Dowlingnorris1757

Proteomic analysis identified perturbation of several pathways related to cellular respiration and stress responses upon LPS challenge. Most of these were resolved when cells were treated with GGC. While GGC did not resolve LPS-induced IL-8 and IDO-1 activity, it effectively attenuated LPS-induced oxidative stress and stress granule formation, while significantly increasing total intracellular glutathione levels, metabolic viability and improving epithelial cell barrier integrity. Both therapeutic and prophylactic treatments were successful. Together, these findings indicate that GGC has therapeutic potential for treatment and prevention of oxidative stress-related damage to airways in cystic fibrosis.Spontaneous prolongation of the luteal phase has been described in horses, but the underlying causes are still unclear. The present study investigated details of gonadotrophin and progestogen secretion in pregnant mares (n = 11) with or without experimentally reduced early postovulatory luteal function. From days 0 to 3 after ovulation, they were treated with the prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) analogue cloprostenol or left untreated. After conceptus collection on day 34, they were assigned to the opposite treatment. Mares were affiliated to the group primary corpus luteum (n = 6) or diestrous corpus luteum (n = 5) depending on diestrous corpus luteum (CL) detection in the PGF pregnancy. For statistical comparisons, a p-value less then 0.05 was significant. There was an effect of treatment (p less then 0.01), but not of group on progestogen concentration. The concentration of LH was higher in PGF-treated than in untreated pregnancies (p less then 0.05), but did not differ between groups. The FSH concentration did not differ between groups nor treatments. The total luteal tissue area was greater in mares with a diestrous ovulation during the PGF treatment pregnancy. Low progestogen concentration in the early postovulatory phase diminish the negative feedback on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in early pregnancy and, thus, stimulate a luteal tissue response. Detection of secondary CL at the time of pregnancy examination in mares may reflect that early post-ovulatory progestogen concentrations were low.Molecular approaches are powerful tools that are used for medical or environmental diagnoses. However, the main limitations of such a tools are that they extract low levels of DNA and they do not remove the inhibitors of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Although the use of polycation to complex and purify DNA has been described in the literature, elution often requires a high ionic strength or pH levels not compatible with molecular analyses. In this paper, we described a new process that is based on the complexation of DNA with linear polylysine, followed by capturing the complex by a cation exchange resin. The originality of the process consisted of using mechanic force to elute DNA from the complex. The extraction method showed several advantages when compared to existing methods, such as being compatible with pH levels that range from 5 to 11, as well as high levels of DNA recovery and elimination of PCR inhibitors from complex samples. This method was successfully applied to different types of samples, such as environmental samples, beverage samples, and medical samples. Furthermore, it was proven to be a good solution for removing PCR inhibitors and assuring good DNA recovery yield.Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a systemic rheumatic disease that predominantly affects salivary and lacrimal glands resulting in oral and ocular dryness, respectively, referred to as sicca symptoms. The clinical presentation of ocular dryness includes keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), resulting from the inflammatory damage to the ocular surface tissues of cornea and conjunctiva. The diagnostic evaluation of KCS is a critical component of the classification criteria used by clinicians worldwide to confirm SS diagnosis. Therapeutic management of SS requires both topical and systemic treatments. Several mouse models of SS have contributed to our current understanding of immunopathologic mechanisms underlying the disease. This information also helps develop novel therapeutic interventions. Although these models address glandular aspects of SS pathology, their impact on ocular surface tissues is addressed only in a few models such as thrombospondin (TSP)-1 deficient, C57BL/6.NOD.Aec1Aec2, NOD.H2b, NOD.Aire KO, and IL-2Rα (CD25) KO mice. While corneal and/or conjunctival damage is reported in most of these models, the characteristic SS specific autoantibodies are only reported in the TSP-1 deficient mouse model, which is also validated as a preclinical model. This review summarizes valuable insights provided by investigations on the ocular spectrum of the SS pathology in these models.Specific chromatin immunoprecipitation of salt-fractionated infected cell extracts has demonstrated that the CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), a highly conserved, 11-zinc-finger DNA-binding protein with known roles in cellular and viral genome organization and gene expression, specifically binds the genome of Minute Virus of Mice (MVM). Mutations that diminish binding of CTCF to MVM affect processing of the P4-generated pre-mRNAs. These RNAs are spliced less efficiently to generate the R1 mRNA, and definition of the NS2-specific exon upstream of the small intron is reduced, leading to relatively less R2 and the generation of a novel exon-skipped product. These results suggest a model in which CTCF is required for proper engagement of the spliceosome at the MVM small intron and for the first steps