Gregersenfischer5550

A network data envelopment analysis slack-based measure (NSBM) was applied to explore the thermal power generation environmental governance efficiency (TGGE) of 30 provinces in China except Tibet from 2006 to 2015, and then the threshold panel data model was established to study the nonlinear impact of cost-based environmental regulation (CER) on TGGE. The results show that (1) thermal power generation efficiency (TGE) is relatively low but shows a fluctuation growth trend, and TGGE is lower than thermal power generation production efficiency (TGPE); (2) CER has a significant single-threshold effect on the TGGE in China. When the proportion of CER to gross domestic production (GDP) is less than 3.023, the regulation has a significant positive effect on TGGE, while when the proportion of CER to GDP is larger than 3.023, the positive effect is greatly reduced from 0.073 to 0.002. check details The same conclusion can be obtained using the ratio of CER to gross industrial output value as the threshold variable, although with a different threshold value. From the average value of the sample period, for the vast majority of provinces, the effects of CER on TGGE are not significant. Based on these, relevant policy implications are presented to further promote TGGE.Despite the growing interest in researches on the impact of technological development on carbon emissions, the effect of technological innovation on the other indicators of environmental degradation is of little interest. In order to close this gap, the aim of this study is to determine the effects of technological innovation on both carbon emission and ecological footprint for big emerging markets (BEM) countries. In doing so, the environmental impacts of the financialization process are also explored, in line with the fact that these countries face constraints in financing technological developments. In this context, the effects of technological development, financialization, renewable energy consumption, and non-renewable energy consumption on environmental degradation are examined through the second-generation panel data methods for the period 1995-2016. The findings indicate that technological innovation is effective in reducing carbon emissions, but does not have a significant impact on the ecological footprint, namely a 1% increase in technological innovations reduces carbon emission by 0.082-0.088%. Moreover, it is found that financialization harms environmental quality for both indicators of the environment because a 1% increase in financialization increases carbon emissions by 0.203-0.222% and increases ecological footprint by 0.069-0.071%.Emissions from coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) have a negative impact on the environment and metals are one of the categories of substances that have received considerable attention. In the present study, atmospheric zinc (Zn) emissions from eight CFPPs with different kinds of boilers and air pollution control devices (APCDs) in Guizhou Province, Southwest China, were investigated as well as the partitioning of this metal among boilers and APCDs. During the investigation of a CFPP, samples were taken of input and output materials during the same period. Our results give a Zn content of 32-165 mg kg-1 for feed coal, 52-237 mg kg-1 for bottom ash, 108-725 mg kg-1 for fly ash, 1.2-6.0 mg kg-1 for limestone, 1.6-7.3 mg kg-1 for gypsum, and 1.39-7.06 μg Nm-3 for stack gas. Most of the zinc content in the feed coal goes with the flue gas after combustion and amounts to 94.2-96.1% and 60.5-78.1% for pulverized coal-fired boilers (PC) and circulating fluidized bed boilers (CFB), respectively. Based on input Zn, a larger share (80.8-96.4%) ends up the captured fly ash of PC boilers than the case of CFB boilers (66.1-73.6%). In turn, a minor portion is captured into the flue gas desulfurization gypsum, while we found a maximum of 0.05‰ is emitted into the atmosphere. The atmospheric emission factors (EMFs) of Zn for the eight CFPPs are 7.55-57.22 mg ton-1 coal, 4.17-22.75 μg (kWh)-1, or 0.39-2.36 g TJ-1 using different benchmarks. link2 Overall, the calculated emission factors here are distinctively low with the upgrading of APCDs in recent years. An estimation of 1276 ± 1047 kg year-1 (range 498-3777 kg year-1) of Zn is emitted into the atmosphere from the CFPPs of Guizhou Province in 2017 by coupling the EMFs obtained from this study and the coal consumption by this category of power plants.In order to calculate the spatial distribution of high-resolution air-pollutant levels, the land use regression (LUR) model can be an effective method due to the comprehensive consideration of various factors. Traditional LUR models mostly use predefined buffers, which have the disadvantage of not matching high-resolution data well. In order to get a better-fitting model, a few researches have proposed new buffer selection methods. To solve this problem, we propose a new optimal buffer selection method based on the dichotomy to improve the correlation between predicted variables and pollutant concentration. For some socioeconomic data with high spatial resolution that cannot be obtained, for example, building data is used instead of population density data. Compared with the model with the predefined buffers, the model with our buffer selection strategy explained additional 5% variability in measured concentrations, in terms of the R2 of the final model. Our model explained 98% of the samples, and the deviation (1.78%) and root mean square error (5.17 μg/m) were small. It means that the LUR model with our buffer selection strategy can be used as a fit method to better describe spatial variability in atmospheric pollutant levels, which will be conducive to epidemiological research and urban environmental planning.Herein, the synthesis of hydrophobic macroinimer-based hybrid sorbents and their use in the removal of organic solvents from wastewater is explored. