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The present article compiles results of different NCEP studies focusing on parents with mental illness in Early Childhood Intervention. Results are discussed with regard to their relevance for further improving the care systems.Shared Responsibility!? Interdisciplinary Care for Children of Mentally Ill Parents From the Perspective of Child and Youth Welfare Families with at least one mentally ill parent require professional help from several support systems considering the different burdens and complex needs. When designing help and care programs, it is important to focus on the quality of interdisciplinary cooperation and communal networking. Fatostatin cell line -related and cross-case cooperation requires binding work structures as well as an overall strategy at the local level. The recent final report to the German Bundestag by the working group "The Children of Mentally Ill Parents" emphasized the relevance of the topic while putting forward recommendations. This article outlines the current academic discussion as well as developments in the design process of interdisciplinary care programs from the perspective of child and youth welfare.Assisting the Forgotten Ones - Interventions for Children of Parents with Psychological Disorders Mental diseases are associated with high levels of distress in various areas of life for those, who are affected. Taking a closer look at the social circumstances, not exclusively the people themselves but also their family members are affected, especially children. In adult treatment these children are often neglected, even if they have a higher risk of suffering a mental illness themselves. A huge amount of this risk is related to the special family environment children are often exposed to right after birth. We already find prevention programs helping these children and their parents to protect their mental health. These programs largely differ regarding parental psychopathology, setting or intensity. This article gives an overview of the special circumstances these children may be confronted with and hence derivates possible starting points to support affected families. A few existing programs will be described in detail. Empirical findings presented in the article give hope for the effectiveness of already existing programs and besides highlight the need for further research and changes in the care system.Mental Disorders and Parenting Challenges and Opportunities for Adult Mental Health Services Parenting can be a key element in the psychiatric rehabilitation process, but it may come with many challenges for parents with mental health problems. Illness symptoms, together with social and sociocultural factors, can have adverse effects on family life or parenting behaviors and entail severe consequences for a child's psychosocial development. Bidirectional interactions can increase parental burden and thus worsen a parent's course of illness. This vicious circle can be broken by the provision of early and adequate support of mothers and fathers with mental health problems. Adult mental health services can make an important yet often underestimated contribution here. This article refers to parents' resources and needs and introduces both opportunities and challenges for adult mental health services when it comes to dealing with parenting needs. Mental health professionals are in a pivotal position for extending adequate support to clients on their parental needs. These professionals' skills and knowledge regarding parenting are essential for the successful implementation of family-focused practices in adult mental health services. Beyond the individual level, there is a need for policies and guidelines stipulating the integration of family and child perspectives in adult mental health services. In a broader view, a program from Finland shows how mental health professionals as well as peers can support parents and their families during the treatment process.Supporting Children of Parents With a Mental Illness State of Research and Two Practice Approaches and Claims for the Government Children of parents with a mental illness (COPMI) are at an increased risk to develop (severe) mental disorders (SMI) themselves. Estimates for Germany result in about 25 % of COPMI. This is thus a large and high risk group. On the other hand, prevention programs for COPMI are still scarce, especially in Germany, and central features of the transgenerational transmission of mental disorders have not been studied in conjunction to shed light on potential transmission mechanisms. #link# The current article presents two current research projects on COPMI focusing on preventive approaches. The BMBF funded project "Children of Parents with a Mental Illness At Risk Evaluation" (COMPARE) targets parents of children aged 1.5 to 16 years of age. Parents need to fulfil a current DSM-5 based diagnosis of a mental disorder and then receive either 25-45 sessions gold standard cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or CBT plus 10 sessions Positive Parenting Program (PPP) to test the effects of parental therapy on the children and whether an additional parent training results in incremental effects above and beyond CBT alone. The project "The Village" is a model project in the region Tyrol, Austria, targeting the improved identification and collaborative care of COPMI.Integrating theory on interpersonal relationships and intergroup relations, this research examined the role of common ingroup recategorization (i.e., perceiving outgroup members as belonging to the same superordinate group as oneself) in fostering communal interracial relationships. A cross-sectional study (Study 1) and a short-term intensive longitudinal study (Study 2) involving Black and White friendship and romantic dyads suggested that recategorization predicted greater communal motivation and security via perceived similarity. These effects were found in terms of both enduring characteristics and changes over time. In turn, communal motivation and security predicted greater self-reported prosocial behavior and relationship satisfaction, suggesting that they are beneficial to interracial relationship quality. Communal motivation also predicted