Dalbyjimenez2344

, 6 months after baseline).

A repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant difference after treatment on depression levels, levels of self-esteem, and all dimensions of quality of life, such as physical, psychological, social relationships, and environment. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference on levels of CRP was found. Selleckchem MitoPQ Moreover, at follow-up, improvements were maintained.

The study revealed initial evidence of the efficacy of a functional therapy program on treating depression and its psychological and inflammation-related markers.

The study revealed initial evidence of the efficacy of a functional therapy program on treating depression and its psychological and inflammation-related markers.The present work depicts the case of a young man suffering from a depersonalization and derealization (DD) disorder, which mainly affects his own body. When the symptoms concern something else, they almost exclusively affect living beings. Neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric studies, as well as functional neuroanatomy studies, have led to hypothesize possible relationships among cognitive-neurofunctional alterations and symptoms of depersonalization and derealization. The present study suggests that a malfunction of the left frontal and prefrontal cortex causes deficits of working memory, producing some of the symptoms of DD.

Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) model, with its four problematic areas of grief, deficit, role transition and role dispute, provides a useful frame of reference for a quick case formulation. We aimed at applying the IPT problematic areas assessment in a sample of patients from a liaison psychiatry setting.

One-hundred and twenty-nine hospitalized patients of both sexes, aged between 18 and 80 years were interviewed. The 'Interpersonal Problem Areas Rating Scale' (IPARS) was used to detect the interpersonal focuses.

IPARS problematic areas were identified in the 76% of the sample (n=98). Grief and role transition, interpersonal deficits and role disputes were, respectively, the most frequently (43.4 and 42.6%, respectively) and the less frequently described focuses (14 and 11.6%). Moreover, 31 patients (24%) showed no problem areas related to current symptomatology.

The IPT model has proved to be an easy-to-use tool, able to guide the psychological interview and allowing the collection of information from an interpersonal perspective in a short time, although no specific focuses were detected as related to current psychological distress in around 25% of the sample.

The IPT model has proved to be an easy-to-use tool, able to guide the psychological interview and allowing the collection of information from an interpersonal perspective in a short time, although no specific focuses were detected as related to current psychological distress in around 25% of the sample.Pharmacological neuroenhancement refers to the non-medical use of prescription drugs, alcohol, illegal drugs, or the so-called soft enhancers for the purpose of improving cognition, mood, pro-social behavior, or work and academic performance. This phenomenon is undoubtedly more frequent than previously supposed especially amongst university students. The aim of the present paper was to carefully review and comment on the available literature on neuroenhancement, according to Prisma guidelines. The results showed a great use of all prescribed drugs (benzodiazepines, antidepressants, antipsychotics, nootropic compounds, and especially stimulants) as neuroenhancers amongst healthy subjects, although probably the real prevalence is underestimated. The use of illicit drugs and soft enhancers is similarly quite common. Data on the improvement of cognition by other compounds, such as oxytocin and pheromones, or non-pharmacological techniques, specifically deep brain stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation, are still limited. In any case, if it is true that human beings are embedded by the desire to overcome the limits of their intrinsic nature, neuroenhancement practices put into question the concept of authenticity. Therefore, the problem appears quite complex and requires to be deepened and analyzed with no prejudice, although within an ethical conceptual frame.

During childhood sleep duration, quality and patterns evolve and change greatly and relate strongly to healthy development. This systematic review aims to summarize the literature on sleep characteristics in the Italian pediatric population, adopting a cultural perspective.

Pubmed, PsycINFO and Medline databases were systematically searched. Eligible studies had to include Italian children and adolescents; report data for one or more sleep-related variables; be published in English or Italian.

Twenty-nine studies were selected including 18551 Italian children or adolescents. Studies were categorized by age group infancy and toddlerhood (0-3 years); preschool and school age (3-12 years); adolescence (12-18 years) and mixed age groups. Overall, studies showed that the Italian pediatric population present shorter sleep duration and longer sleep onset latency compared to international recommendations. Furthermore, data indicate high prevalence of dysfunctional sleep habits, such as late bed-time (all age gralian Pediatric Primary Care should place higher focus on sleep problems and implement clinical protocols directed towards improving sleep patterns in children and adolescents.

Our objective is to provide a descriptive analysis of the quality of life among a large sample of health professionals in the early days of the pandemic.