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), 4,-4'-azobis-4-cyanopentanoyl chloride (ACPC), and methacryloyl chloride were reacted via bulk condensation polymerization to synthesize the macroinimer. The organogel systems were then prepared with macroinimer using different acrylic monomers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate without any additional crosslinker and initiator. The structural properties of the obtained final products were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and TGA. The effect of alkyl chain length and macroinimer moieties in the organogel networks, as well as the swelling capacities of the prepared gels, was evaluated for different organic solvents and oils. The maximum solvent absorbencies of macroinimer-based organogels were determined as 85.3%, 100.9%, 1422.1%, 1660.0%, 3809.3%, and 5032.2% for diesel oil, gasoline, acetone, benzene, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and dichloromethane (DCM), respectively. Furthermore, adsorption-desorption kinetics, selective absorption from oil/water mixtures, temperature effect on the absorption capacity, and reusability tests were investigated. Obtained results showed that the prepared organogels possessed high swelling, efficient absorption capacity, and good oil separation performance in the removal of organic solvents from wastewater. The temperature-dependent absorption study shows no significant change in absorption capacity. Thus, the prepared macroinimer-based organogels in the present study demonstrate potential as prospective sorbents for organic pollutant cleanup from wastewater.It is known that some Campanula species are traditionally used because of their anti-allergic, spasmolytic, antiphlogistic, antioxidant, and antiviral properties. This study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant, α-amylase, and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of ethyl acetate, methanol, and water extracts of Campanula macrostachya Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd. Chemical compositions were analyzed by spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods. Antioxidant activities of the samples were tested by using five different test systems. Enzyme inhibitory activities of the extracts were also studied. As a result of the LC-ESI-MS/MS analyses, chlorogenic acid, hesperidin, and hyperoside were found to be the major compounds of the extracts, especially the MeOH extract (6559.59, 2499.22, and 2047.66 μg/g extract, respectively). Antioxidant activity tests have proven that MeOH extract showed higher activity than others (DPPH 4.15 mg/mL, ABTS 2.05 mg/mL, CUPRAC 1.80 mg/mL, FRAP 0.83 mg/mL, phosphomolybdenum 1.69 mg/mL). Ferrous ion chelating activity of the water extract was 1.03 mg/mL. In α-amylase and tyrosinase inhibitory assays, EtOAc (IC50 2.54 mg/mL) and MeOH (IC50 1.51 mg/mL) extracts showed higher activity than the others did. In phosphomolybdenum, CUPRAC, FRAP, and tyrosinase inhibitory assays, the activity was strongly correlated with flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, hesperidin, and hyperoside. On the other hand, phenolic compounds have been found to contribute more to radical scavenging activity. link3 Pearson correlation analysis showed that phenolics and flavonoids were not responsible for the α-amylase inhibitory activity of EtOAc extract.Due to the present drought events and dynamics of vegetation, the circumstances in mainland China could become even more serious. Therefore, we study the impact of drought on vegetation trends in mainland China, with the aim of discovering the temporal and spatial differences in vegetation dynamics caused by seasonal drought. Our method is based on the use of data from the AVHRR Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) from 1983 to 2016 and temperature and precipitation data from Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (NASA's MERRA). Due to the sparse vegetation and low drought, NDVI is the most useful for describing drought conditions in mainland China. The NDVI, TCI, VHI, NVSWI, VCI, TVDI, and NAP from April to October increased rapidly, while the NDVI, TCI, VHI, NVSWI, NAP, TVDI, and VCI are stable every month in September, improve again in October, and then show in December a downward trend. The NDVI, TCI, VHI, NVSWI, NAP, TVDI, and VCI monthly values indicate that mainland Cof mainland China, drought is more likely to occur in the northwestern areas. There is no doubt that these drought indices are comprehensive indicators of monitoring drought events in mainland China.Electronic waste is termed as e-waste and on recycling it produces environmental pollution. Among these e-waste pollutants, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are significantly important due to ubiquitous, organic in nature and serious health and environmental hazards. PCBs are used in different electrical equipment such as in transformers and capacitors for the purposes of exchange of heat and hydraulic fluids. Bioremediation is a reassuring technology for the elimination of the PCBs from the environment. In spite of their chemical stability, there are several microbes which can bio-transform or mineralize the PCBs aerobically or anaerobically. In this review paper, our objective was to summarize the information regarding PCB-degrading enzymes and microbes. The review suggested that the most proficient PCB degraders during anaerobic condition are Dehalobacter, Dehalococcoides, and Desulfitobacterium and in aerobic condition are Burkholderia, Achromobacter, Comamonas, Ralstonia, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Alcaligenes etc.