Reddybradford4129
Results indicate an essential agreement (EA) of 97.7% for RPPT while the other tests did not reach 90% of EA [66.7% MicroScan, 63.2% Etest (bioMérieux, France) and 60.9% other MIC Test Strips (MTS, Liofilchem, Italy)]. The categorical agreement was 98.9% for RPPT, 87.4% for MTS, 85.1% for Etest and 64.4% for MicroScan.
The RPPT was able to accurately detect both colistin-susceptible and -resistant isolates within 4 h, offering a rapid alternative for a prompt decision about the inclusion of this antibiotic in a patient's treatment.
The RPPT was able to accurately detect both colistin-susceptible and -resistant isolates within 4 h, offering a rapid alternative for a prompt decision about the inclusion of this antibiotic in a patient's treatment.[This corrects the article DOI 10.1093/jacamr/dlab081.].
L.is a well-established medicinal herb used for millennia to treat parasites and fever-related ailments caused by various microbes. Although effective against many infectious agents, the plant is not a miracle cure and there are infections where it has proved ineffective or limited. It is important to report those failures.
Here artemisinin, artesunate and dried leaf slurries of
were used daily for 6 days
against
in mice 2 days post infection at 100 µg artemisinin/kg body weight. Parasitemia was measure before and 15 days days post treatment. Artemisinin and extracts of
also were tested
against six
sp. at artemisinin concentrations up to 180 µM and growth measured after cultures were fed drugs once at different stages of growth and also after repeated dosing.
, artesunate, and artemisinin were ineffective in reducing or eliminating parasitemia in
-infected mice treated at 100 µg artemisinin/kg body weight. Although the growth of exponential cultures of many of the tested
sp. was inhibited, the response was not sustained and both artemisinin and
were essentially ineffective at concentrations of artemisinin at up to 180 µM of artemisinin.
Together these results show that artemisinin, its derivatives, and
are ineffective against
and at least six species of
.
Together these results show that artemisinin, its derivatives, and A. annua are ineffective against B. microti and at least six species of Candida.
To assess if the phenotype or age at onset of Functional Movement Disorders (FMD) vary as a function of presence of a perfectionism or history of abuse. Detecting such a potential association might help guide future research into the pathophysiology of FMD.
Charts of all patients diagnosed with FMD by a movement disorder specialist using the commonly accepted clinical diagnostic criteria for FMD seen at a tertiary center over 8years were reviewed. Data collected were sex, age at the onset of the first FMD, phenotype of the first predominant FMD, history of perfectionism and history of childhood abuse (physical, sexual, emotional, or neglect). Statistical analyses were performed as appropriate.
68 patients with FMD were identified from which 12 were excluded for incomplete documentation. 56 patients were included in the analysis, 43 (76.8%) were women, with average age at onset 41.5y (range 13-74.4). The most frequent predominant initial FMD phenotypes were tremor (39%), dystonia (20.3%) and gait disorders (20.3%).Perfectionism was reported in 30 (53.6%) patients and history of abuse in 27 (48.2%).There was no significant correlation between each of the FMD phenotypes and perfectionism or history of childhood abuse. There was also no correlation between the age at symptoms onset and perfectionism or history of abuse.
We could not demonstrate a significant correlation between FMD phenotype or age at onset and perfectionist personality trait or history of abuse. Factors leading to the development of one specific FMD phenotype rather than another are still to be elucidated.
We could not demonstrate a significant correlation between FMD phenotype or age at onset and perfectionist personality trait or history of abuse. Factors leading to the development of one specific FMD phenotype rather than another are still to be elucidated.
To determine the impact of photophobia on persons with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (pwPSP) by determining the functional impact of light sensitivity using methods established in migraine research.
All 60 participants (pwPSP=15, persons with Parkinson Disease (pwPD)=15, Older adults=30) completed a series of questionnaires designed to assess the impact of photophobia on activities of daily living. Group comparisons were controlled for multiple comparisons using a false discovery rate of 0.05.
Most (14/15) pwPSP participants noted that bright light hurt their eyes, and this proportion was significantly greater than pwPD (6/15; p=0.03, corrected). PSP participants reported statistically significantly more severe light sensitivity on a subjective 0-100 scale (p=0.003, corrected), and noted reduced time spent in both indoor and outdoor activities. Some PSP participants (n=3) noted that they needed to wear sunglasses indoors, but most noted a reluctance to leave their house during the day due to photophobia. PwPSP indicated that they require more help from others to complete daily tasks that require them to be outside during daylight hours.
Overall, we note a significant debility due to photophobia in PSP, and this impacts outdoor more than indoor activities. The functional disability in PSP caused by photophobia appears to cause a substantive reduction in quality of life. Future studies could consider incorporating specific metrics to evaluate measurable differences with photophobia onset and worsening severity.
Overall, we note a significant debility due to photophobia in PSP, and this impacts outdoor more than indoor activities. The functional disability in PSP caused by photophobia appears to cause a substantive reduction in quality of life. Future studies could consider incorporating specific metrics to evaluate measurable differences with photophobia onset and worsening severity.
