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Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a recently discovered infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Graphene is an emerging material due to its extraordinary performance in the field of electronics and antimicrobial textiles. Special attention devoted to graphene oxide-based materials due to its surface to volume ratio is very high which make it easy to attach biomolecules by simple adsorption or by crosslinking between reactive groups and the graphene surface. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have summarized the recent developments of graphene and its derivatives with possible virus detection and textile applications. Moreover, graphene strain sensors can be executed on high-performance textiles and high-throughput drug efficacy screening.Pregnant women with preeclampsia experience significant hemodynamic changes which lead to an increased myocardial workload. In response to increased demands in pregnancy, the heart muscle responds with ventricular remodeling process which involves cardiac muscle hypertrophy. Opposed to occurrence of eccentric ventricular hypertrophy in normal pregnancy, myocardial remodeling in a form of concentric hypertrophy will occur in pregnant patients with preeclampsia. Increased myocardial workload is manifested by an increased troponin release. As process of troponin degradation continue, filtration of degradation fragment through glomerular membrane occur, raising the possibility of it's detection in urine. Degradation fragments of troponin molecules are estimated to be 20 kDa with preserved immunoreactivity to high-sensitivity assays. Some of the authors suggest that serum levels of cardiac troponin I might be elevated in patients with hypertension, as well as in preeclamptic pregnant women. It is to be expected that evaluation of severity of the myocardial damage in pregnant woman with preeclampsia may be performed by measuring levels of troponin in the urine using high-sensitivity assays. Designing of urine dipstick will help to detect an early phase of myocardial involvement in preeclamptic pregnancies.This study presents two new concepts and definitions to the medical literature. One of those is "endogenous retinoic acid theory" and the other "retinoic acid depletion syndrome". A new classification will be provided for the immune system "retinoic acid-dependent component" and "retinoic acid non-dependent component". If this theory is verified, all the diseases where the retinoic acid metabolism is defective and retinoic acid levels are low will be identified and new approaches will be developed fortreating such diseases. When the need for retinoic acids increases, such as acute infection, high fever, severe catabolic process, or chronic antigenic stimulation, cytochrome oxidase enzymes are inhibited by drugs or internal mechanisms. Metabolism and excretion of retinoic acids stored in the liver are prevented. see more In this way, retinoic acid levels in the blood are raised to therapeutic levels. This is called "Endogenous Retinoic Acid Theory". Retinoic acids also manage their metabolism through feedback mechanismcalled "retinoic acid depletion syndrome". COVID-19 and previously defined sepsis, SIRS and ARDS are each retinoic acid depletion syndrome. We claim that retinoic acid metabolism is defective in most inflammatory diseases, particularly COVID-19 (cytokine storm) sepsis, SIRS and ARDS. Finding a solution to this mechanism will bring a new perspective and treatment approach to such diseases.Social jetlag (SJL) is the difference between the midpoint time of sleep between weekend and weekday. SJL is experienced by many adolescents and is a matter of concern in public health. In private experiences, pupils who were forced to wake up early on non-school day mornings to engage in hard physical activity and who had little time for sleep on non-school nights were identified. These pupils are supposed to show negative SJL values. However, few studies have described pupils with negative SJL values. The current study aimed to raise a hypothesis that pupils with negative SJL might constitute a discrete population with typical characteristic features. A total of 2,722 questionnaires obtained from pupils in grades 5 to 12 were assessed by the multiple comparison test of the Dunnett method to determine significant differences in the lifestyle habits among SJL categories (SJL-I, less then 0 h; SJL-II, 0-1 h; SJL-III, 1-2 h; SJL-IV, 2 h or more). Pupils with SJL-I were mostly male compared to those in SJL-II. Physical activity score showed a significantly higher value in SJL-I than SJL-II, while that in SJL-III and SJL-IV revealed significantly lower values than that in SJL-II. Contrarily, non-school day screen time and non-school night sleep duration showed significantly lower values in SJL-I than SJL-II, while those in SJL-III and SJL-IV revealed significantly higher values than those in SJL-II. After-school activity score showed a significantly higher value in SJL-I than SJL-II, while that in SJL-III and SJL-IV revealed lower values than that in SJL-II. At least in Japan, a hypothesis that pupils with negative SJL constitutes a discrete population with typical characteristic features (predominantly male, higher physical activity, and after-school activity scores; less non-school day screen time; and shorter non-school night sleep duration) was raised. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is a major comorbidity of COVID-19, and poorly controlled diabetes is associated with high mortality rate, emphasizing the necessity to improve glycemic control. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor responsible for SARS-CoV-2 access to human cells, and ACE2 expression is increased in patients with diabetes and hypertension treated with ACE-inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers. We hypothesize that an upregulation of ACE2 due to its non-enzymatic glycation could be considered, as well as a change of the protein tertiary structure in terms of amino acid (mostly lysine) available to be glycated. In fact, in a single ACE2 molecule, 34 lysine residues are present in the extracellular portion, and at least one of these is co-involved in a fundamental hydrogen-bond interaction with the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD). The worse outcome of COVID-19 in people with diabetes could be related to the non-enzymatic glycation that triggers the activity of ACE2. Moreover, DNA methylation of genes regulating islet beta-cell function, as well as in insulin resistance of peripheral tissues such as liver, muscle, and adipose tissue may be involved, as already demonstrated for cancer conditions.