of processing of the P4-generated pre-mRNA.Essential oils (EOs) are secondary metabolites of plants employed in folk medicine for a long time thanks to their multiple properties. In the last years, their use has been introduced in veterinary medicine, too. The study of the antibacterial properties of EOs is of increasing interest, because therapies with alternative drugs are welcome to combat infections caused by antibiotic-resistant strains. Other issues could be resolved by EOs employment, such as the presence of antibiotic residues in food of animal origin and in environment. Although the in vitro antimicrobial activity of EOs has been frequently demonstrated in studies carried out on bacterial and fungal strains of different origins, there is a lack of information about their effectiveness in treating infections in animals. The scientific literature reports some studies about in vitro EOs' activity against animal clinical bacterial and fungal isolates, but in vivo studies are very scanty. The use of EOs in therapy of companion and farm animals should follow careful studies on the toxicity of these natural products in relation to animal species and route of administration. Moreover, considering the different behavior of EOs in relation to both species and strain pathogen, before starting a therapy, an aromatogram should be executed to choose the oil with the best antimicrobial activity..The direct, one-pot oxidation of ethane to acetic acid was, for the first time, performed using a C-scorpionate complex anchored onto a magnetic core-shell support, the Fe3O4/TiO2/[FeCl2κ3-HC(pz)3] composite. This catalytic system, where the magnetic catalyst is easily recovered and reused, is highly selective to the acetic acid synthesis. The performed green metrics calculations highlight the "greeness" of the new ethane oxidation procedure.One of the main problems faced by libraries, archives and collectors is the mold degradation of the paper-based documents, books, artworks etc. Microfungi (molds) emerge in regular storage conditions of such items (humidity, usually over 50%, and temperatures under 21 °C). If the removal of the visible mycelium is relatively easy, there is always the problem of the subsequent appearance of mold as the spores remain trapped in the cellulosic, fibrillary texture, which acts as a net. Thiostrepton purchase Moreover, due to improper hand hygiene bacteria contamination, old books could represent a source of biohazard, being colonized with human pathogens. An easy and accessible method of decontamination, which could offer long term protection is therefore needed. Here, we present a facile use of the ZnO nanopowders as antimicrobial agents, suitable for cellulose-based products, conferring an extended antibacterial and anti-microfungal effect. The proposed method does not adversely impact on the quality of the cellulose documents and could be efficiently used for biodegradation protection.Prodrugs, which remain inert until they are activated under appropriate conditions at the target site, have emerged as an attractive alternative to drugs that lack selectivity and show off-target effects. Prodrugs have traditionally been activated by enzymes, pH or other trigger factors associated with the disease. In recent years, bioorthogonal chemistry has allowed the creation of prodrugs that can be chemically activated with spatio-temporal precision. In particular, tetrazine-responsive bioorthogonal reactions can rapidly activate prodrugs with excellent biocompatibility. This review summarized the recent development of tetrazine bioorthogonal cleavage reaction and great promise for prodrug systems.Heat stress and competition for food are two major challenges in pigs reared in intensive conditions. The aim of the present work was to study the effect of providing a double feeder for pigs reared under two different environmental temperatures. In addition, two types of flooring, of 100% slat and 30% slat 70% concrete, were also considered. A total of 256 pigs in the growing-finishing period (from 27 kg to 110 kg) were housed using two environmental temperatures control (from 18 °C to 25 °C) and heat stress (above 30 °C six hours a day). They were housed in 32 pens of 8 pigs each, distributed into 4 rooms (16 with one feeder and 16 with two). Pigs subjected to temperatures above 30 °C up to six hours had lower body weight gains than pigs subjected to a maximum temperature of 25 °C, confirming that thermal stress negatively affects performance in pigs. In addition, heat stress affected the final product by decreasing the lean percentage of carcasses by 2.6%. A double feeder reduced the presence of negative social behavior, especially in the feeding area, but body weight was lower than when one single feeder was used. A 30% slat 70% concrete floor showed better results in the pig stress indicators and body weights than 100% slat. It is concluded that providing a double feeder in the pens, although reducing the presence of negative social interactions, negatively affected body weight, in comparison to pigs fed with just one feeder.We introduce a new principle for distance measurement in the terahertz-wave range using a resonant-tunneling-diode (RTD) oscillator as a source at 511 GHz and relying on the frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar technique. Unlike the usual FMCW radar, where the sawtooth frequency modulation is applied to the carrier, we propose applying it to a subcarrier obtained by amplitude modulation; this is advantageous when the source cannot be controlled precisely in oscillation frequency, but can easily be modulated in amplitude, as is the case of the RTD oscillator. The detailed principle and a series of proof-of-concept experimental results are presented.