Tangejimenez2341
To test the acculturation gap hypothesis by examining mother-youth value discrepancies (both acculturative and enculturative) and their association with mother-youth acculturative conflict and youth mental health outcomes.
Participants were 273 Mexican descent college students attending a large, public, Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) in West Texas (72% women). The participants' ages ranged 18-25 years (M = 19.33 years; SD = 1.54 years).
Three models assessed the relationship between mother-youth value discrepancies and mental health outcomes (suicidal ideation, non-suicidal self-injury, and depressive symptoms) as mediated by mother-youth acculturative conflict. Consistently, Mexican heritage cultural values were related to mental health outcomes while American cultural values were not.
The study found that increased mother-youth discrepancies on Mexican cultural values were associated with increased negative mental health outcomes. Our findings suggest that adopting or learning new mainstream American values does not substitute for the Mexican cultural values that protect against negative outcomes.
The study found that increased mother-youth discrepancies on Mexican cultural values were associated with increased negative mental health outcomes. Our findings suggest that adopting or learning new mainstream American values does not substitute for the Mexican cultural values that protect against negative outcomes.There is an increasing appreciation for the role of metabolism in cell signaling and cell decision making. Precise metabolic control is essential in development, as evident by the disorders caused by mutations in metabolic enzymes. The metabolic profile of cells is often cell-type specific, changing as cells differentiate or during tumorigenesis. Recent evidence has shown that changes in metabolism are not merely a consequence of changes in cell state but that metabolites can serve to promote and/or inhibit these changes. Metabolites can link metabolic pathways with cell signaling pathways via several mechanisms, for example, by serving as substrates for protein post-translational modifications, by affecting enzyme activity via allosteric mechanisms, or by altering epigenetic markers. Unraveling the complex interactions governing metabolism, gene expression, and protein activity that ultimately govern a cell's fate will require new tools and interactions across disciplines. On March 24 and 25, 2021, experts in cell metabolism, developmental biology, and human disease met virtually for the Keystone eSymposium, "Metabolic Decisions in Development and Disease." The discussions explored how metabolites impact cellular and developmental decisions in a diverse range of model systems used to investigate normal development, developmental disorders, dietary effects, and cancer-mediated changes in metabolism.
Autism spectrum disorder is a diagnosis that is increasingly applied; however, previous studies have conflicting findings whether rates of diagnosis rates continue to grow in the UK. This study tested whether the proportion of people receiving a new autism diagnosis has been increasing over a twenty-year period, both overall and by subgroups.
Population-based study utilizing the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) primary care database, which contains patients registered with practices contributing data to the CPRD between 1998 and 2018 (N=6,786,212 in 1998 to N=9,594,598 in 2018). 65,665 patients had a diagnosis of autism recorded in 2018. Time trend of new (incident) cases of autism diagnosis was plotted for all, and stratified by gender, diagnostic subtypes, and developmental stage infancy and preschool, 0-5years old; childhood, 6-11years old; adolescence, 12-19years old; adults, over 19years old.
There was a 787%, exponential increase in recorded incidence of autism diagnoses between 1998 and 2018; R
=0.98, exponentiated coefficient=1.07, 95% CI [1.06, 1.08], p<.001. The increase in diagnoses was greater for females than males (exponentiated interaction coefficient=1.02, 95% CI [1.01, 1.03], p<.001) and moderated by age band, with the greatest rises in diagnostic incidence among adults (exponentiated interaction coefficient=1.06, 95% CI [1.04, 1.07], p<.001).
Increases could be due to growth in prevalence or, more likely, increased reporting and application of diagnosis. Rising diagnosis among adults, females and higher functioning individuals suggest augmented recognition underpins these changes.
Increases could be due to growth in prevalence or, more likely, increased reporting and application of diagnosis. Rising diagnosis among adults, females and higher functioning individuals suggest augmented recognition underpins these changes.
Cesarean section affects subsequent spontaneous pregnancies because of implantation issues. However, its impact on post-embryo transfer pregnancies is still debated. This review aimed to evaluate the impact of a previous cesarean section on fertility and pregnancy outcomes of women undergoing fresh or frozen embryo transfer.
MEDLINE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, Scielo, EMBASE, Cochrane Library at the CENTRAL, and LILACS were searched from inception to February 2021. Studies were included if they evaluated reproductive or pregnancy outcomes after fresh or frozen embryo transfer in infertile women with a previous cesarean section relative to women with a previous vaginal delivery. Random-effect meta-analyses to calculate risk ratio (RR) or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals (CI) followed by subgroup analysis for fresh and frozen embryo transfer were performed. Risk of bias and quality assessment were conducted using Newcastle-Ottawa scale and GRADE criteria. The review was registered in the Interean delivery result in reduced biochemical pregnancy and live birth rates relative to women with a previous vaginal delivery. An increased risk for preterm birth is notable in post-fresh embryo transfer pregnancies.
