Hollandmcdowell4602
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is extremely rare after shoulder arthroscopy. However, early identification of the situation deserves attention due to its potential risk of causing death. By now, it is still difficult to detect the PE without symptoms and clear sources during the perioperative period.
We report here two cases of asymptomatic PE, both happening within 24 h after shoulder arthroscopy, without any detected deep venous thrombosis of extremities. It is suspected the cases were due to the abnormal decrease in partial pressures of oxygen and arterial oxygen saturation, and were confirmed by computed tomography pulmonary angiography. We also discuss the reason why the patients showed no related symptoms when PE occurred and perform a review of PE following shoulder arthroscopy.
This report highlights that PE could occur in the early phase after shoulder arthroscopy. An unexplained decrease in partial pressure of oxygen or arterial oxygen saturation should be considered seriously. VS4718 The symptoms of PE might be masked due to patients' tolerance to hypoxia.
This report highlights that PE could occur in the early phase after shoulder arthroscopy. An unexplained decrease in partial pressure of oxygen or arterial oxygen saturation should be considered seriously. The symptoms of PE might be masked due to patients' tolerance to hypoxia.T and B cells continually recirculate between blood and secondary lymphoid organs. To promote their trans-endothelial migration (TEM), chemokine receptors control the activity of RHO family small GTPases in part via GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs). T and B cells express several RHO-GAPs, the function of most of which remains unknown. The ARHGAP45 GAP is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells. To define its in vivo function, we describe two mouse models where ARHGAP45 is ablated systemically or selectively in T cells. We combine their analysis with affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry to determine the ARHGAP45 interactome in T cells and with time-lapse and reflection interference contrast microscopy to assess the role of ARGHAP45 in T-cell polarization and motility. We demonstrate that ARHGAP45 regulates naïve T-cell deformability and motility. Under physiological conditions, ARHGAP45 controls the entry of naïve T and B cells into lymph nodes whereas under competitive repopulation it further regulates hematopoietic progenitor cell engraftment in the bone marrow, and T-cell progenitor thymus seeding. Therefore, the ARGHAP45 GAP controls multiple key steps in the life of T and B cells.
To evaluate the usefulness of a 3D-printed model for transoral atlantoaxial reduction plate (TARP) surgery in the treatment of irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation (IAAD).
A retrospective review was conducted of 23 patients (13 men, 10 women; mean age 58.17 ± 5.27 years) with IAAD who underwent TARP from January 2015 to July 2017. Patients were divided into a 3D group (12 patients) and a non-3D group (11 patients). A preoperative simulation process was undertaken for the patients in the 3D group, with preselection of the TARP system using a 3D-printed 11 scale model, while only imaging data was used for the non-3D group. Complications, clinical outcomes (Japanese Orthopaedic Association [JOA] and visual analogue score [VAS]), and image measurements (atlas-dens interval [ADI], cervicomedullary angle [CMA], and clivus-canal angle [CCA]) were noted preoperatively and at the last follow up.
A total of 23 patients with a follow-up time of 16.26 ± 4.27 months were included in the present study. The surgery dun the placement of screws, with no neurological symptoms related to the misplacement.
Preoperative surgical simulation using a 3D-printed real-size model is an intuitive and effective aid for TARP surgery for treating IAAD. The 3D-printed biomodel precisely replicated patient-specific anatomy for use in complicated craniovertebral junction surgery. The information was more useful than that available with 3D reconstructed images.
Preoperative surgical simulation using a 3D-printed real-size model is an intuitive and effective aid for TARP surgery for treating IAAD. The 3D-printed biomodel precisely replicated patient-specific anatomy for use in complicated craniovertebral junction surgery. The information was more useful than that available with 3D reconstructed images.The development and application of quantitative systems pharmacology models in neuroscience have been modest relative to other fields, such as oncology and immunology, which may reflect the complexity of the brain. Technological and methodological advancements have enhanced the quantitative understanding of brain physiology and pathophysiology and the effects of pharmacological interventions. To maximize the knowledge gained from these novel data types, pharmacometrics modelers may need to expand their toolbox to include additional mathematical and statistical frameworks. A session was held at the 10th annual American Conference on Pharmacometrics (ACoP10) to highlight several recent advancements in quantitative and systems neuroscience. In this mini-review, we provide a brief overview of technological and methodological advancements in the neuroscience therapeutic area that were discussed during the session and how these can be leveraged with quantitative systems pharmacology modeling to enhance our understanding of neurological diseases. Microphysiological systems using human induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSCs), digital biomarkers, and large-scale imaging offer more clinically relevant experimental datasets, enhanced granularity, and a plethora of data to potentially improve the preclinical-to-clinical translation of therapeutics. Network neuroscience methodologies combined with quantitative systems models of neurodegenerative disease could help bridge the gap between cellular and molecular alterations and clinical end points through the integration of information on neural connectomics. Additional topics, such as the neuroimmune system, microbiome, single-cell transcriptomic technologies, and digital device biomarkers, are discussed in brief.
