acute toxicity. This work provides an important reference for the development of functional hypoglycemic foods or drugs.In recent years there has been an extensive search for nature-based products with functional potential. All structural parts of Physalis alkekengi (bladder cherry), including fruits, pulp, and less-explored parts, such as seeds and peel, can be considered sources of functional macro- and micronutrients, bioactive compounds, such as vitamins, minerals, polyphenols, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and dietetic fiber. The chemical composition of all fruit structural parts (seeds, peel, and pulp) of two phenotypes of P. alkekengi were studied. The seeds were found to be a rich source of oil, yielding 14-17%, with abundant amounts of unsaturated fatty acids (over 88%) and tocopherols, or vitamin E (up to 5378 mg/kg dw; dry weight). The predominant fatty acid in the seed oils was linoleic acid, followed by oleic acid. The seeds contained most of the fruit's protein (16-19% dw) and fiber (6-8% dw). The peel oil differed significantly from the seed oil in fatty acid and tocopherol composition. Seed cakes, the waste after oil extraction, contained arginine and aspartic acid as the main amino acids; valine, phenylalanine, threonine, and isoleucine were present in slightly higher amounts than the other essential amino acids. They were also rich in key minerals, such as K, Mg, Fe, and Zn. From the peel and pulp fractions were extracted fruit concretes, aromatic products with specific fragrance profiles, of which volatile compositions (GC-MS) were identified. The major volatiles in peel and pulp concretes were β-linalool, α-pinene, and γ-terpinene. The results from the investigation substantiated the potential of all the studied fruit structures as new sources of bioactive compounds that could be used as prospective sources in human and animal nutrition, while the aroma-active compounds in the concretes supported the plant's potential in perfumery and cosmetics.The CPA equation of state is applied to model binary, ternary, and multicomponent mixtures that contain CO2 with polyethylene glycols or compounds relevant to biodiesel production, such as glycerol and various triglycerides. Effort has been made to evaluate the model performance on correlating both the liquid and the vapor phase compositions, which is a demanding task, revealing the model's and parameters' limitations, due to the rather low concentrations of heavy compounds in the vapor phase. Initially the model's binary parameters, which in all cases were temperature independent, were estimated using experimental data for binary systems. Those parameters were used to predict the phase behavior of supercritical CO2 containing ternary and multicomponent mixtures. Since no parameter was adjusted to ternary or multicomponent systems' data, the reported CPA results for such mixtures are considered as pure predictions. This is the final part of a series of studies [Tsivintzelis et al. Fluid Phase Equilibria 430 (2016) 75-92 and 504 (2020) 112337] that complete the parameterization of the CPA equation of state for systems relevant to the biodiesel production, which allows the application of the model to multicomponent mixtures of the relevant processes.Since the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) phenomenon was first reported by Tang et al., much effort has been devoted to the development of solid-state luminescent molecules by chemists worldwide. Our group successfully developed fluorinated tolanes as novel compact π-conjugated luminophores with blue photoluminescence (PL) in the crystalline state. Moreover, we reported the yellow-green PL molecules based on their electron-density distributions. In the present study, we designed and synthesized fluorinated tolanes with various amine-based donors and evaluated their photophysical properties. The carbazole-substituted fluorinated tolane exhibited strong PL in the solution state, whereas piperidine- or phenothiazine-substituted fluorinated tolanes showed a dramatic decrease in PL efficiency. Notably, fluorinated tolanes with piperidine or phenothiazine substituents displayed yellow-to-orange PL in the crystalline state; this may have occurred because these tolanes exhibited tightly packed structures formed by intermolecular interactions, such as H···F hydrogen bonds, which suppressed the non-radiative deactivation process. Moreover, fluorinated tolanes with amine-based donors exhibited AIE characteristics. We believe that these yellow-to-orange solid PL molecules can contribute to the development of new solid luminescent materials.Isatin and its derivatives are important heterocycles found in nature and present in numerous bioactive compounds which possess various biological activities. Moreover, it is an essential building block in organic synthesis. The discovery of novel compounds active