Trujillobray8967

C9ORF72 hexanucleotide expansion is the most common genetic cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) disease spectrum. Even though three major mechanisms of disease pathogenesis have been proposed, we lack detailed understanding of the factors that influence disease onset and progression. We sought to characterize cerebrospinal fluid and sera of C9ORF72 patients via a multiplex assay of 41 chemokines and cytokines in comparison to neurological controls and sporadic ALS patients. We found an increase in synthesis of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines in disease samples and particularly in C9ORF72 patients in comparison to controls. We provide evidence that a CSF pro-inflammatory signature is a feature of C9ORF72-mediated disease.Human noroviruses are the dominant causative agent of acute viral gastroenteritis worldwide. During the winter of 2014-2015, genotype GII.17 cluster IIIb strains emerged as the leading cause of norovirus infection in Asia and later spread to other parts of the world. It is speculated that mutation at blockade epitopes may have resulted in virus escape from herd immunity, leading to the emergence of GII.17 cluster IIIb variants. Here, we identify a GII.17 cluster IIIb-specific blockade epitope by monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based epitope mapping. Four mAbs (designated as M1 to M4) were generated from mice immunized with virus-like particle (VLP) of a GII.17 cluster IIIb strain. Among them, M1 and M3 reacted specifically with the cluster IIIb VLP but not with the VLPs from clusters II or IIIa. Moreover, M1 and M3 dose-dependently blocked cluster IIIb VLP binding with its ligand, histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs). Epitope mapping revealed that M1 and M3 recognized the same highly exposed epitope consisting of residues 293-296 and 299 in the capsid protein VP1. Sequence alignment showed that the M1/M3 epitope sequence is highly variable among different GII.17 clusters whereas it is identical for cluster IIIIb strains. These data define a dominant blockade epitope of GII.17 norovirus and provide evidence that blockade epitope evolution contributes to the emergence of GII.17 cluster IIIb strains.

To assess the periodontal status in cannabis smokers in comparison with non-cannabis smokers.

Electronic databases were searched as well as hand searches performed. Eligible studies followed the Population Exposure Comparison Outcome Study (PECOS) structure P dentate humans, E cannabis smoking, C non-cannabis smoking, O Primary outcomes periodontitis case definition, clinical attachment loss, probing depth; Secondary outcomes bleeding on probing/ gingival inflammation, plaque index and calculus; S observational studies. Qualitative analyses of the studies were done. The quality of cohort studies was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and cross-sectional studies were assessed using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

2661 records were screened, of which 14 articles were included. Data from a cohort study showed that highly exposed participants were at higher risk of clinical attachment loss progression. Six cross-sectional studies reported worse gingival or periodontal conditions in cannabis smokers. Nevertheless, one did not find such association, neither did three case series. Three studies were of high, two of moderate and six were of low quality.

Based on the available data, frequent cannabis smoking could be detrimental for periodontal tissues and this could be dose-dependent. Studies including long-term cannabis smokers, and stratified for periodontal disease etiologic factors and risk factors/indicators are needed.

Based on the available data, frequent cannabis smoking could be detrimental for periodontal tissues and this could be dose-dependent. Studies including long-term cannabis smokers, and stratified for periodontal disease etiologic factors and risk factors/indicators are needed.Background Although the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) has undergone preclinical tests and clinical trials evaluating its efficacy and safety, few data have been reported in the post-licensure real-world setting. We aimed to assess the safety of the vaccine among healthcare workers.Methods A self-administered online survey on monitoring adverse reactions post vaccination was conducted among the staff who worked at and were vaccinated in a tertiary hospital in Taizhou, China, from February 24 to 7 March 2021. A total of 1526 subjects responded to the questionnaire when they received an e-mail or an e-poster on WeChat.Results The incidences of overall adverse reactions after the first and second injections were 15.6% (238/1526) and 14.6% (204/1397), respectively. The most common adverse reaction was localized pain at the injection site, with an incidence of 9.6% and 10.7% after each dose, accounting for 61.8% and 73.0% of adverse reactions, respectively. Fatigue, muscle pain, and headache were the most common systemic adverse reactions.Conclusions These findings implied that the inactivated CoronaVac vaccine has an acceptable safety profile among healthcare workers due to the low incidence of self-reported adverse reactions. This may boost public confidence in nationwide mass vaccination campaigns.

Emotional intelligence (EI) has been associated with decreased burnout in surgical residents but has not been extensively studied in medical students. We hypothesized that higher EI would lead to decreased levels of burnout among medical students at a US medical school.

