Jeffersonvestergaard2667

Following further reevaluation, the patient was placed on supportive periodontal therapy (SPT). The periodontal regenerative therapy using rhFGF-2 with CO3Ap granules yielded an improvement in the vertical bone resorption observed in #17. This improvement has been adequately maintained over a 1-year period postoperatively. Continued SPT is needed to maintain stable periodontal conditions.Post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathic pain is mainly caused by the extraction of third molars or the placement of dental implants. This report describes the treatment of neuropathic pain arising after guided tissue regeneration (GTR). The patient was a 55-year-old woman who had to undergo GTR due to severe periodontitis in the distal aspect of the right mandibular second molar. Postoperatively, the patient had been prescribed mecobalamin for hypesthesia and allodynia in the right lower lip. No improvement was observed in these symptoms after 4 months, however, so she was referred to our Orofacial Pain Center. Preoperative and postoperative cone-beam computed tomography revealed a cyst-like lesion (radiolucent area) close to the right mandibular second molar and canal. Although the results of quantitative sensory examination were normal, rubbing the right lower lip with a cotton swab elicited mechanical allodynia. The diagnosis was post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathic pain for which the patient was given pregabalin and Neurotropin®. The symptoms improved within approximately 32 weeks, with the medication being terminated at 64 weeks. Although hypoesthesia due to nerve injury may suddenly go into remission, allodynia is often intractable. If symptoms show no improvement after 3 months, possible nerve injury should be investigated. Additionally, the distal root of the mandibular molar may be close to the inferior alveolar nerve, necessitating appropriate diagnostic imaging of the operative field. If the lesion or distal root is close to the inferior alveolar nerve, postoperative hypesthesia or neuropathic pain may occur, even without direct trauma.Odontoblasts differentiate from dental papilla stem cells, but the genetic changes that occur during this process remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate gene expression patterns during differentiation of mouse iPS cells into odontoblast-like cells. Mouse iPS cells were cultured on a collagen type-1 scaffold with bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) and retinoic acid (RA). The results of immunofluorescence studies for dentin sialoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), and nestin were positive. A qRT-PCR analysis revealed that mRNA expression levels of neural crest marker sex determining region Y box (Sox)-10, dentin sialophosphoprotein (Dspp), and Dmp1 were up-regulated, but that mRNA expression levels of the mineralization markers bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin were down-regulated. Microarray analysis showed that 2,597 entities were up-regulated and 1,327 down-regulated among a total of 15,330 investigated. Sox11 was among the up-regulated genes identified. The Sox11 mRNA expression level with odontoblast induction after day 11 was higher than that after day 2 (p less then 0.05). Gene knockdown using small interference RNA (siRNA) silencing was used to characterize the function of Sox11. The Dspp mRNA expression level in Sox11 siRNA-treated cells was significantly lower than that in the control (p less then 0.05). These results suggest that BMP4 and RA induce mouse iPS cells to differentiate into odontoblast-like cells. The differentiation efficiency is not high, however, and many stem cells remain. The results also suggest that Sox11 is an important factor in odontoblastic differentiation.Whether there is a relationship between impaction of the third molars and the onset of crowding remains to be determined, and extraction of third molars after orthodontic treatment is left to the judgement of the practitioner. This report describes a case where a third molar caused external root resorption (ERR) of the mandibular second molar after orthodontic treatment. As ERR of the mandibular second molar was detected after non-extraction orthodontic treatment, the affected tooth was extracted and substituted with the third molar. External root resorption of the second molar occurred despite being determined as low risk given the state of the impacted third molar as observed on a panoramic radiograph obtained at the end of active treatment. selleck kinase inhibitor The present results indicate that in cases where the mandibular third molar is present, the corpus length is short, and non-extraction treatment has been performed, it is necessary to obtain X-ray images on a regular basis or preventively extract the third molar to avoid ERR of the second molars.Trigeminal neuralgia occurs in the orofacial region, characteristically causing pain that feels like a transient electric shock. Some histopathological studies have reported that trigeminal neuralgia is caused by mechanical compression of the demyelinated trigeminal nerve; the pathophysiological mechanism behind this phenomenon remains to be clarified, however. Cell-cell interactions have also been reported to be involved in the development and modulation of some types of neuropathic pain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential contribution of cell-cell interactions to trigeminal neuralgia by measuring intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in primary cultured trigeminal ganglion (TG) cells. Direct mechanical stimulation of TG cells induced an increase in [Ca2+]i in both neuronal and non-neuronal cells, such as glial cells. Moreover, this increase was stimulus intensity-dependent and non-desensitizing. Direct mechanical stimulation increased [Ca2+]i in neighboring cells as well, and this increase was inhibited by application of carbamazepine. These results indicate that direct mechanical stimulation affects Ca2+ signaling. Trigeminal ganglion cells establish intercellular networks between themselves, suggesting that this is involved in the development and generation of trigeminal neuralgia.It is well known that the survivability of gametes of postmortem carcass was decreased as time passes after death. In this study, it was examined whether cytoplasmic replacement rescues the survivability of germinal vesicle stage (GV) oocytes of postmortem carcass in the mouse. