Guycox6166
With a manualized format, clinicians at most levels of training should be able to implement this treatment manual and flexibly adapt as needed when working with children and adolescents who are experiencing delayed symptom recovery following concussion.
Our findings indicate that a 6-session manualized cognitive behavioral intervention is feasible to initiate in an outpatient clinic 1 to 12 months following a pediatric mild traumatic brain injury. With a manualized format, clinicians at most levels of training should be able to implement this treatment manual and flexibly adapt as needed when working with children and adolescents who are experiencing delayed symptom recovery following concussion.
Many children who experience a traumatic brain injury (TBI) return to school without receiving needed support services.
To identify services received and predictors of formal special education services (ie, Individualized Education Plan [IEP]) for students with TBI 1 year after returning to school.
A total of 74 students with TBI recruited from children's hospitals in Colorado, Ohio, and Oregon.
Secondary analysis of previously reported randomized control trials with surveys completed by caregivers when students returned to school (T1) and 1 year later (T2). GSK-3008348 in vitro This study reports data collected at T2.
While 45% of students with TBI reported an IEP 1 year after returning to school, nearly 50% of students received informal or no services. Male students, those who sustained a severe TBI, and students whose parents reported domain-specific concerns were more likely to receive special education services at 1 year. In a multivariate model, sex remained the only significant predictor of IEP services at T2.
Females and students with less severe or less visible deficits were less likely to receive special education services. While transition services may help students obtain special education for the first year after TBI, identifying students with TBI who have subtle or later-developing deficits remains a challenge.
Females and students with less severe or less visible deficits were less likely to receive special education services. While transition services may help students obtain special education for the first year after TBI, identifying students with TBI who have subtle or later-developing deficits remains a challenge.
In participants with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and peer controls, examine (1) differences in negative attributions (interpret ambiguous behaviors negatively); (2) cognitive and emotional factors associated with negative attributions; and (3) negative attribution associations with anger responses, life satisfaction, and participation.
Two TBI outpatient rehabilitation centers.
Participants with complicated mild to severe TBI (n = 105) and peer controls (n = 105).
Cross-sectional survey study.
Hypothetical scenarios describing ambiguous behaviors were used to assess situational anger and attributions of intent, hostility, and blame. Executive functioning, perspective taking, emotion perception and social inference, alexithymia, aggression, anxiety, depression, participation, and life satisfaction were also assessed.
Compared with peer controls, participants with TBI rated behaviors significantly more intentional, hostile, and blameworthy. Regression models explained a significant amount of attribution variance (25%-43%). Aggression was a significant predictor in all models; social inference was also a significant predictor of intent and hostility attributions. Negative attributions were associated with anger responses and lower life satisfaction.
People with TBI who have higher trait aggression and poor social inferencing skills may be prone to negative interpretations of people's ambiguous actions. Negative attributions and social inferencing skills should be considered when treating anger problems after TBI.
People with TBI who have higher trait aggression and poor social inferencing skills may be prone to negative interpretations of people's ambiguous actions. Negative attributions and social inferencing skills should be considered when treating anger problems after TBI.
To characterize fatigue in children with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to identify associated factors.
Urban tertiary pediatric healthcare facility.
Children aged 5 to 15 years with a moderate TBI (n = 21), severe TBI (n = 23), or an orthopedic injury (OI; n = 38).
Case-control study.
(i) Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (PedsQL-MFS), completed by parents and children; (ii) Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children, completed by parents. Data on injury-specific factors and other factors of interest were also collected.
The 2 TBI groups did not differ on any of the fatigue outcomes (child or parent ratings). Relative to the OI group, parents rated children in both TBI groups as experiencing greater fatigue. However, on self-ratings, only children with moderate TBI endorsed greater fatigue. Sleep was commonly associated with fatigue, with child sleep disturbance and child sleep hygiene associated with parent-rated and self-rated child fatigue, respectively. Individually, there were no cases of "normal" fatigue coinciding with severe sleep disturbance. However, there were several cases of severe fatigue coinciding with normal sleep. Additional factors associated with fatigue were older age at injury, longer time since injury, and/or greater internalizing difficulties.
Children with moderate and severe TBI experience greater fatigue than OI controls. Parent and child ratings of fatigue appear to be associated with different factors, indicating that fatigue management may require a broad range of treatments.
Children with moderate and severe TBI experience greater fatigue than OI controls. Parent and child ratings of fatigue appear to be associated with different factors, indicating that fatigue management may require a broad range of treatments.
To compare characteristics of those who do and do not sustain subsequent traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) following index TBI and to identify reinjury risk factors.
Secondary data analysis of an ongoing longitudinal cohort study.
TBI Model Systems Centers.
In total, 11 353 individuals aged 16+ years.
Ohio State University TBI Identification Method.
In total, 7.9% of individuals reported sustaining a TBI post-index TBI. Twenty percent of reinjuries occurred within a year of the index TBI. Reinjury risk followed an approximate U-shaped distribution such that risk was higher in the first year, declined 2 to 10 years postinjury, and then increased after 10 years. A multivariable Weibull model identified predictors of reinjury younger (<29 years) and middle-aged and older (50+ years) age at index TBI relative to middle age, pre-index TBI, pre-index alcohol and illicit drug use, incarceration history, and less severe index TBI.
A subset of individuals who receive inpatient rehabilitation for TBI are at an increased risk for reinjury, and an injury-prone phenotype may be characterized by engagement in risk behaviors.