Low-grade evidence shows that post-embryo transfer pregnancies in infertile women who had a previous cesarean delivery result in reduced biochemical pregnancy and live birth rates relative to women with a previous vaginal delivery. An increased risk for preterm birth is notable in post-fresh embryo transfer pregnancies.
Investigation of the comorbidity burden in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) has become increasingly important. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships of cardiovascular disease (CVD) comorbidities and type 2 diabetes with the disability progression.
The retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Clinic of Neurology, Belgrade. see more The Belgrade MS population Registry, which comprises 2725 active MS cases, was used as the source of data. The mean duration of the disease was 21.6 ± 12.5years. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was followed in all PwMS in the Registry. In the statistical analysis, the Cox proportional hazard regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier curve were performed.
Hypertension statistically significantly contributed to more rapid reaching investigated levels of irreversible disability (EDSS 4.0, 6.0, and 7.0), while the presence of any of the investigated CVD comorbidities and type 2 diabetes significantly contributed to faster reaching EDSS 4.0 and EDSS 6.0. In a multivariable model, progression index (PI) was singled out (HR=3.171, p<.001), indicating that higher progression index (PI) was an independent predictor of CVD occurrence in MS patients. In the case of type 2 diabetes, PI (p<.001) and MS phenotype (p=.015) were statistically significant in multivariable Cox regression analysis.
Our study confirms the impact of CVD comorbidities and type 2 diabetes in MS on the progression of disability as measured by EDSS in the large cohort of PwMS from the population Registry.
Our study confirms the impact of CVD comorbidities and type 2 diabetes in MS on the progression of disability as measured by EDSS in the large cohort of PwMS from the population Registry.
In the United States (US), the incidence and severity of COVID-19 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths are higher in Black compared to White residents. Systemic inequities and differences in health behaviors may contribute to disparities in COVID-19 health outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of COVID-19 stay-at-home orders on changes in health behaviors and anxiety in Black and White adults residing in the US.
Beginning April 2020, the Pennington Biomedical Research Center COVID-19 Health Behaviors Study collected information on changes to employment, income, diet, physical activity, anxiety, and sleep patterns through a global online survey.
Of 4542 survey respondents in the US, 7% identified as Black and 93% as White. Prior to the COVID-19 stay-at-home orders, a greater proportion of Blacks compared to Whites reported earning < US$50,000 per year (p < 0.0001). A greater proportion of Blacks reported being laid off, working fewer hours, and working from home following COites, which may influence health behaviors and anxiety.Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an extremely painful autoimmune disease characterized by chronic joint inflammation leading to the erosion of adjacent cartilage and bone. Rheumatoid arthritis pathology is primarily driven by inappropriate infiltration and activation of immune cells within the synovium of the joint. There is no cure for RA. As such, manifestation of symptoms entails lifelong management via various therapies that aim to generally dampen the immune system or impede the function of immune mediators. However, these treatment strategies lead to adverse effects such as toxicity, general immunosuppression, and increased risk of infection. In pursuit of safer and more efficacious therapies, many emerging biomaterial-based strategies are being developed to improve payload delivery, specific targeting, and dose efficacy, and to mitigate adverse reactions and toxicity. In this review, we highlight biomaterial-based approaches that are currently under investigation to circumvent the limitations of conventional RA treatments.Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, is a serious neurodegenerative disease that has no cure yet, but whose symptoms can be alleviated with available medications. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis of the disease and elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in the progression of pathogenesis are critically important. This study aimed to identify dysregulated miRNAs and their target mRNAs through the integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression profiling in AD patients versus unaffected controls. Expression profiles in postmortem brain samples from AD patients and healthy individuals were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus database and were analyzed using bioinformatics approaches to identify gene ontologies, pathways, and networks. Finally, the module analysis of the PPI network and hub gene selection was carried out. A total of five differentially expressed miRNAs were extracted from the miRNA dataset, and 4312 differentially expressed mRNAs were obtained from the mRNA dataset. By comparing the DEGs and the putative targets of the altered miRNAs, 116 (3 upregulated and 113 downregulated) coordinated genes were determined. Also, six hub genes (SNAP25, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, DLG2, ATP2B2, and SCN2A) were identified by constructing a PPI network. The results of the present study provide insight into mechanisms such as synaptic machinery and neuronal communication underlying AD pathogenesis, specifically concerning miRNAs.
