Dammguy7648
To assess the impact of the university context of different academic fields and class times and the sociodemographic context on the symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD).
A total of 2912 university students, divided into 26 undergraduate courses distributed in the fields of biology and exact and human sciences in the day and night participated in this study. The symptoms of orofacial pain and TMD were assessed using a self-explanatory questionnaire for screening, as recommended by the American Academy of Orofacial Pain. The data were analyzed using frequency distribution tables and multiple logistic regression at a 5% significance level.
There was a significant association between the female sex and the attended class time. Women and undergraduates of night courses were 1.60 times more likely to present symptoms related to TMD compared to women studying during the day.
It was concluded that, within the university context, women and undergraduate students enrolled in night courses were more likely to present with TMD symptoms.
It was concluded that, within the university context, women and undergraduate students enrolled in night courses were more likely to present with TMD symptoms.Although there is increasing evidence of a link between adverse family experiences (AFEs) and long-term health outcomes, few studies have investigated the role of educational attainment in the relationship between AFEs and adult health. The data of this study comes from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Here, 15,359 samples were analyzed. Ordered logistic regression with interaction terms was used to explore the moderating effect of education on the relationship between AFEs in childhood and adult self-rated health. The self-rated health scores of people with childhood AFEs were significantly lower than of those without them, particularly in the categories of "parents divorced," "parent died," "physical abuse," "domestic conflict," "parental bias," "physical and emotional neglect," "parental physical illness," 'parental mental illness," "family economic hardship," "experience of starvation," "lived in an insecure neighborhood," and "lived in an unhygienic community." Increases in education level reduced the adverse effects of parental bias and neglect in childhood, but this did not eliminate the negative effect of community's environment on adult health. This study highlighted the role of the level of education in eliminating health disparities, which can reduce the adverse effects of AFEs on health in adulthood.Pandemics threaten world stability; however, spread is mitigated with prevention behaviors. We introduce "personally relevant knowledge" to explain the knowledge-behavior gap (i.e., objective and subjective knowledge on information acquisition and behavioral change). Hypotheses are derived from prior knowledge literature, economic psychology, and relevance theory. Multimethod analysis (survey data, partial least squares structural equation path modeling [PLS-SEM], and an asymmetric information theoretic statistical analysis) is applied to H1N1 data from the USA and Australia. Personally relevant knowledge is an important addition to prior knowledge conceptualizations, and information theory uncovers asymmetric variable relationships concerning the knowledge-behavior gap, not captured by PLS-SEM.Pesticides are a commonly used agent for suicide in many Low- and Middle-Income countries (LMICs). BI-3231 However, accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to organophosphate (OP) pesticide may also increase the risk of suicide. We conducted a hospital-based case-control study to investigate whether prior household, garden or occupational OP exposure were associated with attempted suicide using conditional logistic regression modeling. Participants who attempted suicide with any means and were admitted to two Western Cape Province hospitals in South Africa were compared to a sample of controls matched by age, sex and time of admission with unrelated conditions, between August 2015 and August 2017. The means of attempted suicide was not recorded. OP exposure was determined by dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites detected in hair and by environmental and occupational history. Approximately 85% of participants reported using pesticides in the home or garden and 15% of participants reported current or past occupational exposure while working on a farm. Attempted suicide was not associated with reported home or garden OP use (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.59, 95%CI 0.33-1.04), hair DAP metabolites (OR = 1.00, 95%CI 0.98-1.02) or current or past agricultural work (OR = 1.08, 95%CI 0.62-1.87), but was associated with hazardous drinking and unemployment with no household income. We found no evidence that attempted suicide was associated with environmental or occupational pesticide use in an urban South African population attending an emergency center.Older adults comprise the fastest-growing population in the United States. By exercising their right to vote, guiding the value systems of future generations, and holding political office, they shape the moral context of society. It is therefore imperative that we understand older adults' capacity for moral decision-making. Although the vast majority of research on moral decision-making has either focused specifically on younger adults or has not considered age, recent work points to age-related differences in sacrificial moral decision-making, with cognitively healthy older adults making more deontological decisions relative to younger adults. Although only a small number of studies have to date examined age-related differences, there is a wealth of relevant literature on cognitive aging, as well as on sacrificial moral decision-making in younger adults, that point to possible mechanistic explanations for the observed age-related differences. The goal of this review is to situate these age-related differences in sacrificial moral decision-making in the