Clementsdixon2749

The subfamily Melolonthinae (Coleoptera Scarabaeidae) is defined and characterized, and a brief summary of the world melolonthine tribes and their distributions are provided. Nearctic genera previously considered incertae sedis (Acoma Casey, 1889, Chaunocolus Saylor, 1937 and Chnaunanthus Burmeister, 1844, Phobetus LeConte, 1856, and Warwickia Smith Evans, 2005) are each placed in the proposed new tribes Acomini, Chnaunanthini, Phobetusini, and Warwickiini, respectively. Tribal assignments for all Nearctic melolonthine genera are presented. Acoma chihuahuaensis, A. eusexfoliata, A. nonglabrata, and A. pararobusta are all new species described from Mexico. The only known example of a female Acoma, represented by a specimen of A. knulli Howden, 1958, is figured and characterized. The generic composition of the Nearctic Melolonthini and Rhizotrogini is examined. Madiniella Chalumeau Gruner, 1976, previously placed in Tanyproctini, is transferred to Rhizotrogini. The subfamilies Oncerinae and Podolasiinae are each removed as tribes from the Melolonthinae and elevated to the subfamily level within Scarabaeidae. The subtribe Triodonina is placed in synonymy with the tribe Rhizotrogini. An updated generic checklist and tribal key of the Nearctic Melolonthinae are provided.The paper reports 2 new species of the genus Xizicus Gorochov, 1993 from Gaoligongshan, Yunnan, China, i.e. Xizicus (Axizicus) furcus Cui, Liu Shi sp. nov. and Xizicus (Eoxizicus) gaoligongshanensis Cui, Liu Shi sp. nov., and supplies characteristic photographs of external morphology. Besides, morphological illustrations of Xizicus (Eoxizicus) kulingensis (Tinkham, 1943) are provided. The type specimens are deposited in the Museum of Hebei University, Baoding, P. R. China.Species traditionally considered to belong to Eunice are now, also, distributed in two other genera Leodice and Nicidion recently resurrected to reconcile Eunicidae taxonomy with its phylogenetic hypothesis. In Australia, Eunice species have been reported from all seas and sum up to 22 species. In this study, we propose 10 new combinations for traditional Eunice species, which should be moved to Leodice; describe seven new species, four of Eunice and three of Leodice; and comment on species previous recorded from the Australian Coast. find more Previous records of E. denticulata, E. filamentosa, E. grubei, E. indica, E. longicirris, E. microprion, E. paupera, E. tridentata, E. tubifex and E. vittata from Australia are considered dubious. Eunice tribranchiata, originally described from Australian specimens, is considered here to be an indeterminable species. This study also includes descriptions of Eunice, Leodice and Nicidion as well as key to these genera and their species recorded from Australia.The coniopterygid fauna of the Neotropical region is poorly known. The most recent summary was provided by Martins (2019) who noted that 14 species were known from Peru. The subgenus Coniopteryx (Scotoconiopteryx) is endemic to the Neotropical region and comprises 36 species (Meinander 1972; Meinander Penny 1982; Sziráki 2011; Martins Amorim 2016, Sarmiento-Cordero Contreras-Ramos 2019).The new species from Mindanao (the Philippines) Thopeutica (s.str.) wiesneri sp. nov. is described. The new species is compared with T. (s.str.) angulihumerosa (W. Horn, 1929). The study of type material allowed to establish the new synonymy T. (s.str.) juergenwiesneri Schüle, 2017 syn. nov. = T. (s.str.) angulihumerosa (W. Horn, 1929). Illustrations of the habitus and diagnostic characters are provided.Aphelonotus schuhi sp. nov. (Hemiptera Heteroptera Pachynomidae Aphelonotinae) is described from Puerto Rico based on a single male collected by flight interception trap. The new species is morphologically similar to A. taino Schuh, Weirauch Grillo, 2015 and A. xenos Schuh, Weirauch Grillo, 2015, being distinguished from them by the combination of the presence of a stout subapical spine on the protibia and the characteristic shape of the parameres. An informal A. xenos species-group is proposed to accommodate these three species.Material collected by the Norwegian Scientific Expedition to Tristan Da Cunha in the South Atlantic Ocean in the years 1937-1938 and later attributed by Stephensen, 1949 to Orchestia scutigerula Dana, 1852 has been re-examined and is described as a new genus and species, Gondwanorchestia tristanensis sp. nov. Orchestia scutigerula Dana, 1852 is transferred to Gondwanorchestia gen nov. and compared with G. tristanensis sp. nov.Larva and pupa of Phylloicus obliquus Navás are associated, described, illustrated and compared with other Neotropical species of the same genus. The P. obliquus larva differs from the others due to the pattern of distribution of muscle scars on the head, mandibles with two teeth, and a dense row of long yellow setae on the inner margin. The pupa differs from other Phylloicus pupae by the sequence and shape of tergal abdominal hook plates. The case of P. obliquus larvae is composed of rectangular fragments of vegetal material with uniform shape and always arranged in overlapping layers. Larvae were found in a small second order Atlantic Forest stream.This publication revises the taxonomy of the leaf beetle genus Exomis Weise, 1889 (Coleoptera Chrysomelidae Clytrini) which is endemic to China. Six new species are described E. deqinensis sp. nov., E. huangi sp. nov., E. pubescens sp. nov., E. pubipennis sp. nov., E. tanae sp. nov. and E. viridis sp. nov., in addition to two known species, namely E. degenevei Pic, 1932 and E. peplopteroides Weise, 1889. Exomis oblongum (Lopatin Konstantinov, 2009) from China (Yunnan) is transferred to this genus as new combination. The total Chinese fauna of Exomis is thus increased to nine species. A key to these species is provided