There is a diverse body of evidence investigating non-pharmacological treatment options for apathy in Parkinson's disease (PD). We aimed to better understand the context and mechanisms by which non-pharmacological interventions may improve apathy in persons with PD.
We conducted a realist review of the body of evidence investigating treatment options for apathy in PD. Study authors used findings from a preceding scoping review to identify initial program theory. We then update the scoping review, which was originally conducted in 2017. Two authors independently reviewed and extracted data from studies that discussed non-pharmacological treatment options for apathy in PD. Any data concerning context, mechanisms, and outcomes of interventions for apathy in PD were extracted, synthesized, and analyzed.
Our review included nine studies. We categorized studies into two categories, exercise and mindfulness. There were seven exercise interventions included. Exercise interventions evaluated group exercise companterventions work best for persons with PD and apathy who are not significantly cognitively impaired, have caregiver support, and may improve apathy by targeting the emotional, cognitive, and goal-directed domains that define apathy.
Frailty and Parkinson's disease (PD) are common conditions that increase with age. Independently, frailty and PD lead to increased morbidity and mortality for patients. Few studies report on frailty in patients with PD. We performed a systematic review and
-analysis of the prevalence, associations and outcomes of frailty in persons with PD.
We searched four electronic databases and grey literature from inception to May 19, 2020, for articles which reported the prevalence, associations and outcomes of frailty in persons with PD.
One-thousand and sixty-three citations were identified, of which 127 articles were reviewed. Thirty studies were included. Twenty-eight studies were observational and the settings varied including 25 community and 5 inpatient studies.The most common frailty screening measures were the frailty phenotype and clinical frailty scale. The prevalence of frailty in PD using the FP was 0.38 (0.24-0.55) with I
= 92.6% (p < 0.01). Frailty was associated with recurrent falls, cognitipatients with PD.
Parkinson's disease (PD) research is hampered by slow, inefficient recruitment and burdensome in-person assessments that may be challenging to conduct in a world affected by COVID-19. Fox Insight is an ongoing prospective clinical research study that enables individuals to participate in clinical research from their own homes by completing online questionnaires. To date, over 45,000 participants with and without PD have enrolled. We sought to validate self-reported PD diagnosis in the Fox Insight cohort, assess the validity of other self-reported health information, and evaluate the willingness of participants to participate in video-based research studies.
Individuals with and without self-reported PD enrolled in Fox Insight were invited to participate in this virtual research study. Participants completed online questionnaires and two virtual visits, during which we conducted standard cognitive and motor assessments. Fluorouracil A movement disorder expert determined the most likely diagnosis, which was compared to self-reported diagnosis.
A total of 203 participants from 40 U.S. states, 159 with remote clinician-determined PD and 44 without, completed the study (59% male, mean (SD) age 65.7 (9.8)). Level of agreement between self-reported PD diagnosis in Fox Insight and clinician-determined diagnosis was very good ((kappa=0.85, 95% CI 0.76-0.94). Overall, 97.9% of participants were satisfied with the study, 98.5% were willing to participate in a future observational study with virtual visits, and 76.1% were willing to participate in an interventional trial with virtual visits.
Among the Fox Insight cohort, self-reported diagnosis is accurate and interest in virtual research studies is high.
Among the Fox Insight cohort, self-reported diagnosis is accurate and interest in virtual research studies is high.
Epidemiologic and toxicology studies suggest that exposure to various solvents, especially chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents, might increase Parkinson disease (PD) risk.
In a population-based case-control study in Finland, we examined whether occupations with potential for solvent exposures were associated with PD. We identified newly diagnosed cases age 45-84 from a nationwide medication reimbursement register in 1995-2014. From the population register, we randomly selected non-PD controls matched on sex, along with birth and diagnosis years (age). We included 11,757 cases and 23,236 controls with an occupation in the 1990 census, corresponding to age 40-60. We focused on 28 occupations with≥5% probability of solvent exposure according to the Finnish Job Exposure Matrix. We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by logistic regression modeling, adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and smoking probability.
Similar proportions of cases (5.5%) and controls (5.6%) had an occupation with potential exposure to any solvents. However, all occupations with a point estimate above one, and all significantly or marginally significantly associated with PD (electronic/telecommunications worker [OR=1.63, 95% CI 1.05-2.50], laboratory assistant [OR=1.40, 95% CI 0.98-1.99], and machine/engine mechanic [OR=1.23, 95% CI 0.99-1.52]) entailed potential for exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents, specifically. Secondary analyses indicated exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and some metals might contribute to the association for mechanics.
PD risk might be slightly increased in occupations with potential exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents. Confirmation is required in additional studies that adjust for other occupational exposures and smoking.
PD risk might be slightly increased in occupations with potential exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents. Confirmation is required in additional studies that adjust for other occupational exposures and smoking.