context of these existing literatures in order to guide future, theory-informed, research in this area. We specifically highlight age-related decline in cognitive abilities purported to support utilitarian moral decision-making in younger adults, along with age-related changes to socioemotional information processing as potential mechanistic explanations for these age-related differences. The last section of this review discusses how age-related neural changes may contribute to both cognitive decline and motivational shifts, highlighting the importance for future research to understand brain-behavior relationships on the topic of sacrificial moral decision-making and aging.While long-distance caregiving has received increased attention as a unique care experience, prior research has not explored the supportive services used by long-distance caregivers (LDCs) and the factors that predict their supportive service utilization. Using the Andersen Model of Health Care Utilization, the current study sought to 1) describe the types of supportive services LDCs used and the frequency of usage and 2) identify predisposing, enabling, and need-related factors associated with supportive service use in a sample of LDCs. Participants were recruited from aging services organizations, a national participant registry, professional networks, participant referrals, and an existing pool of research participants. The sample included 304 LDCs who reported on the use of nine supportive services and completed measures assessing depression, caregiver burden, self-rated health, sociodemographic characteristics, and the condition of the care recipient (CR). Fifty percent of LDCs reported no service use. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated that younger age, higher caregiver burden, greater depressive symptoms, more time spent helping the CR, and worse CR functional status were significantly related to greater total supportive service use by LDCs. The current study contributes to our understanding of the factors associated with LDCs' supportive service utilization, highlighting the importance of need-related factors.
To determine the
activities of novel and comparator antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) in Taiwan.
Isolates of
(n=335),
(n=316; 144 isolates with hyperviscosity characteristics),
(n=271),
complex (n=187), and non-typhoidal
species (n=226),
species (n=13) from miscellaneous culture sources were collected in 2020 in Taiwan. The MICs of the isolates to test antibiotics were determined using the broth microdilution method. GeneXpert was used to detect genes encoding carbapenemases among the carbapenem-non-susceptible (NS)
isolates.
The MIC values of the cefepime-enmetazobactam combination against extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing
and
isolates (MIC
≤0.5 mg/L),
-harboring
isolates (0.25 mg/L; n =2), and 80% of
-like gene-harboring
isolates (≤2 mg/L) were low. The MIC ranges of the cefepime-zidebactam against carbapenemase-producing
isolates (irrespective of the carbapenemase type [MIC
≤4 mg/L]) and carbapenem-NS or ceftolozane-tazobactam-NS
isolates (MIC
value, 8 mg/L) were significantly lower than those of the cefepime-enmetazobactam.
The efficacy of novel antibiotics against important drug-resistant GNB must be monitored and validated during the clinical treatment of patients.
The efficacy of novel antibiotics against important drug-resistant GNB must be monitored and validated during the clinical treatment of patients.New legislation was introduced in Sweden in 2016, giving single women access to medically assisted reproduction (MAR). While Swedish single women's characteristics and motivations for choosing motherhood through MAR were assessed in our previous pilot survey, their experience of considering and making the decision to undergo MAR has not been assessed through a qualitative approach. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore Swedish single women´s experience of making the decision to choose motherhood through MAR. The study design was a qualitative method with a semi-structured interview guide used for individual face-to-face interviews. Sixteen single women accepted for MAR were interviewed individually during their waiting time to start treatment. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the data. The data analyses resulted in three main categories (i) longing and belonging; (ii) social exclusion and support; and (iii) evaluation and encounter. The overarching theme reflects the decision to become a single mother by choice motherhood through MAR - an emotional and ambivalent decision to make on your own. In conclusion, to reach motherhood, by giving birth to one's child and not deviating from the norm as childless, was considered important among these women when making the decision to become a single mother by choice.
Readmissions occurring within a few days of discharge are more likely due to a problem from the patient's original admission and may be preventable by interventions in the hospital setting. As part of a quality improvement project intended to reduce readmissions within 72hours of discharge our objective was to explore patient and physician perspectives of reasons for readmissions and to identify potential indicators of readmission during the index admission.
A retrospective chart review of all readmissions within 72hours between 2/1/2019 and 6/7/2019 in our healthcare system comprised of an academic medical center and 2 smaller community hospitals. As part of a hospital protocol, patients readmitted within 30days were interviewed by a social worker regarding reasons for readmission and their perspective on what might have prevented it. These answers, physician notes relevant to the reason for readmission and the clinical course of the index admission were abstracted from patient charts. For the subset of patients identified by themselves or their physicians as potentially benefitting from a longer hospitalization, their index admission was reviewed for indicators of readmission.
