Haymooney5116
In patients with heart failure, atrial septal defect (ASD) closure has a risk of inducing life-threatening acute pulmonary edema. #link# The objective of this study was to develop a novel framework for quantitative prediction of hemodynamics after ASD closure. The generalized circulatory equilibrium comprises right and left cardiac output (CO) curves and pulmonary and systemic venous return surfaces. We incorporated ASD into the framework of circulatory equilibrium by representing ASD shunt flow (QASD) by the difference between pulmonary flow (QP) and systemic flow (QS). To examine the accuracy of prediction, we created ASD in six dogs. Four weeks after ASD creation, we measured left atrial pressure (PLA), right atrial pressure (PRA), QP, and Qs before and after ASD balloon occlusion. We then predicted postocclusion hemodynamics from measured preocclusion hemodynamics. Finally, we numerically simulated hemodynamics under various ASD diameters while changing left and right ventricular function. Predicted postocclusio be useful for safety management of ASD closure.Heart rate variability (HRV) is a measure of variation in time interval between heartbeats and reflects the influence of autonomic nervous system and circulating/locally released factors on sinoatrial node discharge. Here, we tested whether electrocardiograms (ECGs) obtained in conscious, restrained mice, a condition that affects sympathovagal balance, reveal alterations of heart rhythm dynamics with aging. Moreover, based on emergence of sodium channels as modulators of pacemaker activity, we addressed consequences of altered sodium channels on heart rhythm. C57Bl/6 mice and mice with enhanced late sodium current due to Nav1.5 mutation at Ser571 (S571E) at ~4 to ~24 mo of age, were studied. HRV was assessed using time- and frequency-domain and nonlinear parameters. For C57Bl/6 and S571E mice, standard deviation of RR intervals (SDRR), total power of RR interval variation, and nonlinear standard deviation 2 (SD2) were maximal at ~4 mo and decreased at ~18 and ~24 mo, together with attenuation of indexes of syrt rate and its age-related adaptations.The 60-kDa heat shock protein (HSP60) is a chaperone essential for mitochondrial proteostasis ensuring thus sufficient aerobic energy production. In pathological conditions, HSP60 can be translocated from the mitochondria and excreted from the cell. In turn, the extracellular HSP60 has a strong ability to trigger and enhance inflammatory response with marked proinflammatory cytokine induction, which is mainly mediated by Toll-like receptor binding. Previous studies have found increased circulating levels of HSP60 in hypertensive patients, as well as enhanced HSP60 expression and membrane translocation in the hypertrophic myocardium. These observations are of particular interest, since they could provide a possible pathophysiological explanation of the severe course and worse outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in hypertensive patients, repeatedly reported during the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and related to hyperinflammatory response and cytokine storm development during the third phase of the disease. In this regard, pharmacological inhibition of HSP60 could attract attention to potentially ameliorate inappropriate inflammatory reaction in severe COVID-19 patients. Among HSP60 antagonizing drugs, mizoribine is the most intriguing, since it is clinically approved and exerts antiviral activity. However, this topic requires to be further scrutinized.Heat acclimation (HA) may improve the regulation of cardiac output (Q̇) through increased blood volume (BV) and left ventricular (LV) diastolic filling and attenuate reductions in Q̇ during exercise-induced dehydration; however, these hypotheses have never been directly tested. Before and following 10-days exercise HA, eight males completed two trials of submaximal exercise in 33°C and 50% relative humidity while maintaining preexercise euhydrated body mass (EUH; -0.6 ± 0.4%) or becoming progressively dehydrated (DEH; -3.6 ± 0.7%). Rectal (Tre) and skin (Tsk) temperatures, heart rate (HR), LV volumes and function, systemic hemodynamics and BV were measured at rest and during bouts of semirecumbent cycling (55% V̇o2max) at 20, 100 and 180 min, interspersed by periods of upright exercise. Tre, BV, HR, LV volumes, LV systolic and diastolic function, and systemic hemodynamics were similar between trials at rest and during the first 20 min of exercise (all P > 0.05). These responses were largely unaffected by HA aessive dehydration is consistently associated with similar degrees of hyperthermia and tachycardia and reductions in blood volume, diastolic filling of the left ventricle, stroke volume, and cardiac output, regardless of acclimation state.In patients with myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac rupture is an uncommon but catastrophic complication. In the mouse model of nonreperfused MI, reported rupture rates are highly variable and depend not only on the genetic background and sex of animals but also on the method used for documentation of rupture. In most studies, diagnosis of cardiac rupture is based on visual inspection during autopsy; however, criteria are poorly defined. We performed systematic histopathological analysis of whole hearts from C57BL/6J mice dying after nonreperfused MI and evaluated the reliability of autopsy-based criteria in identification of rupture. Moreover, we compared the cell biological environment of the infarct between rupture-related and rupture-independent deaths. Histopathological analysis documented rupture in 50% of mice dying during the first week post-MI. Identification of a gross rupture site was highly specific but had low sensitivity; in contrast, hemothorax had high sensitivity but low specificity. Mice wiy and low sensitivity. We also show that mice dying of rupture have increased macrophage influx and attenuated myofibroblast infiltration in the infarct. These findings are consistent with a role for perturbations in the balance between inflammatory and reparative responses in the pathogenesis of postinfarction cardiac rupture. We also report that the male predilection for rupture in infarcted mice is not associated with increased inflammatory activation of myeloid cells.