against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi is an urgent need, and the isatin may represent the suitable scaffold in the design of biologically relevant antimicrobials. A small library of 18 isatin hybrids was synthetized and evaluated for their antimicrobial potential on three reference strains S. aureus, E. coli, both important human pathogens infamous for causing community- and hospital-acquired severe systemic infections; and C. albicans, responsible for devastating invasive infections, mainly in immunocompromised individuals. The study highlighted two lead compounds, 6k and 6m, endowed with inhibitory activity against S. aureus at very low concentrations (39.12 and 24.83 µg/mL, respectively).An ischemic stroke is brain damage caused by interruption of blood supply to the brain that can cause death and long-term disability. New medical strategies or therapies are urgently needed for ischemic stroke. Icaritin (ICT) is a metabolite of icariin (ICA), which are two active flavonoid components extracted from Herba epimedii and considered neuroprotective agents in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke. The therapeutic effect of ICT on ischemic still remains to be clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of ICT on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion-associated senescence and apoptosis in a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mouse model (ischemia for 50 min and reperfusion for 24 h). Administration of ICT after ischemia significantly reduced MCAO-induced neurological damage, infarct volume, and histopathological changes in the brain of acute ischemic stroke mice. ICT treatment could also reduce neuronal apoptosis and senescence and reversed the expression of apoptosis- and senescence-related signaling proteins. These findings suggest that ICT may have therapeutic potential to ameliorate acute ischemic stroke.Colistin is a potent peptide antibiotic that is effective against Gram-negative bacteria. However, nephrotoxicity limited its clinical use. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have gained attention as a potential antimicrobial agent and nanodrug carrier. The conjugation of antibiotics and AgNPs has been found to increase the activity and decrease drug toxicity. In this study, colistin was conjugated with AgNPs (Col-AgNPs), which was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra. The optimized Col-AgNPs had the proper characteristics, including spherical shape, monodispersity, nanosized particle, high surface charge, and good stability. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern supported the crystallinity of Col-AgNPs and AgNPs. The drug loading of Col-AgNPs was 11.55 ± 0.93%. Col-AgNPs had higher activity against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) than AgNPs and colistin. The mechanism of actions of Col-AgNPs involved membrane disruption and genomic DNA damage. The Col-AgNPs and AgNPs were biocompatible with human red blood cells and renal cells at concentrations up to 16 µg/mL. Interestingly, Col-AgNPs exhibited higher cell survival than AgNPs and colistin at 32 µg/mL. Our results revealed that the Col-AgNPs could enhance the antimicrobial activity and cell biocompatibility more than colistin and AgNPs.Cancer remains one of the diseases with the highest worldwide incidence. Several cytotoxic approaches have been used over the years to overcome this public health threat, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Cyanine dyes are a class of compounds that have been extensively studied as PDT sensitisers; nevertheless, their antiproliferative potential in the absence of a light source has been scarcely explored. Herein, the synthesis of eighteen symmetric mono-, tri-, and heptamethine cyanine dyes and their evaluation as potential anticancer agents is described. The influences of the heterocyclic nature, counterion, and methine chain length on the antiproliferative effects and selectivities were analysed, and relevant structure-activity relationship data were gathered. The impact of light on the cytotoxic activity of the most promising dye was also assessed and discussed. find more Most of the monomethine and trimethine cyanine dyes under study demonstrated a high antiproliferative effect on human tumour cell lines of colorectal (Caco-2), breast (MCF-7), and prostate (PC-3) cancer at the initial screening (10 µM). However, concentration-viability curves showed higher potency and selectivity for the Caco-2 cell line. A monomethine cyanine dye derived from benzoxazole was the most promising compound (IC50 for Caco-2 = 0.67 µM and a selectivity index of 20.9 for Caco-2 versus normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF)) and led to Caco-2 cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. Complementary in silico studies predicted good intestinal absorption and oral bioavailability for this cyanine dye.