We surveyed in the first months of the pandemics with the logistical support of the Health ministry in Brazil reaching more than 200,000 varied health professionals, with quality-of-life data, assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF, available to 97,379. We segregated the professionals by their reported field of work.

The diferent professions report a diverse quality of life, suggesting a more heterogeneous pattern of impairment. The social relations domain of quality of life was the most affected in or sample.

Knowing the target population and the features related to worsening of quality of life might help to prepare the professionals for what they must face and to improve mental health in this population.

Knowing the target population and the features related to worsening of quality of life might help to prepare the professionals for what they must face and to improve mental health in this population.

The Chernobyl nuclear power plant (ChNPP) disaster that happened in Ukraine on the 26th of April 1986 still represents the most severe nuclear accident in human history. Its consequences, especially those involving mental health are increasingly emerging as long-term detrimental effects. Therefore, the aim of the present paper was to review the results of some of authors' studies and their personal reflections on this topic.

The authors selected and commented on the findings mainly derived from their contributions on the prevalence of long-term psychopathological symptoms and neuropsychiatric disorders in diferent groups of exposed and non exposed individuals, including the workers at the NPP the so-called liquidators (CUWs), the most exposed group, evacuees and people living in more or less contaminated areas.

The main findings derived from a series of studies carried out by the authors throughout the following decades after the disaster indicate the high prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases, organicted by international agencies. Such findings require to be deepened in the future possibly within the frame of the so-called "ecological psychiatry".

Work-related stress typically occurs due to particularly challenging dynamics, risks and pressure. Prolonged exposure to stress may cause serious consequences on psychophysical well-being. The current study was conducted to reexamine the clinical instruments useful for evaluating the risk factors and to examine two closely linked dimensions, which may constitute protective factors such as coping strategies and satisfaction.

Through a narrative review of the scientific literature of the last 5 years, carried out through the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, the most relevant clinical instruments used in the evaluation of stress, job satisfaction and coping strategies were examined.

Based on the considered inclusion criteria, 142 articles were selected, and 10 of the most used psycho-diagnostic instruments were identified for the evaluation of the three dimensions. The selected assessment instruments were deeply discussed in order to highlight strengths and limitations.

A variety of studies used a range of psycho-diagnostic tools in order to measure stress, coping strategies and job satisfaction. However, their integration is necessary to guarantee a complete evaluation protocol.

A variety of studies used a range of psycho-diagnostic tools in order to measure stress, coping strategies and job satisfaction. However, their integration is necessary to guarantee a complete evaluation protocol.

The frontal lobes have been reported to play in important role in metacognition. The present study evaluated metacognition in a group of neurological patients.

Twenty-one neurological (traumatic brain injury and cerebral vascular accident) patients were administered a metacognitive test and neuropsychological tests including a well-known index of frontal lobe functioning, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). After each trial, the participants were asked to evaluate their own performance on a face recognition test by rating their confidence about their accuracy on a scale of 1 (not very confident) to 3 (very confident).

A point biserial correlation between accuracy on each trial and confidence was calculated for each participant as a measure of metacognition, Mcog. Mcog was significantly associated with the index of executive/frontal lobe functioning, WCST number of categories. Mcog was not associated with Full Scale IQ, General Memory Quotient, or Benton Facial Recognition Test score (short form, which did not include the experimental trials).

These data add support to the idea that the frontal lobes have a special role in metacognition.

These data add support to the idea that the frontal lobes have a special role in metacognition.

The main purpose of the current study is to examine the factorial structure of the Psychological Problems (PP) scale, which is an inventory used for assessing anxious and depressive symptoms. No previous studies were found in which the dimensionality of the measure has been examined.

In order to test the underlying factorial structure of the scale, we performed both exploratory principal axis factor analysis and maximum likelihood robust confirmatory factor-analytic analysis on a sample of 266 international students. Parallel analysis was also computed to identify the number of factors to take into account. Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses were performed to evaluate the factorial invariance of the scale across gender.

Our results yield a bifactorial structure. One item is removed due to its double-loading, resulting in a 14-item scale. Both of the subscales' alpha coefficients are good, with satisfying levels of adjusted item-scale correlations. Findings from the measurement invariance indicate adequate configural, metric, scalar and strict invariance across gender.