and, for each of them, also a color photo of habitus and line drawings of the aedeagus, spermatheca and kotpresse, in order to ease identification in the future.Neocompsa bravo sp. nov. (Neoibidionini, Compsina) is described from the United States of America (southern Texas). Tetranodus reticeps (Bates, 1880) (Tillomorphini, Tillomorphina) is redescribed and recorded from Honduras. A key to species of Tetranodus is provided and notes on the number of specimens in the original description of Tetranodus reticeps (Bates, 1880) are provided. A new species of Pentanodes (Tillomorphini, Tillomorphina) from Nicaragua is described and the following new combinations are proposed for species formerly in Tetranodus Pentanodes xanthocollis (Chemsak, 1977), and P. tropipennis (Chemsak, 1977).The whitefly genus Minutaleyrodes Jesudasan and David is revised based upon the examination of type specimens, and Minutaleyrodes andamanensis sp. nov. on Aporosa octandra (Phyllanthaceae), and Minutaleyrodes whisper sp. nov. on Psychotria andamanica (Rubiaceae) are described from the Little Andaman Island, India. The following taxonomic changes are proposed Minutaleyrodes tricolorata Pushpa and Sundararaj syn. nov. is synonymized with Dialeurodes turpiniae (Meganathan and David), and Minutaleyrodes cherasensis (Corbett) syn. nov. with Minutaleyrodes minuta (Singh); Aleuroclava kolliensis (David) comb. nov. for Aleurotuberculatus kolliensis David, and Aleuroclava pearlis (Pushpa and Sundararaj) comb. nov. for Minutaleyrodes pearlis Pushpa and Sundararaj. A revised key to puparia of Minutaleyrodes and new host plant records are included. Habitus of the holotype of the new species illustrations, line drawings, microphotographs and scanning electron microscope images of the new and known species are provided.The bee fly genus Hemipenthes Loew in the New World reflects a heterogeneous assemblage of species. Study of species attributed to Painter Painter's 1962 Villa "celer" group (the species were later transferred to Hemipenthes) from the southern United States, and Central and South America shows a suite of characters that separate it from Hemipenthes s. str. and it is here described as the new genus Ins Evenhuis, n. gen. with its type species Anthrax ignea Macquart. Eight described species are here transferred to Ins Ins celeris (Wiedemann, 1828), n. comb., Ins constituta (Walker, 1852), n. comb.; Ins curta (Loew, 1869), n. comb., Ins ignea (Macquart, 1846), n. comb.; Ins leucocephala (Wulp, 1886), n. comb., Ins martinorum (Painter, 1962), n. comb., Ins minas (Macquart, 1848), n. comb., and Ins pleuralis (Williston, 1901), n. comb. Two new species, Ins pectorcolumbo Evenhuis, n. sp. from El Salvador and Ins zanouts Evenhuis, n. sp. from Panama and Costa Rica are described and illustrated. The holotype of Anthrax divisa Walker, 1852, has been examined and found to be conspecific with Ins minas (Macquart, 1848), n. syn., and Anthrax galathea Osten Sacken, 1886 is found to be synonymous with Ins constituta (Walker, 1852), n. syn. Two other South American species currently in Hemipenthes, H. melaleuca (Wiedemann), and H. ruficollis (Bigot) are here transferred to Chrysanthrax, n. combs. A key to species in the genus is given.Although the French Polynesian reefs are among the most well studied reefs of the world, sponges are still poorly known, with only 199 species or OTUs of sponges having been described from French Polynesia, 167 at an OTU level and 32 at a species level. From those 199 species, just five are calcareous sponges. As it is possible that this number is underestimated, the aim of the present work was to study the diversity of calcareous sponges from French Polynesia. Hence, different French Polynesian archipelagos were surveyed by SCUBA from 3 to 60 m of depth. Identifications were performed using morphological and molecular (ITS and C-LSU) tools. We found a total of nine species of Calcarea, comprising five different genera. Five species are new to science Clathrina fakaravae sp. nov., Clathrina huahineae sp. nov., Ernstia variabilis sp. nov., Leucascus digitiformis sp. nov., and Leucandra tahuatae sp. nov. With the present work, the number of identified sponges from French Polynesia at a species level increased from 32 to 41. The only calcareous sponge previously known from French Polynesia that was recollected by our group was Leucetta chagosensis. Our results suggest that the Eastern Indo-Pacific Realm shows more affinity with the Central and the Western Indo-Pacific Realms. Four species supported these affinities Ascandra cf. crewsi, previously known only from Papua New Guinea, Leucascus simplex from South Australia, and Leucetta chagosensis and L. microraphis, both widespread species in the Indo-Pacific. These two Leucetta species, however, most likely represent species complexes. Once again the molecular markers ITS and C-LSU helped in the identification of calcareous sponges, showing how important is an integrative taxonomy. Although our work has increased in 250% (6 spp to 15 spp) the diversity of calcareous sponges in French Polynesia, it is most possible that this number is still underestimated.We describe a new species of Dryocalamus based on two specimens collected from the wet zone rainforests of southwestern Sri Lanka. Dryocalamus chithrasekarai sp. nov., is distinguished from congeners by its colour pattern (anterior body with solid white bands and a checkered appearance on the posterior lateral body, with consecutive bands coalescing along the ventrolateral margin; posterior margin of the nuchal band flat); the absence of a preocular scale; loreal in contact with supraocular; dorsal scales smooth and in 15 straight rows; cloacal shield divided. In addition, we find that previous records of Dryocalamus gracilis are probably spurious.