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05). Conclusions ErYAG laser and NdYAG laser combined therapy on periodontitis have advantages in controlling periodontal inflammation and improving clinical symptoms.In recent years, transition metal oxides have been considered as the most promising anode materials due to their high theoretical capacity, low price, and abundant natural reserves. Among them, zinc manganate is used as an electrode material for anodes, whose application is mostly hindered due to its poor ionic/electronic conductivity. In this work, a series of ZnMn2O4 (ZMO) are synthesized by a hydrothermal technique coordinated with a metal-organic framework-based high-temperature calcination process for their application as an anode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Meanwhile, this study systematically explores the influence of carbon doping and the types of organic ligands and oxygen vacancies on the electrochemical properties of the synthesized ZMO. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental investigations reveal that the introduction of carbon and oxygen vacancies can enhance electronic conductivity, more active sites and faster Li+ adsorption, resulting in better electrochemical performances. As expected, all ZMOs with carbon doping (PMA-ZMO, MI-ZMO, and BDC-ZMO) derived from 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid, 2-methylimidazole, and 1,4-dicarboxybenzene achieve outstanding electrochemical performance. Meanwhile, the introduction of oxygen vacancies can enhance the electronic conductivity and can significantly reduce the activation energy of Li+ transport, thereby accelerating the Li+ diffusion kinetics in the lithiation/delithiation process. Furthermore, an optimal ZMO anode material synthesized by 2-methylimidazole delivers a high reversible capacity of 1174.7 mA h g-1 after 300 cycles at 0.1 A g-1 and 600 mA h g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 after 300 cycles. After high-rate charge and discharge cycles, the specific capacity rapidly recovers to a value greater than the initial value, which proves the unusual activation and thereby an excellent rate property of the electrode. Hence, we conclude that ZMO provides potential application prospects as an anode electrode material for LIBs.Background Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for 10%-15% of all stroke cases and is associated with a high risk of death and disability. Prior studies in ischemic stroke have demonstrated a less favorable outcome in women compared with men, but there is a paucity of data regarding differences in outcome by sex in ICH. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible sex differences in acute care and the 3-months follow-up of patients with ICH. Methods Data were collected from the Swedish National Stroke Registry (Riksstroke). Demographic and baseline characteristics were collected, based on in-hospital data and data from 3-months follow-up. Results Variables of interest were collected from 1,403 patients. Women (45.1%) were significantly older than men, with a mean age ± standard deviation of 77 ± 13years, versus 71 ± 14 years, p  less then  0.01. On admission, the ICH severity was similar in men and women. There was no significant association between sex and reception of neuroimaging or neurosurgery. Women were less likely to be treated in a stroke unit (80.8% vs. 85.3%, p = 0.03), or discharged to home (51.5% vs. 63.4%, p  less then  0.01). At 3-months follow-up, there were no sex-related differences regarding dependence, post-ICH self-reported depression, or case fatality. Conclusions Women were less likely to be treated in a stroke unit, and were less often discharged to home. However, no significant differences in 3-month functional outcome or survival between men and women with ICH were found in this study.Recombinant human tissue plasminogen activator (rh-tPA) is an important thrombolytic agent for treatment of acute ischemic stroke. It requires fibrin binding for plasminogen activation. In contrast, Microlyse, a novel thrombolytic agent, requires von Willebrand factor (VWF) binding for plasminogen activation. We compared rh-tPA with Microlyse, administered 20 minutes after inducing thrombosis, in 2 randomized blinded acute ischemic stroke mouse models. Thrombosis was induced in the middle cerebral artery with different experimental triggers. Where thrombin infusion generates fibrin-rich thrombi, topical FeCl3 application generates platelet-rich thrombi. check details In the fibrin-rich model, both rh-tPA and Microlyse increased cortical reperfusion (determined by laser speckle imaging) 10 minutes after therapy administration (35.8 ± 17.1%; P = .001 39.3 ± 13.1%; P less then .0001; 15.6 ± 7.5%, respectively, vs vehicle). In addition, both thrombolytic agents reduced cerebral lesion volume (determined by magnetic resonance imaging) after 24 hours (18.9 ± 11.2 mm3; P = .033; 16.1 ± 13.9 mm3; P = .018; 26.6 ± 5.6 mm3, respectively, vs vehicle). In the platelet-rich model, neither rh-tPA nor Microlyse increased cortical reperfusion 10 minutes after therapy (7.6 ± 8.8%; P = .216; 16.3 ± 13.9%; P = .151; 10.1 ± 7.9%, respectively, vs vehicle). However, Microlyse, but not rh-tPA, decreased cerebral lesion volumes (13.9 ± 11.4 mm3; P less then .001; 23.6 ± 11.1 mm3; P = .188; 30.3 ± 10.9 mm3, respectively, vs vehicle). These findings support broad applicability of Microlyse in ischemic stroke, irrespective of the thrombus composition.Background Many parents and providers adopt a "wait and see" approach to obesity (OB) management. The goal of this study was to determine the likelihood that youth with overweight (OW) or OB would become normal weight over time. Methods Data from the nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study were used to examine the proportion of teens (aged 12-17 years) with OW/OB who tracked into a lower weight category over four waves of data collection (2013-2018). Analysis was restricted to those who completed all four waves of assessments (n = 10,086). Repeated-measures logistic regression models were used to describe the odds of having a BMI within the normal weight range at Waves 2-4, given an OW or obese weight status in the previous wave. Results At Wave 1, 65% of the sample was normal weight, 18% had OW, and 17% had OB. By Wave 4, 24% had OW and 20% had OB. The adjusted odds of reporting a normal weight relative to OW/OB decreased by 13% each year. In Wave 4, only 2% [standard error (SE) 0.4%] of boys and 2% (SE 0.3%) of girls transitioned from OB to normal weight. For youth with OB in Wave 1, the probability of being in the normal weight category in Wave 2 was 0.04 (95% confidence interval 0.035-0.052), and decreased thereafter. Conclusion Very few teens were able to return to normal weight once they developed OW/OB. Adopting a "wait and see" approach to OB management may be detrimental to a child's health.Background Psychological stress disorders are twice as prevalent in women with ischemic heart disease compared to men. The disproportionate psychological health experience of these women is not well understood. The objective of this study was to examine whether neighborhood social factors are associated with disparities in psychological health by gender. Materials and Methods We studied 286 patients with heart disease recruited from Emory-based hospitals in the Myocardial Infarction and Mental Stress 2 Study (n = 286). A global measure of psychological distress was calculated by taking an average of ranks across symptom scales for depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety, anger, and perceived stress. The social vulnerability index (SVI) was developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and was used to rank patients' census tracks on 14 social factors. Beta coefficients for mean ranks in psychological distress scores were estimated per 10-unit increase in SVI percentile ranking using multilevel regression models. Results The mean age of the sample was 51 years, 49% were women, and 66% African American. After adjusting for demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and antidepressant use, each 10-unit increase in SVI percentile ranking was associated with 4.65 (95% CI 0.61-8.69; p = 0.02) unit increase in mean scores for psychological distress among women only (SVI-by-gender-interaction = 0.01). These associations were driven by the SVI themes of lower socioeconomic status and poorer access to housing and transportation. Conclusion Neighborhood social vulnerability may be a psychosocial stressor that potentiates women's susceptibility to adverse psychological and cardiovascular health.For years, most of the advanced polycrystalline thermoelectric (TE) materials are fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) in the research field, mainly because of its high processing efficiency. However, issues like high energy consumption and an expensive apparatus have prevented the application of this strategy in industry. Herein, taking PbTe0.94Se0.06 (PTS) as a typical n-type mid-temperature material, we demonstrate that the cold sintering process (CSP) can serve as a green and cost-effective technology for preparing advanced TE materials. By selecting the solvothermal precursors as liquid sintering aids, the CSP-densified PTS shows a maximum figure of merit of 0.96 at 700 K, which is on par with, if not better than, the reported similar materials prepared by SPS. This remarkable performance is ascribed to the distinct densification procedure in the CSP (1) the ultralow temperature alleviates the precipitation of Pb, which preserves the high carrier concentration of PTS; (2) the transient liquid phase forms intimate grain boundaries comparable to the high-temperature sintered one, leading to a high carrier mobility; (3) the dissolution-precipitation process greatly restrains the coarsening of precipitates, which effectively suppresses the bipolar effect and lattice thermal conductivity due to enhanced scattering. We believe that these results can greatly encourage the application of CSP in the future development of TE materials.We analyze the structure of the cytoplasm by performing single-molecule displacement mapping on a diverse set of native cytoplasmic proteins in exponentially growing Escherichia coli. We evaluate the method for application in small compartments and find that confining effects of the cell membrane affect the diffusion maps. Our analysis reveals that protein diffusion at the poles is consistently slower than in the center of the cell, i.e., to an extent greater than the confining effect of the cell membrane. We also show that the diffusion coefficient scales with the mass of the used probes, taking into account the oligomeric state of the proteins, while parameters such as native protein abundance or the number of protein-protein interactions do not correlate with the mobility of the proteins. We argue that our data paint the prokaryotic cytoplasm as a compartment with subdomains in which the diffusion of macromolecules changes with the perceived viscosity.An estimated 3 billion people lack access to dermatological care globally. Artificial intelligence (AI) may aid in triaging skin diseases and identifying malignancies. However, most AI models have not been assessed on images of diverse skin tones or uncommon diseases. Thus, we created the Diverse Dermatology Images (DDI) dataset-the first publicly available, expertly curated, and pathologically confirmed image dataset with diverse skin tones. We show that state-of-the-art dermatology AI models exhibit substantial limitations on the DDI dataset, particularly on dark skin tones and uncommon diseases. We find that dermatologists, who often label AI datasets, also perform worse on images of dark skin tones and uncommon diseases. Fine-tuning AI models on the DDI images closes the performance gap between light and dark skin tones. These findings identify important weaknesses and biases in dermatology AI that should be addressed for reliable application to diverse patients and diseases.