The primary aim was to test the construct validity of a surface electromyography (EMG) measurement protocol, indirectly assessing the effects of anti-vibration (AV) gloves on activities of the forearm muscles.
AV gloves impose a relatively higher grip demand and thus a higher risk for musculoskeletal disorders. Consequently, activities of the forearm muscles should be considered when assessing AV glove performance.
Effects of AV gloves on activities of the forearm muscles (ECR extensor carpi radialis longus; ED extensor digitorum; FCR flexor carpi radialis; FDS flexor digitorum superficialis) were measured via EMG, while gripping a handle with two grip force levels. Fifteen subjects participated with 11 glove conditions, including one with bare hand.
Activities of ECR, FCR, mean of ECR and FCR (ECR_FCR), and mean of all four muscles were sensitive to wearing gloves. Compared with bare hand, combined ECR_FCR activities increased by 22%-78% (mean = 48%,
= 28%) with gloves. The correlation coefficient (
) of ECR_FCR activities with glove thickness and manual dexterity scores were 0.74 (
< .05) and 0.90 (
< .001), respectively.
A refined EMG methodology was the most sensitive to AV gloves with specific forearm muscles (ECR and FCR) and the 50-N handgrip force. Its construct validity was further substantiated by correlations with glove thickness and manual dexterity.
see more of the effect of AV gloves on activities of the forearm muscles can yield design guidance for AV gloves to reduce grip exertion by the gloved hand.
Assessment of the effect of AV gloves on activities of the forearm muscles can yield design guidance for AV gloves to reduce grip exertion by the gloved hand.The purpose of this study is to estimate mass apparent density and Young's modulus to investigate biomechanical properties of the proximal femur bone. In this study eleven specimens of sheep femur bone having age between 1-1.25 years and human femur bone having age between 14 and 81years are used. In the present study, the first technique attempts to estimate the density from the image-based Hounsfield unit which is obtained directly from a computed tomography image. The modulus of elasticity is estimated from density-elasticity relation which is available in the literature. Another technique is used to develop a correlation between computed apparent density and greyscale based coefficient obtained by material mapping method using commercial Simpleware ScanIP software. Estimated mean deviation in apparent mass density and Young's modulus is 4.34% and 4.69% in sheep bone and 4.35% and 4.94% in human bone respectively. link2 It is found that apparent density and Young's modulus obtained shows close agreement with values reported in the literature. Moreover, the study attempts to build up a new material model between human and sheep for orthopaedics clinical trials and research in Indian context. In addition, it is also observed that bone mass density of sheep is 1.60 times human. This method can also be useful to study and analyse biomechanical properties of the human femur bone.
Oral factor Xa inhibitors are known to significantly increase heparin anti-Xa concentrations, which leads to inaccuracies when monitoring intravenous unfractionated heparin (IV UFH). Guidance for managing this laboratory interference is lacking, creating substantial uncertainty in clinical practice.
To describe a strategy used by a large academic institution for managing the controversy of laboratory interference in the setting of oral factor Xa inhibitor use and provide effectiveness and safety data for this approach.
In December 2016, a new Heparin IV Direct Oral Anticoagulant (DOAC) Interference PowerPlan (a comprehensive order set) was made available in the electronic health record (Cerner, North Kansas City, MO) throughout the health system. link3 We retrospectively examined 169 patients with events reported in the error reporting system, RISKMASTER, and evaluated reports with and without the use of the PowerPlan. Effectiveness was determined through evaluation of thrombosis. The Naranjo criteria for causality were applied to assess thrombotic events.
Of 56 events that were reported with apixaban when the PowerPlan was not ordered, 4 (7%) thrombotic events occurred within 7 days of UFH initiation. One out of the 4 events (25%) that occurred when the PowerPlan was not appropriately initiated was considered probable using the Naranjo Scale. Three additional events (75%) were possible using the Naranjo Scale.
The Heparin IV DOAC Interference PowerPlan appears to be conducive to positive patient outcomes when evaluating voluntary reported events and may assist clinicians with managing the therapeutic dilemma of this laboratory interference.
The Heparin IV DOAC Interference PowerPlan appears to be conducive to positive patient outcomes when evaluating voluntary reported events and may assist clinicians with managing the therapeutic dilemma of this laboratory interference.