The authors administered three separate EI measures and compiled an EI score by adding the normalized score on each test. These measures were the DRS-15, the Grit Scale, and the Reading the Mind Between the Eyes Quiz. The Professional Fulfillment Index (PFI) was used to determine levels of burnout experienced two weeks before survey completion.

The population included 68 medical students. PFI and EI scores were positively correlated (

 = 0.55,

 < .001). The separate EI measures indicated that both Grit (

 = 0.43,

 < .001) and DRS-15 (

 = 0.56,

 < .001) were correlated with PFI. The Eyes Quiz did not show a significant correlation with PFI (

 = .2).

The results confirmed our hypothesis that EI would be correlated with decreased levels of burnout among this group of students. Some areas of potential future study include whether these same results hold true at other medical schools and if improving EI has a benefit of decreasing burnout.

The results confirmed our hypothesis that EI would be correlated with decreased levels of burnout among this group of students. Some areas of potential future study include whether these same results hold true at other medical schools and if improving EI has a benefit of decreasing burnout.Introduction Venetoclax has emerged as a breakthrough treatment which has revolutionized the therapeutic paradigm of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). This is primarily attributed to the efficacy of venetoclax as a time-limited, chemo-free, therapy in a field dominated by targeted agents given on a continuous schedule. Furthermore, compelling clinical data support the use of venetoclax in combination with other targeted agents in the hope of preventing drug resistance due to the emergence of acquired mutations.Areas covered This paper provides an overview of clinical results of newly approved or investigational venetoclax-based therapies for CLL. In view of current and potential roles in CLL care, the strengths and disadvantages of venetoclax-combinations are discussed. The MEDLINE database, ClinicalTrials.gov and conference proceedings were all reviewed to select the relevant literature.Expert opinion While the advent of venetoclax-based combinations has significantly expanded the therapeutic options for patients with CLL, further research with longer follow-up is required to address remaining open questions such as (I) the role of venetoclax as fixed duration therapy(II) timing and threshold of minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment for therapy discontinuation, (III) the efficacy of novel triplet combinations with venetoclax as backbone therapy, (IV) indications for the re-initiation of therapy with venetoclax.Subjective cognitive complaints are a frequent patient-reported problem. Some adults with cognitive complaints present to the neuropsychology clinic without a diagnosable cognitive disorder but experience subjective daily executive dysfunction. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/elamipretide-mtp-131.html It is well-established that trauma may impact executive function; however, the nuances of this relationship remain of interest. The present study descriptively reports associations between executive function and childhood trauma as well as lifetime trauma and current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. Participants were 48 adults referred to a neuropsychology clinic for evaluation without an identified neurocognitive disorder. Correlations between self-reported executive dysfunction, as assessed by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult (BRIEF-A), childhood trauma as measured by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and lifetime and current symptoms using the PTSD Diagnostic Scale for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 were conducted. Correlations indicated that emotional neglect was associated with BRIEF-A indices and specific subscales including self-monitoring, shifting attention, task initiation, and planning/organization. Childhood emotional and sexual abuse and physical neglect and abuse, lifetime trauma and current PTSD symptoms were not associated with BRIEF-A indices. Though preliminary, these results highlight that in this population, history of childhood emotional neglect is particularly important when considering etiology of daily executive function complaints. Clinical implications and limitations are discussed.Platelets play an important role in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by mediating thrombotic, inflammatory, and immune processes in the lung. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating the platelet count and three platelet indices, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in stable COPD vs. non-COPD patients and in stable COPD vs. acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) patients (PROSPERO registration number CRD42021228263). PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched from inception to December 2020. Twenty-seven studies were included in the meta-analysis, 26 comparing 4,455 stable COPD patients with 7,128 non-COPD controls and 14 comparing 1,251 stable COPD with 904 AECOPD patients. Stable COPD patients had significantly higher platelet counts (weighted mean difference, WMD = 13.39 x109/L, 95% CI 4.68 to 22.11 x109/L; p  less then  0.001) and PLR (WMD = 59.52, 95% CI 29.59 to 89.44; p  less then  0.001) than non-COPD subjects. AECOPD patients had significantly higher PLR values than stable COPD patients (WMD = 46.03, 95% CI 7.70 to 84.35; p = 0.02). No significant differences were observed in MPV and PDW. Between-study heterogeneity was extreme. In sensitivity analysis, the effect size was not modified when each study was sequentially removed. The was no evidence of publication bias. In our meta-analysis, specific platelet biomarkers were associated with stable COPD (platelet count and PLR) and AECOPD (PLR). However, the observed heterogeneity limits the generalizability of the findings. Further studies are required to determine their prognostic utility and the effects of targeted interventions in COPD.