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and mitochondria numbers in GV oocytes of the dead mice stored at 4 degrees were significantly impaired after 44 h postmortem compared to the control (0h). However, when kayoplasts of GV oocytes of postmortem carcass was transferred to recipient ooplasts (GV transfer), proportion of in vitro maturation (IVM), normal spindle morphology, in vitro and in vivo developmental ability after IVF of reconstituted oocytes was improved. Moreover, secondary follicle oocytes of postmortem carcass were developed, matured and fertilized in vitro and developed to go to term, when GV transfer was conducted at the GV phase. Thus, transfer of GV karyoplast recovered from postmortem carcass, which viability was decreased, into fresh GV recipient ooplasm, rescues survivability of reconstituted oocytes. It suggested the effective use of oocytes of dead animals in the mouse and this achievement must apply to other rare animal species, especially animals under control by human.Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common neurological disorder in dogs. A secondary injury that occurs in the acute phase causes expansion of inflammation, resulting in lesion extension and further loss of function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have trophic effects and the ability to migrate toward injured tissues; therefore, MSC-based therapy is considered promising for the treatment of canine SCI. We recently reported that bone marrow peri-adipocyte cells (BM-PACs) can be obtained from canine bone marrow and have stem cell potential superior to that of conventional bone marrow MSCs (BMMSCs). However, their therapeutic potential for SCI have been still unknow. Here, we first evaluated the ability of BM-PACs to secrete hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and their migration ability toward inflammatory milieu in vitro. BM-PACs can secrete HGF in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β, and exhibit migration ability toward these cytokines. Next, BM-PACs were intravenously administered into nude mice with acute SCI to analyze the homing ability and therapeutic effects of HGF secreted by BM-PACs. BM-PACs homed to the injured spinal cord, where the HGF expression level increased 7 days after administration. Intravenous administration of BM-PACs induced functional recovery and pathological improvement, indicated by less demyelinating area, more preserved axons, and less glial scar formation compared with the mice only received vehicle. These findings suggest that the intravenous administration of BM-PACs can be a novel therapeutic intervention for acute canine SCI.Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an alternative technique to in vitro fertilization (IVF) for producing transferable blastocysts, especially in combination with cryopreserved oocytes, when the IVF system does not work sufficiently. The present study was conducted to directly compare the efficacy of producing bovine blastocysts by ICSI and IVF from vitrified-warmed and fresh oocytes. Denuded oocytes with a detectable first polar body were vitrified-warmed using a nylon mesh device. In the non-vitrified control group, blastocyst yields 8 days after IVF and ICSI were 32.0 and 26.8%, respectively. Oocyte vitrification and subsequent IVF resulted in an impaired blastocyst yield (15.0%); however, such a loss of efficacy due to vitrification was not observed in the ICSI group (blastocyst yield, 25.2%). The alignment of cortical granules beneath the oolemma was comparable between the fresh control and vitrified-warmed oocytes. Here, we report the high survival of vitrified-warmed bovine oocytes, as assessed by ICSI.Brain cartography has expanded substantially over the past decade. In this regard, resting-state functional connectivity (FC) plays a key role in identifying the locations of putative functional borders. However, scant attention has been paid to the dynamic nature of functional interactions in the human brain. Indeed, FC is typically assumed to be stationary across time, which may obscure potential or subtle functional boundaries, particularly in regions with high flexibility and adaptability. In this study, we developed a dynamic FC (dFC)-based parcellation framework, established a new functional human brain atlas termed D-BFA (DFC-based Brain Functional Atlas), and verified its neurophysiological plausibility by stereo-EEG data. As the first dFC-based whole-brain atlas, the proposed D-BFA delineates finer functional boundaries that cannot be captured by static FC, and is further supported by good correspondence with cytoarchitectonic areas and task activation maps. Moreover, the D-BFA reveals the spatial distribution of dynamic variability across the brain and generates more homogenous parcels compared with most alternative parcellations. Our results demonstrate the superiority and practicability of dFC in brain parcellation, providing a new template to exploit brain topographic organization from a dynamic perspective. The D-BFA will be publicly available for download at https//github.com/sliderplm/D-BFA-618.