Welchharris9837

OBJECTIVE The study focused to systematically extract, summarize and analyse the data on the effect of lifestyle modification on leptin resistance and quality of life in metabolic syndrome. METHODS The systematic search was done using PubMed, Cochrane Database, EMBASE, Science Direct, CINAHL, Springer link, Web of Science from 2000-2018. English language articles, quantitative studies focusing on leptin resistance and quality of life were included. Random effect analysis was adopted to pool data and estimate 95% CI. The meta-analysis was done separately for leptin resistance and quality of life which included a total of 9 studies both RCTs and Non-RCTs. RESULTS The meta-analysis of RCTs reported insignificant effect of lifestyle modification on leptin resistance in metabolic syndrome when compared to comparison group [-5.94[-14.28, 2.41]. Two clinical trials showed a significant effect with pooled data [5.52[2.14, 8.91]. Meta-analysis of RCTs focusing on quality of life showed significant effect on mental component [4.89 [0.16, 9.62] of quality of life [2.36 [-3.67, 8.39] when compared to comparison group. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggested that lifestyle modification has potential to improve leptin resistance and mental component of quality of life in metabolic syndrome. However, more clearly defined studies are needed to come to a firmer conclusion. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND There is a paucity of studies on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and sarcopenic obesity (SO). OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the potential association between SO and impaired HRQoL. METHODS The ORWELL 97 questionnaire was used to assess HRQoL and body composition was measured using a bioimpedance analyser (Tanita BC-418) in 130 patients with obesity, referred to the Nutritional and Weight Management outpatient clinic of Beirut Arab University in Lebanon. Participants were then categorized on the basis of the absence or presence of SO. RESULTS Sixty-four of the 130 participants met the criteria for SO (49.2%) and displayed significantly higher total ORWELL 97 scores than those in the group without SO (64.00 vs. 41.00, p=0.001), indicative of poorer HRQoL. Linear regression analysis showed that SO was associated with an increase in ORWELL 97 scores by nearly 24 units (β=24.35, 95% CI=11.45-37.26; p less then 0.0001). Valaciclovir research buy Moreover, the logistic regression analysis showed that SO increased the odds of clinically significant impairment of HRQoL (ORWELL 97 score ≥74.25) by nearly seven-fold (OR=7.37, 95% CI=1.92-28.39; p=0.004). CONCLUSION Our findings show that the presence of SO was associated with increased impairment in HRQoL that reaches clinical significance when compared to obesity only. Future studies are needed to clarify whether this may influence clinical outcomes. If this is shown to be the case, weight management programmes should incorporate additional strategies to improve HRQoL in individuals with SO. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy can lead to renal diseases, and oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have critical roles in its development. OBJECTIVES In this study, the effect of syringic acid (SYR), natural phenolic acid on diabetic nephropathy and mitochondrial biogenesis were examined. METHODS Diabetes was induced in rats by injecting streptozotocin. SYR (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day) was orally administered for 6 weeks. SYR effects on factors, such as antioxidant activity and mRNA expression level of mitochondrial biogenesis indexes were evaluated. RESULTS In SYR-treated rats, blood glucose and ALP level were significantly reduced. link2 SYR increased kidney GSH content in the diabetic group. Elevated renal catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in diabetic rats were restored to normal levels after treatment. The SYR significantly reduced renal TBARS level, which had increased in diabetic rats. This compound also significantly upregulated renal mRNA expression of PGC-1α and NRF-1, and increased mtDNA/nDNA ratio in diabetic rats. These values were reduced in non-treated diabetic group. The result show improvement of histopathological damages of kidney in SYR treated group in comparison with the diabetic group. CONCLUSION According to the results, SYR alters renal antioxidant defense mechanisms. Also, it could be considered as a novel approach by targeting mitochondria in renal diabetic complications. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI)，a kind of heart deficiency is a main cause of death and disability. Autophagy, a metabolic process for degradation of damaged proteins or organelles, is important for cardiac functions and regulated by several miRNAs including miRNA-101. This research was aim to investigate the effects of miR-101 in myocardial infarction-induced injury and the related mechanisms. METHODS MI model was induced by ligation of the left coronary artery. The in vitro model was established by hypoxia induced H9c2 cells (rat myocardial cells). The overexpression of miR-101 was achieved by transfection. The expression of associated proteins was analyzed by Western blotting. The level of miR-101 was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The target genes for miR-101 and the target sites were analyzed by TargetScan. RESULTS The results showed that miR-101 was decreased in MI mice (p less then 0.01). Autophagy and apoptosis were increased in MI-induced injury (in vivo) and in hypoxia treated myocardial cells (in vitro) (p less then 0.01). miR-101 overexpression inhibited the increasing of autophagy and apoptosis in mice and in myocardial cells (p less then 0.01). DDIT4 was a target gene of miR-101 and expressed increasingly in MI-induced injury mice and hypoxia treated myocardial cells. miR-101 could negatively regulated the expression of DDIT4. CONCLUSION This research suggested that miR-101 attenuatedMI-induced injury by targeting DDIT4 to regulate autophagy, which indicated that miR-101 or DDIT4 may be potential therapeutic targets for heart injury. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.PURPOSE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common liver malignancy, which has a low survival rate of all cancers. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a clinically recognized to treat HCC. However, the success of this therapy is highly limited due to rapid clearance and non- selective distribution. Cholesterol-conjugate (5-FUC) loaded liposomes proposed to facilitate the transport of 5-FUC into tumor cells via low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL receptor) that overexpressed in HCC. Thus, the aim of this study was to use 5-FUC loaded liposome as a promising strategy to combat HCC and improve the response of HCC to chemotherapy. METHODS 5-FUC and 5-FU loaded liposomes were optimized based on cholesterol (CHO) ratio and type of phospholipid to achieve a potential effect on HCC. Liposomes were prepared by the thin-film hydration method, and evaluated in terms of particle size, polydispersity, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE), morphology, drug release and cytotoxicity. RESULTS The obtained liposomes had a suitable nano-range particle size with negative zeta potential, and acceptable EE%. In vitro drug release of 5-FUC loaded liposomes showed a lower cumulative release over 24 h compared to 5-FU loaded liposomes. 5-FUC loaded liposomes exhibited a higher in vitro cytotoxic effect compared to the free drug and 5-FU loaded liposomes against HepG2 cell lines after 48 h via MTT assay. CONCLUSION These results concluded that 5-FUC loaded liposomes could be used as an alternative tactic to increase the therapeutic index of 5-FU and pave the way for potential clinical applications. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.PURPOSE A small molecular compound, aminooxy-acetic acid (AOA), has been shown to modulate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The current study was designed to investigate whether AOA has a similar effect on the development of experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) and to further explore underlying mechanisms of this drug. METHODS EAU was induced in C57BL/6J mice by immunization with interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein peptide 651-670 (IRBP 651-670). AOA (500μg or 750μg) or vehicle was administered by intraperitoneal injection from day 10 to 14 after EAU induction. The severity was assessed by clinical and histological scores. The integrity of the blood retinal barrier was detected with Evans Blue. Frequencies of splenic Th1, Th17 and Foxp3+ Treg cells were examined by flow cytometry. The production of cytokines was tested by ELISA. The mRNA expression of IL-17, IFN-γ and IL-10 was detected by RT-PCR. The expression of p-Stat1 and NF-κB was detected by Western Blotting. RESULTS AOA was found to markedly inhibit the severity of EAU, as determined by clinical and histopathological examinations. AOA can relieve the leakage of blood retinal barrier (BRB). Functional studies found a decreased frequency of Th1 and Th17 cells and an increased frequency of Treg cells in EAU mice as compared with controls. Further studies showed that AOA not only downregulated the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines including IFN-γand IL-17 but also upregulated the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine such as IL-10, which might be caused by inhibiting the expressions of p-Stat1 and NF-κB. CONCLUSION This study shows that AOA inhibits the severity and development of EAU by modulating the balance between regulatory and pathogenic lymphocyte subsets. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.INTRODUCTION The human being is considered a natural host for Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis), which causes trichomoniasis, the most frequent non-viral sexually transmitted infectious disease in the world. The current study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and sequencing of T. vaginalis in women with vaginitis. METHODS In the current research, 514 vaginal discharge samples were obtained from women with vaginitis. The specimens were evaluated by the direct wet mount examination, Dorset culture medium, and PCR technique. link3 Primers were designed for the detection of TVK3/TVK7, TVA5/TVA6 genes specific for the identification of T. vaginalis. The PCR-positive samples were sequenced and compared with the sequences registered in the GenBank database. RESULTS Among the collected samples, 30 (5.83%), 45 (8.75%), 90 (17.50%), and 62 (12.06%) cases were positive for T. vaginalis when assayed by the direct wet mount examination, Dorset culture medium, and PCR technique (TVK3/TVK7, TVA5/TVA6 genes), respectively. There was no significant relationship between trichomoniasis and demographic characteristics of women, such as age, occupational status, mode of delivery, number of deliveries, educational level, and contraceptive methods (p˃0.05). The range of vaginal pH was between 5-7 in women with vaginitis, and there was a significant statistical correlation between the pH values and the infection rate (p less then 0.05). The PCR-positive samples had 100% sequence homology with the reference sequence in the GenBank database (accession number L23861.1). CONCLUSION This study confirmed a relatively high prevalence of T. vaginalis in the southwestern region of Iran. According to our results, the PCR method, especially detecting TVK3/TVK7 genes, was more sensitive than the direct wet mount examination and Dorset culture medium methods. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.