increases over time in recategorization and perceived similarity, suggesting bidirectional effects. Taken together, these results suggest a reciprocal process in which common ingroup recategorization and perceptions of similarity promote and derive from the communal nature of interracial relationships.Severe yield losses induced by a complex of whitefly-transmitted Begomovirus species (family Geminiviridae) have been reported in tomatoes in Brazil (Reis et al. link2 2020). Nine isolates were obtained from tomato plants exhibiting begomovirus-like symptoms (viz. apical and interveinal chlorosis, yellow spots, and stunting) during independent field surveys one isolate in Sumaré, São Paulo-SP State (isolate SP-066) in 2001, two in Serra Negra, Minas Gerais-MG (MG-012 and MG-016) in 2002, five in Caxias do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul-RS (RS-039, RS-045, RS-046, RS-047 and RS-058) in 2011 and one in Domingos Martins, Espírito Santo-ES (ES-148) in 2016. Disease incidence across all sampled fields ranged from 30% (in Domingos Martins-ES) to 90% in Sumaré-SP. Total DNA extraction was done by a modified CTAB method (Boiteux et al., 1999). Begomovirus infection was confirmed in all isolates by selective amplification of viral DNA-A segments using the primer pairs 'PAL1v1978 / PAR1c496' (Rojas et al., 1993) and 'BegomoAFor1' / levels of tolerance to the major herbicide (metribuzin) employed in this crop. Therefore, this weed may act as a persistent reservoir of tomato-infecting EuYMV isolates, which may allow the selection of viral populations potentially more adapted to this vegetable crop.Resistance to sterol demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides in Monilinia fructicola, causal agent of brown rot of stone fruit, has been reported in the southeastern and eastern United States and in Brazil. DMI resistance of some M. fructicola isolates, in particular those recovered from the southeastern United States, is associated with a sequence element termed "Mona" that causes overexpression of the cytochrome demethylase target gene MfCYP51. In this study, we conducted statewide surveys of Michigan stone fruit orchards from 2009 to 2011 and in 2019, and we determined the sensitivity to propiconazole of a total of 813 isolates of M. fructicola. A total of 80.7% of Michigan isolates were characterized as resistant to propiconazole by relative growth assays, but the Mona insert was not uniformly detected and was present in some isolates that were not characterized as DMI resistant. Gene expression assays indicated that elevated expression of MfCYP51 was only weakly correlated with DMI resistance in M. fructicola isolates from Michigan, and there was no obvious correlation between the presence of the Mona element and elevated expression of MfCYP51. However, sequence analysis of MfCYP51 from 25 DMI-resistant isolates did not reveal any point mutations that could be correlated with resistance. Amplification and sequencing upstream of MfCYP51 resulted in detection of DNA insertions in a wide range of isolates typed by DMI phenotype and the presence of Mona or other unique sequences. The function of these unique sequences or their presence upstream of MfCYP51 cannot be correlated to a DMI-resistant genotype at this time. Our results indicate that DMI resistance was established in Michigan populations of M. fructicola by 2009 to 2011, and that relative resistance levels have continued to increase to the point that practical resistance is present in most orchards. In addition, the presence of the Mona insert is not a marker for identifying DMI-resistant isolates of M. fructicola in Michigan.Blackberries (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) are popular, wild fruits with high content of antioxidants and thus with beneficial effect on the human health (Reyes-Carmona et al. 2005). In July 2019 and May 2020, plants with typical powdery mildew symptoms were collected in the blackberry cv. 'Triple crown' orchard (of 2 ha in size) in the vicinity of Pakovraće (Moravica District, Serbia). The symptoms observed in 2019 included mild chlorotic spots on both old and young leaves accompanied by the white powdery mildew colonies on the surface of the leaves, visible on both primorcanes and floricanes. In 2020, even more intensive symptoms occurred on fruit bearing shoots which were covered with dense white fungal growth. Heavily infected leaves turned necrotic along the edges, followed by defoliation. Disease incidence was calculated by randomly counting and rating 100 plants in four replications and estimated to be over 90% while disease severity was estimated to be over 40%. Morphological characteristics were ae. P. aphanis is described as strawberry and raspberry powdery mildew pathogen with a population expressing substantial genetic diversity (Harvey and Xu 2010). The molecular data on blackberry originating isolates of P. aphanis are missing. link3 Our study showed that P. aphanis could be destructive for blackberry in Serbia, thus representing a threat for the production of this valuable crop.Centella asiatica is a perennial, herbaceous creeper plant that belongs to the family Apiaceae. It has been known since prehistoric times and has been used for therapeutic and cosmetic purposes (James and Dubery 2009; Gohil et al. 2010), and is easily propagated vegetatively. In 2018, plants of C. asiatica exhibiting foliar symptoms of mosaic and malformation were found in the botanical garden of the Plantarum Institute (Nova Odessa municipality, São Paulo state - 22°46'45.8"S 47°18'47.5"W) and in an experimental area at ESALQ/USP (Piracicaba municipality, São Paulo state - 22°42'26.0"S 47°37'48.6"W). In both locations the plants were grown in beds of approximately 4 m2 and all of them were symptomatic. Initially, leaf extract from symptomatic C. asiatica plants was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) after being negatively stained with 1% uranyl acetate. Potyvirus-like flexuous filamentous particles were observed in leaf samples from both locations. TEM of thin sections of symptomatic leaf tissues revealed the presence of cylindrical inclusions, characteristic of infection by potyviruses, in the cytoplasm of epidermal, parenchymal, and vascular cells.