Hooperweiss3073

Our aim was to develop a novel medium for the large-scale production of protein-rich Arthrospira with potential applications as a biofertilizer. The novel culture medium, termed as FM-II, was formulated using low-cost commercial chemicals and specifically designed to improve protein production. Both Arthrospira platensis and Arthrospira maxima were produced using FM-II and Arnon medium, which was used as a control. Photosynthetic status of the cells, which was checked by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence, biomass dry weight and protein content, was assessed daily. Arthrospira platensis had higher biomass and protein productivities than A. maxima when cultured in both control and FM-II media. Incorporation of varied micronutrients into FM-II formulation did not improve biomass productivity. Maximum biomass dry weight in FM-II and control medium was 2.9 and 2.5 g · L-1 , respectively. Total protein content of the biomass ranged between 55% and 65%, suggesting potential for being used in the development of high-value agricultural products. As some nutrients were discarded unused, the initial content of phosphates and bicarbonates was reduced by 75% and 50%, respectively, without affecting the process productivity. Results reported herein could promote the production and utilization of Arthrospira platensis by significantly reducing productions costs and therefore increasing the feasibility of the process.Neurogranin (Ng) is a 78 amino acid neuronal protein and a biomarker candidate for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ng has been suggested to bind to calmodulin and phosphatidic acid via its centrally located IQ domain. Ng is cleaved within this functionally important domain, yielding the majority of fragments identified in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), suggesting that cleavage of Ng may be a mechanism to regulate its function. Up to now, Ng has been shown to be present in CSF as both C-terminal fragments as well as full-length protein. To obtain an overview of the different molecular forms of Ng present in CSF, we show by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and MS that Ng is present in CSF as several molecular forms. Besides monomeric full-length Ng, also higher molecular weight forms of Ng, and C-terminal- and previously not identified N-terminal fragments were observed. We found by immunodepletion that C-terminal peptides contribute on average to ~50% of the total-Ng ELISA signal in CSF samples. There were no differences in the overall C-terminal fragment/total-Ng ratios between samples from AD and control groups. In addition, we found that monomeric Ng and its C-terminal fragments bind to heparin via a heparin-binding motif, which might be of relevance for their export mechanism from neurons. Taken together, this study highlights the presence of several molecular forms of Ng in CSF, comprising monomeric full-length Ng, and N- and C-terminal truncations of Ng, as well as larger forms of still unknown composition.

Previous studies suggested that recombinant human IGF-1 (rhIGF-1) administration affects carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in healthy people and in people with diabetes. This study aimed to determine the effects of rhIGF-1/rhIGF binding protein-3 (rhIGFBP-3) administration on glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism in healthy recreational athletes.

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 administration study at Southampton General Hospital, UK.

56 recreational athletes (30 men, 26 women).

Participants were randomly assigned to receive placebo, low-dose rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 (30mg/day) or high-dose rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 (60mg/day) for 28days. learn more The following variables were measured before and immediately after the treatment period fasting lipids, glucose, insulin, C-peptide and glycated haemoglobin. The homeostatic model assessment (HOMA-IR) was used to estimate insulin sensitivity and indirect calorimetry to assess substrate oxidation rates. The general linear model approach was used to compare treatment group changes with the placebo group.

Compared with the placebo group, there was a significant reduction in fasting triglycerides in participants treated with high-dose rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 (p=.030), but not in the low-dose group (p=.390). In women, but not in men, there were significant increases in total cholesterol (p=.003), HDL cholesterol (p=.001) and LDL cholesterol (p=.008). These lipid changes were associated with reduced fasting insulin (p=.010), C-peptide (p=.001) and HOMA-IR (p=.018) in women and reduced C-peptide (p=.046) in men.

rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 administration for 28days reduced insulin concentration, improved insulin sensitivity and had significant effects on lipid profile including decreased fasting triglycerides.

rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 administration for 28 days reduced insulin concentration, improved insulin sensitivity and had significant effects on lipid profile including decreased fasting triglycerides.

This study aimed to validate the learning effectiveness of an instructional module in helping first-year dental students and international graduate advanced standing students learn to avoid plagiarism in their scientific writing.

The module was administered to a total of 226 first year dental students (157 at the University of Pittsburgh, in 2018 and 2019; 69 at the University of Illinois at Chicago, in 2019), and a total of 102 international graduate advanced standing students at the University of Illinois at Chicago, in 2019 and 2020. Psychometric analysis of the module's test items confirmed reliability and validity.

An independent sample t-test performed on the module pretest scores determined that the first -year dental students entered their programs with more knowledge about plagiarism than the international graduate advanced standing students. Mean differences were calculated between pretest and posttest scores for each group and indicated that the module was equally effective at helping both groups learn to avoid plagiarism. An independent sample t-test compared the posttest mean scores of the 2 groups and determined that the first -year students achieved a greater learning outcome from the module. An independent sample t-test for Equality of Means with Levene's Test for Equality of Variances were performed to compare the mean differences between posttest and pretest scores for the 2 groups. These tests indicated that the 2 groups learned to avoid plagiarism at the same rate.

The instructional module proved to be valid, reliable, effective, and time-efficient in improving student knowledge about avoiding plagiarism.

The instructional module proved to be valid, reliable, effective, and time-efficient in improving student knowledge about avoiding plagiarism.